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A simple and easy method to measure ammonia volatilization:Accuracy under field conditions

Pedosphere 2021年第2期31卷 255-264页

作者： Márcio R.MARTINS Leonardo F.SARKIS Roni F.GUAREScHI camila A.santOS selenobaldo a.c.sant’anna Mohammad ZAMAN claudia P.JANTALIA Bruno J.R.ALVES Robert M.BODDEY Ednaldo S.ARAÚJO Segundo URQUIAGA Embrapa Agrobiology Rod.BR 465km 7Seropédica RJ CEP 23891-000(Brazil) Agroscope Research Division Agroecology and EnvironmentClimate and Agriculture GroupReckenholzstrasse 191Zurich 8046(Switzerland) Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro(UFRRJ) Rod.BR 465km 7Seropédica RJ CEP 23891-000(Brazil) Soil and Water Management&crop Nutrition Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food&AgricultureP.O.Box 100Vienna A-1400(Austria)

Field studies on soil ammonia(NH_(3))volatilization are restricted in many countries owing to the high costs commonly demanded for accurate *** assessed the accuracy of a simple,open chamber design to capture NH_(3)under field conditions,as affected by different chamber placement ***-15 N was surface applied to lysimeters installed in the spaces between maize *** chambers made from plastic bottles were installed on each lysimeter with variations in i)N rates(3,8,13,and 18 g m^(-2)),ii)the height of the chamber above the soil surface(0,5,and 10 mm),and iii)chamber relocation(static ***).Reference lysimeters without chambers were used to measure NH_(3)losses by^(15)*** of NH_(3)-N accounted for more than 50%of the applied *** of the chambers had no impact on their NH_(3)-trapping efficiencies,proving to be an unnecessary *** in the height of the chambers above the soil surface affected the capture of NH_(3),but the results still maintained high linearity with the NH_(3)losses quantified by the reference method(R^(2)>0.98).When the same placement scheme used in the introductory study describing the chamber was utilized(static and touching the soil surface),we found a trapping efficiency of 60%,which was very similar to that(57%)obtained in the previous *** results show that this simple,open chamber design can be used with satisfactory accuracy under field conditions,provided that simple,standardized procedures are warranted.

关键词： ammonia collector chamber method field sampler gas emission low-cost chamber nitrogen cycling

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Optimizing the use of open chambers to measure ammonia volatilization in field plots amended with urea

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Pedosphere 2021年第2期31卷 243-254页

作者： Márcio R.MARTINS Leonardo F.SARKIS selenobaldo a.c.sant’anna camila A.santOS Karla E.ARAUJO Ricardo c.santOS Ednaldo S.ARAÚJO Bruno J.R.ALVES claudia P.JANTALIA Robert M.BODDEY Mohammad ZAMAN Segundo URQUIAGA Embrapa Agrobiology Rod.BR 465km 7Seropédica RJ CEP 23891-000(Brazil) Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro(UFRRJ) Rod.BR 465km 7Seropédica RJ CEP 23891-000(Brazil) Agroscope Research Division Agroecology and EnvironmentClimate and Agriculture GroupReckenholzstrasse 191Zurich 8046(Switzerland) Soil and Water Management&crop Nutrition Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food&AgricultureP.O.Box 100Vienna A-1400(Austria)

Measuring ammonia(NH_(3))volatilization from urea-fertilized soils is crucial for evaluation of practices that reduce gaseous nitrogen(N)losses in *** small area of chambers used for NH_(3)volatilization measurements compared with the size of field plots may cause significant errors if inadequate sampling strategies are *** aims were:i)to investigate the effect of using multiple open chambers on the variability in the measurement of NH_(3)volatilization in urea-amended field plots and ii)to define the critical period of NH_(3)-N losses during which the concentration of sampling effort is capable of reducing *** use of only one chamber covering 0.015%of the plot(51.84 m^(2))generates a value of NH_(3)-N loss within an expected margin of error of 30%around the true *** reduce the error margin by half(15%),3–7 chambers were required with a mean of 5 chambers per *** the sampling efforts in the first two weeks after urea application,which is usually the most critical period of N losses and associated errors,represents an efficient strategy to lessen uncertainty in the measurements of NH_(3)*** strategy enhances the power of detection of NH_(3)-N loss abatement in field experiments using chambers.

