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Tree Crown Variation and Seasonal in the Phenolic Compounds Content of Stryphnodendron adstringens(Mart)Coville Leaves

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第19期5卷 2904-2912页

作者： Alessandra de Oliveira Ribeiro selma lopes goulart Fábio Akira Mori Ana Hortencia Fonseca Castro Department of Forest Sciences Federal University of LavrasCampus UniversitárioLavrasBrazil Pharmacy Department Natural Products LaboratoryFederal University of Sao Joao Del ReiDivinopolisBrazil

The aim of this study was to compare phenolic compounds contents between different positions within the crown and between collection periods, and to evaluate the tannin contents by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The collections were performed in Lavras, in the southern region of the Brazilian state Minas Gerais. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (factorial 3 × 4);the first factor being the position (base, middle, top);and the months, the second factor (February, May, September and December). We verified that the leaves of S. adstringens present higher total phenolic and tannin contents at the top (23.05% and 18.23%) and base (21.42% and 16.61%) of the crown, in May (25.79% and 20.85%) and September (25.57% and 20.50%), respectively. There was no difference in the residual phenol and flavonoid contents between the positions within the crown or in the months of collection. These facts suggest that within the crown and climatic changes may be one of the factors affecting phenol levels in Stryphnodendron adstringens.

关键词： Barbatimao Tannins Leaves Seasonal Variation Cerrado

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Etiology of Fungemia in Neonates: Four Decades of Case Reports

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2014年第2期4卷 97-105页

作者： selma Alves Valente do Amaral-lopes José Tavares-Neto Department of Medicine Graduate Program in Heath Science (PPgCS)/FMB/UFBA Salvador Brazil Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine of Bahia (FMB) Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Salvador Brazil

Objectives: To compare groups of etiologic agents for neonatal fungemia based on previously published case reports with regard to case outcomes. Methods: Secondary analysis of data from case reports published in scientific literature indexed in Medline, Scopus and LILACS databases, and starting from the year, full texts were registered until the year 2010. Results: Thirty-four species of fungi were isolated in 252 cases reported over a 40-year period. The distribution of fungal groups according to the development level of a case’s region of origin was very uneven (p Aspergillus sp.) in more developed countries. However, 73% of the chi-squared distribution corresponded to differences observed in the frequency of Candida sp. and non-albicans Candida. While the frequency of candidemia by C. albicans was progressively declining in the period from 1966 to 2010, reports of non-albicans candidemia and other non-Candida fungi became significantly (p albicans Candida or non-Candida fungi were isolated. Conclusion: fungi of the genera Candida and Aspergillus were the etiologic agents most frequently identified in published cases of neonatal fungemia;the outcome of death was more often related to cases where non-albicans Candida or non-Candida fungi were isolated.

关键词： Neonatal Fungemia Neonatal Fungal Sepsis Secondary Data Analysis

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Care Measures and Health Outcomes in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Brazil

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期13卷 697-706页

作者： Arnildo Linck Junior Flávia lopes Gabani Edmarlon Girotto Ana Maria Rigo Silva selma Maffei Andrade Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery Universidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina Brazil

Introduction: In low- and middle-income countries, including Brazil, conditions that favor mortality in the PICU remain significant. Compared to developed countries, there is a shortage of skilled human resources, lower availability of technological resources, greater difficulty of access and a higher incidence of infections, including both those acquired prior to admission and those resulting from treatment and hospitalization (i.e., healthcare-associated infections (HAIs)). HAIs in the PICU include ventilator-associated pneumonia and catheter-related bloodstream infections. Actions for the prevention of HAIs can minimize the occurrence of negative outcomes. Materials and Methods: This is an epidemiological study comparing admissions at the PICU of a high-complexity hospital in South Brazil over two three-year periods: 2012-2014 (before the measures were adopted) and 2015-2017 (after the measures). The care measures were adopted mainly at the beginning of 2015 and consisted of expansion of physical therapy care, adoption of care protocols, acquisition of new materials and equipment (transparent dressings for central catheters, high-tech mechanical ventilators and multiparametric monitors) and multidisciplinary team training. The frequency of the outcomes mortality, length of PICU stay, diagnosis of catheter-related bloodstream infection, need for and duration of ventilatory support and diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia were compared between the two trienniums using logistic regression with adjustment for age in months and need of vasoactive drugs. Results: A total of 1140 admissions were analyzed (470 in the first triennium and 670 in the second), representing an increase in the admission rate of 42.6% after the adoption of the measures. After adjustments, significant reductions in the frequency of mortality (adjusted OR [adjOR] = 0.54;CI 95%: 0.34 - 0.84), length of PICU stay > 7 days (adjOR = 0.75;CI 95%: 0.57 - 0.97) and duration of ventilatory suppor

关键词： Pediatric Intensive Care Units Outcomes Assessment In-Hospital Mortality Hospital Stay Mechanical Ventilation Catheter-Related Infections

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