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Knowledge Regarding human Immunodeficiency Virus and Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of hIV among a Group of Adults in a low Income Country

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第6期13卷 955-965页

作者： Epee Ngoue Jeannette Sime Tchouamo Arielle Annick kamo selangai helene Mboua Batoum Véronique Tony nengom Jocelyn Kago Tague Daniel Armand Brice Touka Kouam Euranie Essomba Aurore Albane Nguefack Felicitée Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric hospital of Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences of Garoua University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Interstate Public health Center of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Despite communication on human immunodeficiency virus (hIV), close to 5.9 million people didn’t know they were living with hIV. One of the modes of transmission of hIV is vertical transmission. It remains the principal way of transmission of hIV for children below 15 years, with over 90% of them being infected. In Cameroon, the mother and child transmission of hIV is still a problem with 5.5% of infection of exposed infant at the early infant diagnosis in 2019. Awareness on prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) is an important component for the fight against hIV. We therefore aimed at gauging the level of knowledge of a group of adult clients on hIV and PMTCT. Methodology: We conducted a cross sectional and analytical study at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric hospital for a period of one month. Were included, adults who visited the hospital for a free screening campaign on hIV. Data were collected using a questionnaire on their characteristics and knowledge of hIV and PMTCT. Data were entered using CSPro and analysed using IBM SPSS. Results: There was a gap in knowledge on hIV, considering satisfactory knowledge from 25 points and above, it was noted that 34.6% of our respondents had a non-satisfactory knowledge. For PMTCT, knowledge was average with the majority scoring 10 points on 18. Considering satisfactory knowledge on PMTCT was from 10 and above, 35.9% of our respondents had a non-satisfactory knowledge. Female sex was associated with satisfactory knowledge for both hIV and PMTCT. Conclusion: Concerning PMTCT, the knowledge of the mode of transmission, Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for prevention to the babies or feedings recommendations on exposed hIV infants were poor. There is a gap in favor of women regarding knowledge between hIV and PMTCT. Therefore, men are highly encouraged to take part to health promotion activities on hIV and PMTCT.

关键词： hIV PMTCT Infant Knowledge

CT-Scan Presentations of Brain Malformations in Children: About Three Cases in Regional hospital of Ngaoundere-Cameroon

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Open Journal of Radiology 2018年第2期8卷 74-83页

作者： neossi Guena Mathurin Alapha Florent Doka kamo héléne Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Medical Imaging Center of Ngaoundere Regional hospital Ngaoundere Cameroon Peadiatric Department of Ngaoundere Regional hospital Ngaoundere Cameroon

Brain malformations are rare, difficult to diagnose and have unpredictable evolution. They are the major causes of epilepsy, psychomotor development abnormalities and other neurological disorders. The neuroimaging technique of choice for diagnosis of these malformations is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but unfortunately MRI is expensive, and is not available in a poor resource country like Cameroon. CT scan associated to clinical signs can help to suspect or to confirm a malformation. The authors report here three cases of malformations discovered during cranial CT scan at the regional hospital of Ngaoundéré. They are Dandy Walker malformation, Sturge Weber’s disease and hemimegalencephaly. These cases contribute to the knowledge of this rare event, and emphasize the importance of CT scan on their diagnosis in the absence of MRI.

关键词： Brain Malformations Cerebral CT-Scan Dandy Walker Sturge Weber Diseases hemimegalencephaly Poor Resource Country

Anemia in Cameroon: A Social Approach

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第3期10卷 553-560页

作者： kamo Sélangaï Doka hélène Adamou Moïse Fadimatou Altine Babba Oumarou University of Ngaoundere Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of Garoua Ngaoundere Cameroon Pediatric Unit of the Regional hospital of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

Viewed as hidden hunger, anemia is an indicator of poor nutrition and health status, especially for African pre-school children. Several actions are being carried out to combat anemia in Africa, without success. The fundamental step to improve this situation is to determine 1) mothers’ knowledge regarding anemia (symptoms/signs and etiologies), and 2) their attitudes towards anemia. The present effort was to determine 1) and 2) on mothers (n = 152) with children (1 - le="font-family:Verdana;">5 years) through questionnaire. Data showed that the less educated the mother was, the more she gave the wrong definition of anemia. When these mothers have anemic children, 129 go to the hospital, 34 give grenadine (sweet soda), 14 go to the traditional healer, and 6 give the various decoctions. Our results showed that less-educated mothers had wrong anemia management, such as attachment to a visual logic that assimilates blood to food with red coloring. The actions must directly involve these mothers and the traditional healers to improve this situation.