关键词： chamber method experimental error gas emission low-cost chamber nitrogen cycling nitrogen loss soil variability

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Polymerization of 1,3-Butadiene with catalysts Based on cobalt Dichloride complexes with Aminophosphines: Switching the Regioselectivity by Varying the MAO/co Molar Ratio

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chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 501-510页

作者： Giovanni Ricci anna Sommazzi Francesco Masi Alessandra Forni cNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari“Giulio Natta”(ScITEc) via A.Corti 1220133MilanoItaly Viale Giovanni XXIII 34 I-28100NovaraNOItaly Via Galvani 7 I-26866Sant’Angelo LodigianoLOItaly cNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari“Giulio Natta”(ScITEc) via C.Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly

Several novel cobalt dichloride complexes with amino-phosphine bidentate ligands were synthesized and *** some of them single crystals were obtained and their molecular structure was determined by X-ray diffraction *** the complexes were then used in combination with MAO for the polymerization of 1,3-butadiene,obtaining polymers with different structures(i.e.,predominantly 1,2 or cis-1,4)mainly depending on the type of ligand and on the MAO/co molar *** behavior of these novel catalysts was compared with that exhibited,in the polymerization of the same monomer,by the systems cocl_(2)(PR3)2-MAO and cocl_(2)(PRPh2)2-MAO(R=alkyl or cycloalkyl group),and by the systems based on cobalt dichloride complexes with various bi-and tridentate ligands(e.g.,diphosphines,bis-imines,pyridyl-imines,bis-iminopyridines).The comparison between the different systems allowed us to make some clarity about the actual and effective role played by the various types of ligands in the polymerization of conjugated dienes with catalytic systems cocl_(2)(L)-MAO,in which L=mono-,bi-,or tri-dentate ligand.

关键词： 1,3-Butadiene Stereospecific polymerization cobalt catalysts Regioselectivity Aminophosphine ligands crystal structures chelate rings

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Study of the conversion of Postconsumer Polystyrene on ceO₂/HZSM-5 Type Materials

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Journal of Materials Science and chemical Engineering 2024年第4期12卷 29-41页

作者： Mirna Oliveira sant’Ana Anne Michelle Garrido Pedrosa Marcelo José Barros de Souza Graduate Program in chemical Engineering at UFS Federal University of Sergipe (UFS) S&#227o Crist&#243v&#227o Brazil Department of chemistry Federal University of Sergipe S&#227o Crist&#243v&#227o Brazil

The catalytic conversion of polystyrene (PS) was studied in the presence of the materials type HZSM-5, ceO2, 10% ceO2/HZSM-5 and 20% ceO2/HZSM-5, which were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nitrogen adsorption at 77K. The catalytic tests were performed via thermogravimetric analysis (TG) at heating rates of 5, 10 and 20˚c min−1 in a temperature range from 30˚c to 900˚c. For the tests, a ratio of 30% by mass of each catalytic material mixed with PS was used and the activation energy of the degradation process was determined by the Vyazovkin method. The obtained results showed that the addition of the catalyst to the PS in general reduced its degradation temperature. The 10% ceO2/HZSM-5 catalyst showed greater efficiency, as it resulted in lower activation energy for PS degradation. Thus, the combination of ceO2 with HZSM-5 resulted in materials with potential for application in the catalytic degradation of polystyrene and the results indicate that the production of a composite material can be a good strategy to generate an increase in catalytic activity and a decrease in energy process activation.

关键词： HZSM-5 Zeolite cerium Oxide Polystyrene Pyrolysis

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In vitro and in vivo evaluation of cerium oxide nanoparticles in respiratory syncytial virus infection

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第6期24卷 124-135页

作者： Akhil Patel Jessica Kosanovich Sameera Sansare Sricharani Balmuri Vinayak sant Kerry M.Empey Shilpa sant Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of PharmacyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA15261USA center for clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Pharmacy and TherapeuticsSchool of PharmacyClinical and Translational Science InstituteDepartment of ImmunologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA15261USA Department of Bioengineering Swanson School of EngineeringMcGowan Institute for Regenerative MedicineUPMC Hillman Cancer CenterUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA15261USA

Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)is the most common cause of viral bronchiolitis among children worldwide,yet there is no vaccine for RSV *** study investigates the potential of cube and sphere-shaped cerium oxide nanoparticles(cNP)to modulate reactive oxygen(ROS)and nitrogen(RNS)species and immune cell phenotypes in the presence of RSV infection in vitro and in *** and sphere-shaped cNP were synthesized by hydrothermal and ultrasonication methods,***-chemical characterization confirmed the shape of sphere and cube cNP and effect of various parameters on their particle size distribution and zeta *** vitro results revealed that sphere and cube cNP differentially modulated ROS and RNS levels in J774 ***,cube cNP significantly reduced RSV-induced ROS levels without affecting RNS levels while sphere cNP increased RSV-induced RNS levels with minimal effect on ROS *** cNP drove an M1 phenotype in RSV-infected macrophages in vitro by increasing macrophage surface expression of cD80 and cD86 with a concomitant increase in TNFαand IL-12p70,while simultaneously decreasing M2 cD206 *** administration of sphere and cube-cNP were well-tolerated with no observed toxicity in BALB/c ***,cube cNP preferentially accumulated in murine alveolar macrophages and induced their activation,avoiding enhanced uptake and activation of other inflammatory cells such as neutrophils,which are associated with RSV-mediated *** conclusion,we report that sphere and cube cNP modulate macrophage polarization and innate cellular responses during RSV infection.

关键词： cerium oxide nanoparticles Reactive oxygen species Respiratory syncytial virus Macrophage phenotypes Immunomodulation Nanoparticle shape Bioactive nanoparticles

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Evaluation of Soil Quality Indicators in Sugarcane Management in Sandy Loam Soil

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Pedosphere 2009年第3期19卷 312-322页

作者： S.a.c.sant'anna M.F.FERNANDES W.M.P.M.IVO J.L.S.cOSTA Brazilian Agricultural Research corporation (Embrapa coastal Tablelands) Av. Beira Mar 3250 Aracaju SE 49025- 040 (Brazil) Departament of Physiology Universidade Federal de Sergipe So Cristóvo SE 49100-000 (Brazil) Brazilian Agricultural Research corporation (Embrapa coastal Tablelands) Av. Beira Mar 3250 Aracaju SE 49025-040 (Brazil) Brazilian Agricultural Research corporation (Embrapa) Brasília DF 70770-901 (Brazil)

An important factor for the sustainability of soils highly susceptible to degradation is the use of monitoring tools that promptly and realistically reflect changes imposed on soil by different cropping systems. To select soil quality indicator variables in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) production areas that fulfill the criteria of sensitivity to management practices and between-season consistency in the management discrimination, ten composite soil samples (0–10 cm) were collected in July 2005 (rainy season) and again in March 2006 (dry season) from areas under cultivation of organic sugarcane (OS), green sugarcane (GS), burned sugarcane (BS) and from an adjacent native forest (NF) area at Usina Triunfo, Boca da Mata, Alagoas, Brazil. Microbial biomass-c (MBc), total organic c (TOc), soil enzyme activity expressed as the rate of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis, mean weight diameter of water-stable soil aggregates (MWD), and percentage of water-stable macroaggregates (PWSA) were analyzed. Although MBc and TOc were higher in NF than in the cultivated areas, no differences were observed in these c pools between the three sugarcane systems. The response of FDA to the site management was dependent on the sampling time. In the rainy period, the activity followed the order: NF > OS > GS > BS, whereas in the dry season, only NF differed from the other treatments. Irrespective of the sampling time, MWD and PWSA decreased in the order NF > OS = GS > BS. The variables MWD and PWSA are quite sensitive for discriminating between site management histories regardless the sampling season.

