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The mechanism of penetration increase in A-TIG welding

Frontiers of Materials Science 2011年第2期5卷 109-118页

作者： Rui-Hua ZHANG Ji-Luan PAN seiji KATAYAMA Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka University 11-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan

The mechanism of the increasing of A-TIG welding penetration is studied by using the activating flux we developed for stainless steel, The effect of fluxon the flow and temperature fields of weld pool is simulated by the PHOENICS software, It shows that without flux, the fluid flow will be outward along the surface of the weld pool and then down, resulting in a flatter weld pool shape. With the flux, the oxygen, which changes the temperature dependence of surface tehsion grads froma negative value toa positive value, can cause significant changes onthe Weld penetration. Fluid flow will be inward along the surface of the weld pool toward the center and then down. This fluid flow pattern efficiently transfers heat to the weld root and produces a relatively deep and narrow *** change is the main cause of penetration increase. Moreover, arc construction can cause the weld width to become narrower and the penetration to become deeper, but this is not the main cause of penetration increase. The effects Of flux on fluid flow of the weld pool surface and arc profiles were observed in conventiOnai TIG welding and in A-TIG welding by using high-speed video camera; The fluid flow behavior was visualized in realtime scale by micro focused X-ray transmission video observation system. The result indicated that stronger inward fluid flow patterns leading to weld beads with narrower width and deeper penetration could be apparently identified in the case of A-TIG *** flux couldchange the direction of fluid flow i-n welding pool. It has a good agreement with the simulation result.

关键词： A-TIG welding penetration increase, numerical simulation, X-ray, highspeed video camera

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Aberrant Eph B/ephrin-B expression in experimental gastric lesions and tumor cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第2期21卷 453-464页

作者： Shintaro Uchiyama Noritaka Saeki Kazushige ogawa Department of Veterinary Anatomy Graduate School of Life and Environmental SciencesOsaka Prefecture UniversityOsaka 598-8531Japan

AIM: To determine whether the expression profiles of Eph B receptor and ephrin-B ligand can be used as markers for dysplastic/oncogenic transformation in gastric ***: The protein expression and localization ofEph B and ephrin-B in normal, ulcerated regenerating, and dysplastic gastric mucosa were examined in a rat experimental model by immunolabeling, and m RNA expression was assessed in four human gastric carcinoma cell lines by reverse transcription-polymerase chain ***: Ephrin-B- and Eph B-expressing regions were divided along the pit-gland axis in normal gastric units. Eph B2 was transiently upregulated in the experimental ulcer, and its expression domain extended to gastric pits and/or the luminal surface where ephrin-B-expressing pit cells reside. Eph B2, B3, and B4 and ephrin-B1 were coexpressed in the experimental gastric dysplasia, and more than one ligand-receptor pair was highly expressed in each of the gastric carcinoma cell ***: Robust and stable coexpression of Eph B and ephrin-B is a feature common to experimentally induced gastric dysplasia and human gastric carcinoma cell lines as compared to normal gastric and ulcerated regenerating epithelia. Thus, Eph B/ephrin-B may be a useful marker combination for dysplastic/oncogenic transformation in gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric ulcer Gastric dysplasia Gastric carcinoma

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Trajectories of endoscopic Barrett esophagus: Chronological changes in a community-based cohort

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第35期22卷 8060-8066页

作者： Shouji Shimoyama Toshihisa ogawa Toshiyuki Toma Gastrointestinal Unit Settlement Clinic

AIM To elucidate longitudinal changes of an endoscopic Barrett esophagus(BE), especially of short segment endoscopic BE(SSBE). METHODS This study comprised 779 patients who underwent two or more endoscopies between January 2009 and December 2015. The intervals between the first and the last endoscopy were at least 6 mo. The diagnosis of endoscopic BE was based on the criteria proposed by the Japan Esophageal Society and was classified as long segment(LSBE) and SSBE, the latter being further divided into partial and circumferential types. The potential background factors that were deemed to affect BE change included age, gender, antacid therapy use, gastroesophageal reflux disease-suggested symptoms, esophagitis, and hiatus hernia. Time trends of a new appearance and complete regression were investigated by Kaplan-Meier curves. The factors that may affect appearance and complete regression were investigated by χ~2 and Student-t tests, and multivariable Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Incidences of SSBE and LSBE were respectively 21.7% and 0%, with a mean age of 68 years. Complete regression of SSBE was observed in 61.5% of initial SSBE patients, while 12.1% of initially disease free patients experienced an appearance of SSBE. Complete regressions and appearances of BE occurred constantly over time, accounting for 80% and 17% of 5-year cumulative rates. No LSBE development from SSBE was observed. A hiatus hernia was the only significant factor that facilitated BE development(P = 0.03) or hampered(P = 0.007) BE regression. CONCLUSION Both appearances and complete regressions of SSBE occurred over time. A hiatus hernia was the only significant factor affecting the BE story.