关键词： Anemia Knowledge Attitude Child’s Mother Traditional healers

Osteomyelitis in Children with Sickle Cell Disease: A Challenging Diagnosis: Case Report from Cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第2期11卷 208-214页

作者： Djike Puepi Fokam Yolande Kukwah Anthony Tufong Tagakou Mboula Jules Andang Paul Mayah Eposse Ekoube Charlotte Diomede Noukeu Njinkui Dominique Enyama helene kamo selangai Verla Vincent Siysi Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics Faculty of Health Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon Buea Regional hospital Buea South West Cameroon Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Faculty of health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Treatment Centre of Sickle cell Disease Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

Introduction: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is the most prevalent genetic disease in the world predominantly in the African population with Sickle Cell Anaemia (SCA) being its dominant form. One of the most frequent compl... 详细信息

Introductionle="white-space:normal;">: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is the most prevalent genetic disease in the world predominantly in the African population with Sickle Cell Anaemia (SCA) being its dominant form. One of the most frequent complications of SCD is osteomyelitis. SCA is due to a point mutation in the beta globin chain of haemoglobin. This is responsible for the sickled shape of RBCs under low oxygen tension conditions leading to obstruction in the microcirculation. This leads to vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) which has a similar clinical presentation to that of osteomyelitis, another complication of SCD. Case Presentation: We present the case of a three-year-old girl with SCA who presented with an inability to bear weight in a febrile context. A diagnosis of VOC was initially made, which was later on changed to both a left chronic tibial and right distal femoral osteomyelitis following a series of biological, and imaging investigations. Surgical debridement and drainage were performed, resulting 9 weeks later in the involution of fever and leg pain. Conclusion: le="font-family:Verdana;">Osteomyelitis when associated with SCD is a dreadful and deathly disease in low income countrie

关键词： Chronic Osteomyelitis Sickle Cell Disease Child

Biotolerance Study of the hydroalcoholic Extract of Terminalia mantaly h. Perrier on Rat Renal Activity

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第12期10卷 167-179页

作者： kamo Irié lou Bohila Emilie Tra Bi Irie Otis Kouassi Kouakou Serge Djaman Allico Joseph N’guessan Jean David Department of Microbiology Institut Pasteur of C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Department of Medical and Fundamental Biochemistry Institut Pasteur of C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Superior Normal School Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Biology and health laboratory Félix Houphou&euml t-Boigny University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Biology and health laboratory Félix Houphou?t-Boigny University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Terminalia mantaly h. Perrier is one of the plants of the Combretaceae family that is widely used in traditional African medicine for its antibacterial, antifungal, and especially in the treatment of malaria. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia mantaly (hAETM) on the tissue and kidney biochemical markers of rats. Forty (40) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, assigning 10 animals within each group (5 males and 5 females per group). Animals in group 1 received distilled water and were used as the control group;on the other hand, groups 2, 3, 4 received by gavage a volume of the extract corresponding to 1 ml/100g body weight at 150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, respectively. The hydroalcoholic extract was administered at the same time daily for 28 days, and blood was collected once a week to evaluate renal biochemical parameters;the kidney tissues were used to perform the histopathological study. The creatinine rate increased significantly (p Terminalia mantaly should be globally well tolerated by the body when used in doses ranging from 150 to 600 mg/kg of the body weight in animals (for this study, rats). however, further in-depth studies would be needed to get a more thorough and complete picture of the safety profile of the extract.

关键词： Terminalia mantaly Biotolerance Biochemical Markers

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模件式燃油滤清器的研制

汽车与新动力 1995年第6期 37-41+61页

作者： Yamada K kamo h Ueda h 肖太林

近年来,与全球环境有关的问题变得日益突出。例如,诸如燃油消耗经济性之类的环境法规已十分严格。另一方面,追求舒适宽敞的乘客车厢和较小的发动机室更为流行。为了适应这些要求必需减小汽车零部件的尺寸和重量。对于燃油滤清器,减小滤... 详细信息

近年来,与全球环境有关的问题变得日益突出。例如,诸如燃油消耗经济性之类的环境法规已十分严格。另一方面,追求舒适宽敞的乘客车厢和较小的发动机室更为流行。为了适应这些要求必需减小汽车零部件的尺寸和重量。对于燃油滤清器,减小滤清器滤芯的尺寸是达到减小零部件尺寸和重量的关键技术。就燃油滤清器而言,减小滤芯尺寸就能减小滤清器尺寸和重量。对这一课题进行了研究,并创制了一种新结构滤芯。此外,还开发了一种杂质吸持量与额定孔径优化组合的新滤纸。在这些研究的基础上,研制了一种新型模件式燃油滤清器。与传统的燃油滤清器相比,尺寸减小40%,重量减轻了30%。

关键词：燃油滤清器研制

Effects of COVID-19 on Outpatient Visitation of Japanese Parkinson’s Disease and Parkinsonism Patients Receiving Rehabilitation

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Advances in Parkinson's Disease 2022年第2期11卷 11-22页