关键词：土壤耕作制度一致性管理质量评价指标甘蔗沙壤土核转录因子微生物生物量碳美国FDA

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Nutritional,rheological and sensory properties of butter processed with different mixtures of cow and sheep milk cream

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Food Bioscience 2022年第2期46卷 487-497页

作者： Renata S Dias celso F.Balthazar Rodrigo N.cavalcanti Louise A.Sobral Jessica F.Rodrigues Roberto P.cNeto Maria Inˆes B.Tavares Ana Paula B.Ribeiro Renato Grimaldi celso sant’anna Erick A.Esmerino Tatiana c.Pimentel Marcia cristina Silva Adriano G.cruz Instituto Federal de Educaç˜ao Ciˆencia e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro(IFRJ)Departamento de AlimentosRJBrazil Universidade Estadual de campinas(UNIcAMP) Faculdade de Engenharia de AlimentosCampinasSPBrazil Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ) Escola de QuimicaRJBrazil Instituto Federal of Minas Gerais(IFMG) Departamento de Ciˆencias Agr´ariasBambuíMGBrazil Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ) Instituto de Macromol´eculas Professora Eloisa Mano(IMA)Rio de JaneiroBrazil Instituto Federal do Paran´a(IFPR) ParanavaíPRBrazil g Instituto Nacional de MetrologiaNormalizaç˜ao Qualidade Industrial(affnInmetro) Duque de Caxias25250-020Rio de JaneiroBrazil Universidade Federal Fluminense(UFF) Faculdade de Medicina VeterinariaNiter´oiRJBrazil

This study assessed the quality parameters and consumer perception and behavior of butter processed with different ratios of cow and sheep milk *** milk cream butter(cMcB)showed lower moisture content and higher fat content,smaller fat globules,and higher concentrations of long-chain saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids,resulting in improved potential health *** addition,cMcB showed yellow color,little salt,and butter taste as the main sensory characteristics,resulting in grateful and good digestibility *** milk cream addition improved the rheological properties of the products(lower viscosity,consistency index,and rigidity(J0),and higher fluidity and viscoelastic behavior(J1)),mainly due to the increased concentrations of short-chain and medium-chain saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty ***,sheep milk cream butter(SMcB)was characterized by a greasy and striking aroma,with a lower perception of good digestibility and good appearance,and a higher bitter *** association of cow and sheep milk cream could be an exciting option to obtain products with improved fatty acid profiles,health indices,and yet maintain desired rheological and sensory *** formulation with 60%sheep milk cream and 40%cow milk cream would be the suggested combination.

关键词： Sheep milk Bovine milk Quality parameters Butter

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can Intestinal constipation Be Modulated by Prebiotics, Probiotics and Symbiotics?

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第12期5卷 1106-1113页

作者： Monica de Souza Lima sant’anna célia Lúcia de Luces Fortes Ferreira Departament of Nutrition Federal University of SergipeSao CristovaoBrazil Department of Food Technology Federal University of VicosaVicosaBrazil

The importance of maintaining a healthy intestinal microbiota in the health of the host has been increasingly clarified. This microbiota may appear unbalanced in diseases such as colitis, diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome and constipation. To rebalance the microbiota and improve the symptoms of constipation, it is recommended to intake prebiotics, probiotics and symbiotics, which works in the modulation of a healthy intestinal microbiota and favors the production of short-chain fatty acids that have a positive effect on intestinal transit. In addition, some studies indicate that there is a relation between the brain and the intestine that influences the behavior of individuals with intestinal dysbiosis. Thus, the reestablishment of the eubiosis in constipated patients through the functional compounds (prebiotics, probiotics and symbiotics) has been showing promising results regarding the modulation of constipation and improvement of the clinical picture. This review will emphasize the relation of prebiotics, probiotics and symbiotics in the modulation of intestinal constipation. New food sources of these compounds should be evaluated for their efficacy, dose and effect to establish a proper management.

关键词： Intestinal Microbiota Fructooligosaccharides Inulin constipation

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Effects of living and metabolically inactive mesenchymal stromal cells and their derivatives on monocytes and macrophages

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World Journal of Stem cells 2021年第9期13卷 1160-1176页

作者： Alexia Nedel sant'Ana Anelise Bergmann Araújo Fabiany da costa Gonçalves Ana Helena Paz Laboratório de células Tecidos e Genes Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903RSBrazil centro de Processamento celular Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903RSBrazil Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus Medical CenterRotterdam 3015 GDNetherlands Departamento de ciências Morfológicas Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-903RSBrazil