关键词： Barrett esophagus Longitudinal vessels Progression Regression Hiatus hernia

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On the Pressure Drop and the Velocity Distribution in the Cylindrical Vortex Chamber with Two Inlet Pipes for the Control of Vortex Flow

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Journal of Thermal Science 2005年第2期14卷 162-171页

作者： Akira ogawa Tutomu OONO Hayato OKABE Noriaki AKIBA Taketo OOYAGI 110-0011 Minowa-2-14-7 Taitou-kuTokyoJapanStudents of Nihon University until March of 2005 College of EngineeringDepartment Mechanical EngineeringStudents of Nihon University until March of 2005 College of EngineeringDepartment Mechanical EngineeringStudents of Nihon University until March of 2005 College of EngineeringDepartment Mechanical EngineeringStudents of Nihon University until March of 2005 College of EngineeringDepartment Mechanical Engineering

Vortex flow is applied to a cyclone dust collector, a vortex combustion chamber, and a vortex diode for vortex control. In order to apply the vortex flow to the industries, it is necessary to keep the stable flow condition and to estimate the response time of the transient flow process and also the intensity of the vortex flow. For control vortex flow, two types of vortex chamber with two inlet pipes were designed. One of them is to promote the vortex flow named as Co-Rotating Flow System and another one is to hinder the vortex flow named as Counter-Rotating Flow System. The pressure drops and the velocity distributions were measured for these vortex chambers. The estimation of the tangential velocity by the application of the angular momentum flux is compared with the measured velocity by a cylindrical Pitot-tube. The characteristics of the total pressure drop could be explained by introducing the circulation.

关键词： vortex chamber tangential velocity total and local pressure drops angular momentum flux circulation.

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Recoil Momentum of Target Ions in Collisions of Ar^(6+)+CO_2 at Energies Below 300 eV/u

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Plasma Science and Technology 2010年第3期12卷 361-363页

作者： Y.INOUE K.ISHII H.ogawa Graduate school of Humanities and Sciences Nara Women's University Dept. of Physics Nara Women's University

The collision dynamics and fragmentation process of molecule by highly charged ion impact for single electron capture processes at the low energies below 1 keV/u were studied. The collision energy dependence of the recoil momentum was obtained experimentally and compared it with those calculated by a theoretical model using a deflection function with polarization potential. A fairly good agreement between the measured and calculated results was reached. This suggests that the polarization potential plays a crucial role in the low-energy region.

关键词： atomic process highly charged ion charge transfer classical over barrier model molecular fragmentation

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Seismicity,structure and tectonics in the Arctic region

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第5期6卷 665-677页

作者： Masaki Kanao Vladimir D.Suvorov Shigeru Toda seiji Tsuboi National Institute of Polar Research.Research Organization of Information and Systems Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of EducationAichi University of Education Institute for Research on Earth Evolution Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

The "Arctic" region,where the North Pole occupies the center of the Arctic Ocean,has been affecting the environmental variation of the Earth from geological time to the ***,the seismic activities in the area are not adequately ***,by conducting long term monitoring of seismic phenomenon as sustainable parameters,our understanding of both the tectonic evolution of the Earth and the dynamic interaction between the cryosphere and geosphere in surface layers of the Earth will *** this paper,the association of the seismicity and structure of the Arctic region,particularly focused on Eurasian continent and surrounding oceans,and its relationship with regional evolution during the Earth’s history is *** target areas cover representative tectonic provinces in the Eurasian Arctic,such as the wide area of Siberia,Baikal Rift *** East Russia,Arctic Ocean together with Greenland and Northern *** on discussion including characteristics of seismicity,heterogeneous structure of the crust and upper mantle,tectonic history and recent dynamic features of the Earth’s surface in the Arctic are summarized.

关键词： Arctic region Seismicity Tectonics Earth’s structu

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Self-catalytic degradation of ortho-chlorophenol with Fenton's reagent studied by chemiluminescence

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第3期24卷 550-557页

作者： Zhen Lin Hui Chen Yun Zhou Nobuaki ogawa Jin-Ming Lin Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China. Faculty of Engineering and Resource Science Akita UniversityTegata GakuenchoAkita010-8502Japan

The degradation of ortho-chlorophenol using Fenton＇s reagent was studied by chemiluminescence （CL）. Without a special CL reagent, a weak CL emission from the mixture of ferrous ion and hydrogen peroxide was observed at room temperature. The CL intensity was increased by the addition of ortho-chlorophenol into the mixed solution. When the temperature was raised to 65°C, the CL intensity was enhanced strongly. The CL mechanisms for the system H2O2-Fe2＋ with and without ortho-chlorophenol were studied by examining the CL spectrum, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and electron spin resonance spectrum. The effects of various free radical scavengers, surfactants and fluorescence compounds on the CL intensity were also investigated. A self-catalytic oxidation mechanism was proposed. The results showed that singlet oxygen was the main emitter for the system H2O2-Fe2＋. The strong CL from the system H2O2-Fe2＋-ortho-chlorophenol was due to singlet oxygen and electronically excited quinone. The benzenediol-like intermediate product formed during the phenol oxidation process greatly promoted the Fenton＇s reaction and led to higher CL intensity. Chemiluninescence is a novel approach for the investigation of the oxidation of some organic pollutants by Fenton＇s reagent.