作者： Kyohei Mikami Makoto Shiraishi Kazuki Yoshida Ken Kumai Ryoma Aoki Keisuke Shiraishi Natsumi Takahashi Tomomi Matsushima Akika Yoshimoto Takuya Iwamoto Tsutomu kamo Department of Rehabilitation Noborito Neurology Clinic Kawasaki City Japan Department of neurology St. Marianna University School of Medicine Kawasaki City Japan Department of neurology Noborito Neurology Clinic Kawasaki City Japan

Background: Rehabilitation is effective for preventing progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and parkinsonism, but access to services during the COVID-19 pandemic was difficult. The Japanese already practice high levels of social distancing and personal restraint and are keenly aware of dangers related to infectious disease. We therefore presume that many patients discontinued rehabilitation due to behavioral restraint. Objectives: We investigated whether PD patients and parkinsonism patients attending outpatient rehabilitation facilities in Japan initiated rehabilitation interruptions and their associated reasons before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Subjects were PD and parkinsonism patients attending a neurology clinic outpatient rehabilitation department in Japan before and during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (February 1, 2019, to January 31, 2021). Patients lost to follow-up were investigated as to how long they attended rehabilitation until interruption. We classified factors causing rehabilitation interruption into COVID-19-related factors, disease factors and social reasons. Results: Among 259 subjects (125 men, 134 women, mean age: 76.6 ± 8.5 years), 133 patients (51.4%) initiated interruption of rehabilitation therapy. Cumulative incidence of interruption events was significantly higher during than before the COVID-19 pandemic (p Conclusions: Cumulative incidence of interruption events increased in Japanese PD and parkinsonian patients attending an outpatient rehabilitation facility during the COVID-19 pandemic, primarily due to COVID-19-related factors. Patients and their families need education and guidance to facilitate continuous rehabilitation.

关键词： Parkinson’s Disease Parkinsonism COVID-19 Rehabilitation Outpatient

Effect of Abnormal Posture on Quality of life in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

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Advances in Parkinson's Disease 2016年第2期5卷 7-14页

作者： Kyohei Mikami Makoto Shiraishi Tsutomu kamo Noborito neurology Clinic Kawasaki Japan Division of neurology St. Marianna University School of Medicine Kawasaki Japan

Background: Relationship between abnormal posture and QOl of Parkinson's disease is not clear. Objectives: To clarify the association between quality of life (QOl) and abnormal posture in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and examine which QOl dimensions are involved. Methods: This study retrospectively examined PD patients (n = 57) who had undergone outpatient rehabilitation between January and March 2014. Evaluation items were Modified hoehn Yahr (h-Y) stage, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)-Part III score, Timed Up and Go test (TUG, 3-m walking) result, Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ)-39 score, and the angle of forward and lateral trunk flexion in the standing position. Statistical analysis was performed to reveal the relationship between the total PDQ-39 score and individual evaluation items and which QOl dimensions were affected by abnormal posture due to forward or lateral flexion. Results: A total of 38 PD patients (17 men, 21 women;mean age, 73.2 ± 8.6 years) were enrolled. Among the evaluation items, lateral flexion angle showed a significant correlation with the total PDQ-39 score (r = 0.422, P = 0.008). PDQ-39 dimensions showing an association with forward flexion were activities of daily living (ADl) (P = 0.002) and communication (P = 0.007), whereas ADl (P = 0.004), communication (P = 0.021), and social support (P = 0.029) were associated with lateral flexion. Mobility was not associated with forward or lateral flexion. Conclusion: The present findings revealed a correlation between lateral flexion and QOl in PD patients. Among the PDQ-39 dimensions, ADl and communication were associated with abnormal posture.

关键词： Parkinson’s Disease Abnormal Postural Quality of life Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ)-39

Simulation and Measurements of VSWR for Microwave Communication Systems

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International Journal of Communications, network and System Sciences 2012年第11期5卷 767-773页

作者： Bexhet kamo Shkelzen Cakaj Vladi Kolici Erida Mulla Faculty of Information Technology Polytechnic University of TiranaTiranaAlbania

Nowadays, microwave frequency systems, in many applications are used. Regardless of the application, all microwave communication systems are faced with transmission line matching problem, related to the load or impedance connected to them. The mismatching of microwave lines with the load connected to them generates reflected waves. Mismatching is identified by a parameter known as VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio). VSWR is a crucial parameter on determining the efficiency of microwave systems. In medical application VSWR gets a specific importance. The presence of reflected waves can lead to the wrong measurement information, consequently a wrong diagnostic result interpretation applied to a specific patient. For this reason, specifically in medical applications, it is important to minimize the reflected waves, or control the VSWR value with the high accuracy level. In this paper, the transmission line under different matching conditions is simulated and experimented. Through simulation and experimental measurements, the VSWR for each case of connected line with the respective load is calculated and measured. Further elements either with impact or not on the VSWR value are identified. Interpretation of simulation and experimental results allows to judge about improving the VSWR, and consequently increasing the microwave transmission systems efficiency.

关键词： Microwave load Impedance Matching VSWR