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Insights into the pathogenesis of multiple system atrophy: focus on glial cytoplasmic inclusions

Translational Neurodegeneration 2020年第1期9卷 66-80页

作者： seiji kaji Takakuni Maki Tomoyuki Ishimoto Hodaka Yamakado Ryosuke Takahashi Department of Neurology Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University54 Shogoin-Kawahara-choSakyo-kuKyotoJapan

Multiple system atrophy(MSA)is a debilitating and fatal neurodegenerative *** disease severity warrants urgent development of disease-modifying therapy,but the disease pathogenesis is still *** in MSA brains is preceded by the emergence of glial cytoplasmic inclusions(GCIs),which are insoluble α-synuclein accumulations within oligodendrocytes(OLGs).Thus,preventive strategies against GCI formation may suppress disease ***,although numerous studies have tried to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of GCI formation,difficulty remains in understanding the pathological interaction between the two pivotal aspects of GCIs;asynuclein and *** difficulty originates from several enigmas:1)what triggers the initial generation and possible propagation of pathogenic α-synuclein species?2)what contributes to OLG-specific accumulation of α-synuclein,which is abundantly expressed in neurons but not in OLGs?and 3)how are OLGs and other glial cells affected and contribute to neurodegeneration?The primary pathogenesis of GCIs may involve myelin dysfunaion and dyshomeostasis of the oligodendroglial cellular environment such as autophagy and iron *** have previously reported that oligodendrocyte precursor cells are more prone to develop intracellular inclusions in the presence of extracellular fibrillary α-*** finding implies a possibility that the propagation of GCI pathology in MSA brains is mediated through the internalization of pathological α-synuclein into oligodendrocyte precursor *** this review,in order to discuss the pathogenesis of GCIs,we will focus on the composition of neuronal and oligodendroglial inclusions in ***,we will introduce some hypotheses on how α-synuclein pathology spreads among OLGs in MSA brains,in the light of our data from the experiments with primary oligodendrocyte lineage cell *** various reports have focused on the mysterious source of α-

关键词： Multiple system atrophy a-synuclein Glial cytoplasmic inclusion Prion Neurodegeneration Oligodendrocyte Microglia Astrocyte Oligodendrocyte precursor cell

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Effects of elafibranor on liver fibrosis and gut barrier function in a mouse model of alcohol-associated liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第28期30卷 3428-3446页

作者： Aritoshi Koizumi Kosuke kaji Norihisa Nishimura Shohei Asada Takuya Matsuda Misako Tanaka Nobuyuki Yorioka Yuki Tsuji Koh Kitagawa Shinya Sato Tadashi Namisaki Takemi Akahane Hitoshi Yoshiji Department of Gastroenterology Nara Medical UniversityKashihara 634-8521Japan

BACKGROUND Alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD)is a leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality,but there are no therapeutic targets and modalities to prevent ALD-related liver *** proliferator activated receptor(PPAR)α and δ play a key role in lipid metabolism and intestinal barrier homeostasis,which are major contributors to the pathological progression of ***,elafibranor(EFN),which is a dual PPARαand PPARδagonist,has reached a phase III clinical trial for the treatment of metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease and primary biliary ***,the benefits of EFN for ALD treatment is *** To evaluate the inhibitory effects of EFN on liver fibrosis and gut-intestinal barrier dysfunction in an ALD mouse *** ALD-related liver fibrosis was induced in female C57BL/6J mice by feeding a 2.5% ethanol(EtOH)-containing Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet and intraperitoneally injecting carbon tetrachloride thrice weekly(1 mL/kg)for 8 ***(3 and 10 mg/kg/day)was orally administered during the experimental *** and molecular analyses were performed to assess the effect of EFN on steatohepatitis,fibrosis,and intestinal barrier *** EFN effects on HepG2 lipotoxicity and Caco-2 barrier function were evaluated by cell-based *** The hepatic steatosis,apoptosis,and fibrosis in the ALD mice model were significantly attenuated by EFN *** promoted lipolysis and β-oxidation and enhanced autophagic and antioxidant capacities in EtOH-stimulated HepG2 cells,primarily through PPARα***,EFN inhibited the Kupffer cell-mediated inflammatory response,with blunted hepatic exposure to lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and toll like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)*** improved intestinal hyperpermeability by restoring tight junction proteins and autophagy and by inhibiting apoptosis and proinflammatory *** protective effect on intestinal bar