关键词： ortho-chlorophenol Fenton’ reagent chemiluminescence singlet oxygen

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Predictive factors for efficacy of testosterone replacement therapy for late-onset hypogonadism in Japanese men:a preliminary report

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第5期25卷 587-590页

作者： Nobuyuki Kondoh Yohei Kaizuka seiji Nagasawa Yoshikazu Togo Shingo Yamamoto Department of Urology Kawanishi City Medical CenterKawanishiHyogo 6660017Japan Department of Urology Hyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaHyog 6638501Japan

Although testosterone replacement therapy(TRT)is the first-choice method used worldwide for late-onset hypogonadism(LOH),clinical benefits are not seen in all *** study was conducted to determine the predictors of TRT efficacy for ***-six patients who visited our Men’s Health Clinic(Kawanishi City Medical Center,Kawanishi and Hyogo Medical University,Nishinomiya,Hyogo,Japan)between November 2003 and June 2021 with data available before and after TRT were *** were divided into responders(Group 1;n=45,accounting for 80.4%)and nonresponders(Group 2;n=11,accounting for 19.6%)based on the clinical response to TRT,including patient *** noted before TRT included age,body mass index,aging males’symptoms score,sexual health inventory for men,luteinizing hormone,follicular-stimulating hormone,testosterone,free testosterone,prolactin(PRL),estradiol(E2),and testosterone/estradiol(T/E2)ratio in *** statistical analysis,a multivariable logistic regression model was *** analysis revealed PRL(odds ratio TORI:0.9624;95%confidence interval[Cl]:0.9316-0.9943,P<0.05),E2(OR:0.8692;95%Cl:0.7745-0.9754,P<0.05),and T/E2 ratio(OR:1.1312;95%Cl:1.0106-1.2661,P<0.05)to be predictive *** analyses showed that T/E2 ratio was an independent predictive factor(OR:1.1593;95%Cl:1.0438-1.2875,P<0.01).The present results suggest that a low value for T/E2 ratio may predict a reduced response to *** T/E2 ratio threshold to predict nonresponders based on receiver-operating characteristics(ROC)curve analysis was shown to be *** additional studies with larger number of patients are necessary,we propose the determination of serum E2 level and testosterone level prior to performing TRT.

关键词： estradiol late-onset hypogonadism predictive factor testosterone treatment

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Chinese Yuan after Chinese Exchange Rate System Reform

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China & World Economy 2006年第6期14卷 39-57页

作者： Eiji ogawa Michiru Sakane Professor Graduate School of Commerce and Management Hitotsubashi University Kunitachi Tokyo and Faculty Fellow of RIETI. Email: cc00104@srv.cc.hit-u.ac.jp Graduate Student Graduate School of Commerce and Management Hitotsubashi University Kunitachi Tokyo and Research Assistant of RIETI.

In this paper, the actual exchange rate policy conducted by the Chinese government after the Chinese exchange rate system reform on 21 July 2005 is investigated. Also, the long-run effect is investigated, including the Balassa-Samuelson effect on the Chinese yuan. It was found that the Chinese government generated a statistically significant but small change in exchange rate policy during the sample period until 25 January 2006. It was not identified that the Chinese monetary authority is adopting the currency basket system because the change is too small in the economic sense. It is indicated that the Chinese government should take account of the productivity growth of countries composing the currency basket in order to operate a currency basket regime.

关键词： Chinese exchange rate system reform currency basket system productivity Balassa-Samuelson effect

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End of the First Demographic Dividend and Possible Labor Market Response in China and Other Asian Countries(Regions)

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China & World Economy 2013年第2期21卷 78-96页

作者： Naohiro ogawa Qiulin Chen Population Research Institute Nihon University Institute of Population and Labor Economics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

This paper sheds light on the nexus of age compositional shifts and the generation of the first demographic dividend over the past several decades in China, and also discusses how this dividend could be extended. We first estimate how long China ＇s first demographic dividend will last and then compare the computed results for China with those for other selected Asian countries in order to place the Chinese case in a wider perspective. Furthermore, in view of the possibility that China ＇s first demographic dividend will turn negative in 2014, we offer insight into how and to what extent China ＂s labor market needs to adjust and how much labor income must increase for the first demographic dividend to remain positive up to year 2050. For this goal to be achieved, the labor income age profile needs to be shifted to a considerable extent. We conduct an exercise in which the 2007peak labor income age of 32 years is shifted to 40years. In the case of the elderly, this implies an annual labor income growth of 3.1 percent over the period of 39 years. Throughout this paper, we draw on a variety of computed results derived from the Chinese component of the global ＂National Transfer Accounts＂ project.

关键词： consumption first demographic dividend labor income support ratio total dependency ratio

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