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MScs) are multipotent and self-renewing stem cellsthat have great potential as cell therapy for autoimmune and inflammatorydisorders, as well as for other clinical conditions, due to their immunoregulatoryand regenerative properties. MScs modulate the inflammatory milieu by releasingsoluble factors and acting through cell-to-cell mechanisms. MScs switch theclassical inflammatory status of monocytes and macrophages towards a nonclassicaland anti-inflammatory phenotype. This is characterized by an increasedsecretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, a decreased release of pro-inflammatorycytokines, and changes in the expression of cell membrane molecules and inmetabolic pathways. The MSc modulation of monocyte and macrophage phenotypesseems to be critical for therapy effectiveness in several disease models, sincewhen these cells are depleted, no immunoregulatory effects are observed. Here,we review the effects of living MScs (metabolically active cells) and metabolicallyinactive MScs (dead cells that lost metabolic activity by induced inactivation) andtheir derivatives (extracellular vesicles, soluble factors, extracts, and microparticles)on the profile of macrophages and monocytes and the implications forimmunoregulatory and reparative processes. This review includes mechanisms ofaction exhibited in these different therapeutic appro-aches, which induce the antiinflammatoryproperties of monocytes and macrophages. Finally, we overviewseveral possibilities of therapeutic applications of these cells and their derivatives,with results regarding monocytes and macrophages in animal model studies andsome clinical trials.

关键词： Mesenchymal stromal cells Macrophage Monocyte Immunomodulation cell therapy Immunoregulation

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Site-directed cysteine coupling of disulfide-containing non-antibody carrier proteins(THIOcAPs)

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Science china Materials 2023年第10期66卷 4109-4120页

作者： Ariana Rueda Julian I.Mendoza Lorena Alba-castellon Eloi Parladé Eric Voltà-Durán David Paez anna Avino Ramon Eritja Esther Vázquez Antonio Villaverde Ramón Mangues Ugutz Unzueta Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica sant Pau(IIB sant Pau) Sant Quintí 77-7908041 BarcelonaSpain Josep carreras Leukaemia Research Institute(IJc campus sant Pau) 08041 BarcelonaSpain cIBER de Bioingeniería Biomateriales y NanomedicinaInstituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ28029 MadridSpain Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraSpain Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraSpain Department of Medical Oncology Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau.Barcelona08025 BarcelonaSpain cIBER de Enfermedades Raras(cIBERER) Instituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ28029 MadridSpain Institute for Advanced chemistry of catalonia(IQAc) CSIC08034 BarcelonaSpain

The development of a new generation of nonantibody protein drug delivery systems requires site-directed conjugation strategies to produce homogeneous,reproducible and scalable *** that,the genetic addition of cysteine residues into solvent-exposed positions allows the thiol-mediated cysteine coupling of therapeutic drugs into protein-based ***,the high reactivity of unpaired cysteine residues usually reduces protein stability,consequently imposing the use of more methodologically demanding purification *** is especially relevant for disulfide-containing nanocarriers,as previously observed in ***,although many protein scaffolds and targeting ligands are also rich in disulfide bridges,the use of these methodologies over emerging non-antibody carrier proteins has been completely ***,we report the development of a simple and straightforward procedure for a onestep production and site-directed cysteine conjugation of disulfide-containing non-antibody thiolated carrier proteins(THIOcAPs).This method is validated in a fluorescent c-X-c chemokine receptor 4(cXcR4)-targeted multivalent nanocarrier containing two intramolecular disulfide bridges and one reactive cysteine residue strategically placed into a solvent-exposed position(THIO-T22-GFP-H6)for drug conjugation and in a humanized alternative intended for clinical applications(T22-HSNBT-H6).Thus,we produce very stable,homogeneous and fully functional antitumoral nanoconjugates(THIO-T22-GFP-H6-MMAE and T22-HSNBT-H6-MMAE)that selectively eliminate target cancer cells via ***,the developed methodology appears as a powerful tool for the rational engineering of emerging non-antibody,cell-targeted protein nanocarriers that contain disulfide bridges together with a solvent-exposed reactive cysteine(THIOcAP).This should pave the way for the development of a new generation of stable,homogeneous and efficient nanomedicines.

关键词： disulfide directed bridges

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