关键词： Liver fibrosis Ethanol Gut barrier function Apoptosis Autophagy Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor

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SPERA Hydrogen System^(TM)by LOHC-MCH Method for Massive Hydrogen Storage and Transportation

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2024年第2期13卷 50-60页

作者： Yoshimi Okada kaji Naohiro Osamu Ikeda Kenichi Imagawa Hironori Kawai Masashi Nagai Yasuhiro Inoue Frontier Business Division Chiyoda Corporation4-6-2 Minatomirai Nishi-kuYokohama 2208765Japan Hydrogen Business Department Chiyoda Corporation4-6-2 Minatomirai Nishi-kuYokohama 2208765Japan R&D Center Chiyoda Corporation3-13 Moriya-cho Kanagawa-kuYokohama 2208765Japan Technology Development Department Chiyoda Corporation4-6-2 Minatomirai Nishi-kuYokohama 2208765Japan

Expanding the hydrogen energy utilization is essential for decarbonization,and the commercialization of hydrogen energy carrier systems that can“store”and“transport”hydrogen in a large scale is *** organic chemical hydride method incorporates hydrogen atoms into the molecular structure of a LOHC(Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier)to store and transport hydrogen in a liquid state under normal temperature and pressure,and is a highly safe method with low business *** has been developing the technology since 2002,completed a pilot demonstration in 2014 and named it the SPERA Hydrogen^(TM) System,and successfully completed an international supply chain demonstration that transports hydrogen from Brunei to Japan in a large scale in 2020,moving to the commercialization ***,Chiyoda is conducting feasibility studies with a number of domestic and foreign companies with the aim of commercializing the system as soon as *** this paper,outline,features,development status and our efforts in commercialization of SPERA HydrogenTM System are introduced.

关键词： Hydrogen carrier LOHC Methylcyclohexane MCH toluene

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Suspension Splittings and Self-maps of Flag Manifolds

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2019年第4期35卷 445-462页

作者： Shizuo kaji Stephen THERIAULT Institute of Mathematics for Industry Kyushu University Mathematical Sciences University of Southampton

If G is a compact connected Lie group and T is a maximal torus, we give a wedge decomposition of ΣG/T by identifying families of idempotents in cohomology. This is used to give new information on the self-maps of G/T.

关键词： Flag manifold self-map stable splitting

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An Analytical Expression of Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Free Induction Decay in Two-Site Exchange Problem

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Chinese Physics Letters 1998年第6期15卷 453-454页

作者： SHEN Yi-min kaji Hironori HORII Fumitaka Analytical Center Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433 Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto UniversityUjiKyoto 611Japan

An analytical expression of free induction decay has been derived for calculating the magic angle spinning sideband patterns of nuclear magnetic resonance spectra in a two-site exchange *** expression has been confirmed by comparing the calculated spinning sideband patterns for powdered crystalline dimethyl sulfone at different exchange rates with experimentally measured spectra at various temperatures.

关键词： exchange spectra crystalline

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Effects of different land-use systems (grazing and understory cultivation) on growth and yield of semi-arid oak coppices

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2235-2244页

作者： Ali Soltani Hamdollah Sadeghi kaji Saleh Kahyani Department of Forest Science Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth SciencesShahrekord UniversityP.O.Box 115ShahrekordIran

