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Effects of plant-soil feedback on tree seedling growth under arid conditions

Journal of Plant Ecology 2011年第4期4卷 193-200页

作者： seline s.meijer Milena Holmgren Wim H.Van der Putten Resource Ecology Group Wageningen UniversityPO Box 476700 AA WageningenThe Netherlands University College Dublin Forestry Agriculture&Food Science CentreUniversity College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland World Agroforestry Centre(ICRAF) PO Box 30798LilongweMalawi Department of Terrestrial Ecology Netherlands Institute of Ecology(NIOO-KNAW)PO Box 506708 PB WageningenThe Netherlands Laboratory of Nematology Wageningen UniversityPO Box 81236700 ES WageningenThe Netherlands

Plants are able to influence their growing environment by changing biotic and abiotic soil *** soil conditions in turn can influence plant growth conditions,which is called plant–soil ***–soil feedback is known to be operative in a wide variety of ecosystems ranging from temperate grasslands to tropical rain ***,little is known about how it operates in arid *** examined the role of plant–soil feedbacks on tree seedling growth in relation to water availability as occurring in arid ecosystems along the west coast of south *** In a two-phased greenhouse experiment,we compared plant–soil feedback effects under three water levels(no water,10%gravimetric moisture and 15%gravimetric moisture).We used sterilized soil inoculated with soil collected from northwest Peru(Prosopis pallida forests)and from two sites in north-central Chile(Prosopis chilensis forest and scrublands without ***).Important Findings Plant–soil feedbacks differed between plant species and soil origins,but water availability did not influence the feedback ***–soil feedbacks differed in direction and strength in the three soil origins ***–soil feedbacks of plants grown in Peruvian forest soil were negative for leaf biomass and positive for root *** contrast,feedbacks were neutral for plants growing in Chilean scrubland soil and positive for leaf biomass for those growing in Chilean forest *** results show that under arid conditions,effects of plant–soil feedback depend upon ***,the results suggest that plant–soil feedback can influence trade-offs between root growth and leaf biomass investment and as such that feedback interactions between plants and soil biota can make plants either more tolerant or vulnerable to *** on dissecting plant–soil feedbacks into aboveground and belowground tissue responses,we conclude that plant–soil feedback can enhance plant colonization in some arid eco

关键词： biomass allocation dry forest facilitation Prosopis south America water pulse

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Use of two fungal species to induce agarwood resin formation in Gyrinops walla

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第2期30卷 721-726页

作者： s.M.C.U.P.subasinghe H.I.D.Hitihamu K.M.E.P.Fernando Department of Forestry and Environmental science University of Sri Jayewardenepura Department of Botany University of Sri Jayewardenepura

Gyrinops walla Gaertn. is the only species growing in sri Lanka that belongs to the agarwood family,Thymelaeaceae. Although agarwood resin induction and extraction from Aquilaria species of the same family have been practised for many decades in southeast Asian region,the ability of producing agarwood resins in G. walla was discovered recently. since previous studies were on agarwood resins formed due to natural causes, the present study was conducted to identify the potential fungal species that are capable of artificially inducing agarwood resin formation in G. walla. since this is the first ever study conducted on artificial inducement of agarwood resin formation in ***, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium solani were selected owing to their high abundance in the naturally formed agarwood resinous tissues collected from 25 G. walla *** fungal species were separately grown in yeast extract glucose agar and used to inoculate healthy G. walla trees under aseptic conditions. Three holes were made for each tree and 2 g of fungal culture including the medium were placed in each hole. Tissue discoloration, characteristic aroma, resin content and resin constituents were checked at10 cm intervals above and below the inoculation points for a period of 1 year. Results revealed that tissue discoloration and resin content were higher in the trees inoculated with A. niger. Other than at 10 cm above and below the inoculation points, samples collected at all locations had significantly higher resin contents when inoculated with A. niger compared to F. solani. sixteen agarwood resin constituents, which were also recorded in Aquilaria species, were identified from the discolored tissues using GC–Ms analysis. Jinkohol, agarospirol and 2(2-phenyl)chromone derivatives were found in all discolored tissues collected at 10-cm intervals of the trees inoculated with both fungi. b-seline, c-eudesmol and valerenal were found in nine of 10 sample points on the stem. c-Elemene was recor

关键词： Gyrinops walla Agarwood resin Aspergillus niger Fusarium solani Inoculation

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