The present study examines the extent of negative eff ects of traditional multiple land-use systems on oak coppices,from a forest management point of *** study area was located in approximately 10,000 ha of hilly Brant’s oak(Quercus brantii Lindl.)woodlands in the central Zagros *** the same site-quality class,three land-use systems were compared:simple coppice(Co),coppice in conjunction with small ruminant grazing(CoG),and coppice with understory rain-fed wheat cultivation plus grazing(CoCG).Data on total wood volume of trunk and major branches,and annual ring growth,were collected and analyzed from 74 stands in 15 coppiced woodland *** results showed the advantage of Co over CoG and CoCG land-uses by 43 and 60 m 3 of mean accumulated wood volume per hectare,*** diameter growth analysis also revealed an annual increase in wood production of trees in Co land-uses over 43 years,with an exception of the recent decade,when growth coincided with a severe *** a back-extrapolation method,the minimum rotation age of woodlands in Co land-use was found to be 23.6 years,5 and 7 years shorter than those of CoG and CoCG land-uses,*** CoCG,woodlands located in Co and CoG land-use systems demonstrated a high level of agreement with self-thinning rule of−3/*** for the stand density index for coppiced oak woodlands were between more than 1000 for the least disturbed(Co)and less than 400 for the most disturbed woodlands(CoCG).The structure and growth rate of the coppiced oak woodlands were irreversibly disrupted by understory tillage plus grazing and in less extent by grazing *** was concluded that ending undergrowth cultivation in semi-arid oak coppices should be addressed as a priority by adopting minimum regulations.

关键词： Coppicing Land-use impact assessment Diameter growth Multi-purpose land-use Self-thinning rule Stand density index

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21世纪初东亚乡村发展和规划实践及若干启迪

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国际城市规划 2024年第4期39卷 118-126页

作者：张立谭添李雯骐锻冶智也李仁熙同济大学建筑与城市规划学院城市规划系上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司中国城市规划学会小城镇规划学术委员会英国纽卡斯尔大学明治学院大学法学院釜山大学建筑学院

进入21世纪以来,日本、韩国和我国台湾地区等东亚经济体相继进入乡村发展的新阶段。笔者从城乡联系、农业发展、人居环境、乡村治理四个视角,系统梳理东亚乡村发展和规划的新近实践和研究进展,以期为当下我国内地的乡村发展和规划提供... 详细信息

进入21世纪以来,日本、韩国和我国台湾地区等东亚经济体相继进入乡村发展的新阶段。笔者从城乡联系、农业发展、人居环境、乡村治理四个视角,系统梳理东亚乡村发展和规划的新近实践和研究进展,以期为当下我国内地的乡村发展和规划提供有益借鉴。在城乡联系方面,东亚经济体已普遍进入城镇化发展的后期阶段,注重促进城乡要素的双向流动和乡村社会福利水平提升;在农业发展方面,提倡农业的生态化和智慧化发展,在保持小农基础上不断促进经营主体的集中,持续推进三次产业深度融合,并重视引入和培育新型专业化农民;在人居环境方面,强调设施配置的城乡公平性、闲置空间资源的再利用、应对灾害的韧性和文化景观的保护传承;在乡村治理方面,充分认识到上下共治的社会治理重要性,并不断完善乡村空间治理体系。最后,笔者探讨了东亚经济体的相关经验对我国内地乡村发展和规划研究的若干启迪。

关键词：东亚乡村乡村发展乡村规划乡村人居日本韩国台湾地区

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On large scale CFD-DEM simulation for gas-liquid-solid,three-phase flows

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Particuology 2021年第6期19卷 2-15页

作者： Kimiaki Washino Ei L.Chan Tetsushi kaji Yoshiaki Matsuno Toshitsugu Tanaka Department of Mechanical Engineering Osaka UniversitySuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

Particulate flows in a mixture of gas and liquid,***-liquid-solid three-phase flows,are frequently encountered both in nature and *** such flows,complex interactions between multiple phases,***-particle interactions,fluid-particle interactions and interfacial interactions(such as surface tension and particle wetting),play a crucial *** literature,simulations of three-phase flows are sometimes performed by incorporating interface capturing methods(*** method)into the CFD-DEM coupling ***,it is practically impossible to perform large(industrial)scale simulation because of the high computational *** of the strategies often employed to reduce the computational cost in CFD-DEM is to upscale particle size,which is applied mainly to particle single-phase and fluid-solid two-phase *** present work is focused on the scaled-up particle model for gas-liquid-solid three-phase *** interaction forces between multiple phases are scaled using the general criteria derived from the continuum assumption of particulate flow.A colour function based interface-capturing method with improved interface smoothness is developed,and the diffusion based coarse graining is employed to ensure sufficient space resolution in CFD even when particle size is *** is shown that the model developed is capable of predicting the both particles and fluid behaviour in the original system.

关键词： CFD-DEM Three-phase flow Scaled-up particle Surface tension and wetting

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Unsteady Internal Flow Conditions of Mini-Centrifugal Pump with Splitter Blades

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Journal of Thermal Science 2013年第1期22卷 86-91页

作者： T. Shigemitsu J. Fukutomi K. kaji T. Wada Institute of Technology and Science The University of Tokushima Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science The University of Tokushima

Mini centrifugal pumps having a diameter smaller than lOOmm are employed in many fields. But the design method for the mini centrifugal pump is not established because the internal flow condition for these small-sized fluid machines is not clarified and conventional theory is not suitable for small-sized pumps. Therefore, mini cen- trifugal pumps with simple structure were investigated by this research. Splitter blades were adopted in this re- search to improve the performance and the internal flow condition of mini centrifugal pump which had large blade outlet angle. The original impeller without the splitter blades and the impeller with the splitter blades were prepared for experiment. The performance tests are conducted with these rotors in order to investigate the effect of the splitter blades on performance and internal flow condition of mini centrifugal pump. On the other hand, a three dimensional unsteady numerical flow analysis was conducted to investigate the change of the internal flow according to the rotor rotation. It is clarified from the experimental results that the performance of the mini cen- trifugal pump is improved by the splitter blades. The blade-to-blade low velocity region was suppressed in the case with the splitter blades. In addition to that, the unsteady flows near the volute casing tongue were suppressed due to the splitter blades. In the present paper, the performance of the mini centrifugal pump is shown and the un- steady flow condition is clarified with the results of the numerical flow analysis. Furthermore, the effects of the splitter blades on the performance and the unsteady internal flow condition are investigated.

关键词： Mini-centrifugal pump Unsteady flow condition Performance Splitter blades

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The Effect of Blade Outlet Angle on Performance and Internal Flow Condition of Mini Turbo-Pump

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Journal of Thermal Science 2011年第1期20卷 32-38页

作者： T.Shigemitsu J.Fukutomi R.Nasada K.kaji Institute of Technology and Science The University of Tokushima2-1 Minamijyosanjima-choTokushima 770-8506JAPAN Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science The University of Tokushima2-1 Minamijyosanjima-choTokushima 770-8506JAPAN

Mini turbo-pumps having a diameter smaller than 100mm are employed in many fields;automobile radiator pump,ventricular assist pump,cooling pump for electric devices,washing machine pump and so ***,the needs for mini turbo-pumps would become larger with the increase of the application of it for electrical *** is desirable that the mini turbo-pump design is as simple as possible due to restriction to make precise *** the design method for the mini turbo-pump is not established because the internal flow condition for these small-sized fluid machineries is not clarified and conventional theory is not conductive for small-sized *** types of rotors with different outlet angles are prepared for an experiment and a numerical *** performance tests are conducted with these rotors in order to investigate the effect of the blade outlet angle on performance and internal flow condition of mini *** is clarified from the experimental results that head of the mini turbo-pump increases and maximum efficiency flow rate shifts to larger flow rate according to the increase of the blade outlet angle,however the maximum efficiency decreases with the increase of *** the present paper,the performance of the mini turbo-pump is shown and the internal flow conditions are clarified with the results of the experiment and the numerical flow ***,the effects of the blade outlet angle on the performance are investigated and high performance design with simple structure for the mini turbo-pump would be considered.

关键词： Mini Turbo-Pump Centrifugal pump Performance Internal flow Blade outlet angle

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