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Epidemiological, Clinical Aspects and Factors Associated with Typical Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in the General Population of Parakou, Republic of Benin

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第2期14卷 41-58页

作者： Saké Khadidjatou Tamou Sambo Bio Elie Zinsou Jocelyne Abla Dovonou Comlan Albert sehonou jean Kodjoh Nicolas Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Department of Surgery and Surgical Specialties Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Teaching and Research Unit of Gastroenterology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a benign and chronic disease that can impair the quality of life. Objective: To study the epidemiological, clinical aspects and factors associated with typical GERD in the general population of Parakou in the Republic of Benin. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection which took place from May 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019. The study population consisted of any subject aged at least 15 years and living in Parakou. Subjects aged at least 15 years, present on the day of the survey and having given their free and informed verbal consent were included. The Short form of QRS®(Reflux-Qual Short form) questionnaire and the “Hospital Anxiety and Depression” score were used to assess the quality of life and anxiety/depression, respectively. The sampling was probabilistic through a 2-stage cluster sampling. The variable of interest was the presence of GERD. Results: Out of 390 subjects surveyed, 28 had symptoms of typical GERD, representing a prevalence of 7.18%. The average age of these subjects was 27.11 ± 7.88 years. Fifteen subjects (53.57%) were male, giving a sex ratio of 1.15. Fourteen (50%) had a secondary level of education, 12 (42.86%) were pupils/students, 18 (64.29%) were single. The monthly income of 22 subjects (78.57%) was lower than the guaranteed interprofessional minimum wage (40,000 FCFA). The average duration of progression of symptoms was 15.89 ± 4.97 months. Symptoms occurred less than twice a week in 22 subjects (78.57%). The clinical manifestations were both diurnal and nocturnal in 12 subjects (42.86%). None of the 28 subjects with GERD had clinical warning signs. Asthma, diabetes, consumption of high fat or spice foods, carbonated drinks, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, alcoholic beverages and tobacco were statistically associated with the occurrence of GERD. Each of the 28 subjects had at least one associated factor. A significant i

关键词： Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Epidemiology General Population Associated Factors Quality of Life Parakou

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Ultrasound Diameter of the Portal Vein to Healthy Adult in Parakou (Benin)

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2021年第4期11卷 145-152页

作者： Djivèdé Akanni Khadidjatou Sake Alassan Miralda Kiki Babylas Djohoun Kofi-Mensa Savi de Tove jean sehonou Medical Imaging Department Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Hepato Gastro Enterology Department Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Hepato Gastro Enterology Department Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin

Introduction: The portal vein (PVD) diameter is one of the predictive variables of portal hypertension. This diameter can differ according to the population. The objective of this study was to determine the PVD in a healthy adult population in Parakou using ultrasonography. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the medical imaging department of the Borgou and Alibori University-affiliated Hospitals in Parakou from July 1st to October 1st, 2019. The study population consisted of 201 healthy adults. The ultrasound diameter of the portal vein was measured at the level of the hepatic hilum on a cross-sectional epigastric view and on an oblique intercostal view. An association was sought between the PVD and sociodemographic and anthropometric factors. Results: The mean age was 28.97 ± 10.56 years and the sex ratio (M/F) was 0.79. The mean PVD in regular breathing (FB) was 9.83 ± 0.95 mm with a 95% confidence interval of [9.70;9.97], a 95th percentile of 11.49 mm with extremes of 7.50 mm and 12.23 mm. PVD was correlated with age, sex, weight, height and abdominal girth. After multiple linear regressions (r = 0.19), there was correlation between the PVD in normal breathing with age (p = 0.0090), weight (p = 0.0026), body mass index (p = 0.0171) and body surface (p = 0.004). Conclusion: A PVD greater in normal adults is less than 12 mm and seems to be correlated to the subject age, weight, body mass index and body surface. A more than 13 mm PVD should lead to the suspicion of portal vein hypertension in adults in our populations.

关键词： Portal Vein Ultrasound Portal Vein Hypertension Parakou

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Effectiveness and Safety of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Patients Treated for Hepatitis B in the National University Hospital of Cotonou

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第6期8卷 213-222页

作者： jean sehonou Aboudou Raimi Kpossou Samuel Guido Comlan N’dehougbea Martin Sokpon Koffi Rodolph Vignon Jacques Vigan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National University Hospital Center-Hubert Koutoukou Maga(CNHU-HKM)of CotonouCotonouBenin Department of Nephrology-Hemodialysis CNHU-HKM of CotonouCotonouBenin

Introduction: Viral hepatitis B (VHB) is a serious and global public health issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where it is endemic. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in the treatment of chronic VHB in Cotonou. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with a retrospective collection of data from January 1st, 2015 to December 31st, 2016 (24 months) and prospective from May to August 2017 (4 months). Chronic VHB patients treated with TDF for at least 6 months were included. The non-detectability of HBV DNA and the normalization of aminotransferases defined the virological and biochemical responses, respectively. The evaluation of the treatment response on liver fibrosis was done by using APRI score. Renal impairment was assessed by a reduction in glomerular filtration rate according to MDRD (Modifications of the Diet in Renal Disease) formula below 90 mL/min/1.73 m2. Results: In all, 42 patients treated with TDF were included. The average age was 46.7 ± 13.8 years. The study population was predominantly male with a sex ratio of 2.5. Among the 42 patients treated with TDF for an average of 60 weeks (24 to 96 weeks), 36 patients (85.7%) had a virological response;21 patients (50%) had a biochemical response. Virologic response was 70% at week 24 (W24), 92.6% at W48, 87.5% at W72 and 100% at W96 without significant difference between W24 and W48;between W48 and W72 then between W72 and W96. There was a regression of fibrosis and cirrhosis but not significantly. Renal involvement occurred in 3 out of 19 cases (15.8%) including a case of chronic end stage renal failure and 2 cases of mild chronic renal failure. Conclusion: The treatment with TDF is effective and globally safe in our patients with chronic viral hepatitis B in Cotonou.

关键词： Chronic Viral Hepatitis B Tenofovir Efficacy Safety Cotonou

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Functional Constipation in the General Population in Cotonou:Prevalence and Associated Socio-Demographic Factors

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第9期8卷 306-316页

作者： jean sehonou Aboudou Raimi Kpossou Comlan N’dehougbea Martin Sokpon Hugues Cataria Colette Azandjeme Koffi Rodolph Vignon Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National University Hospital Center-Hubert Koutoukou Maga(CNHU-HKM)CotonouBenin Regional Institute of Public Health(IRSP) OuidahBenin

Background: Constipation is considered rare in sub-Saharan Africa because of the high fiber content of the local diet. However, certain factors could intervene in this pathology. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of constipation in the general population in Cotonou and to determine the associated socio-demographic factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study conducted from July to August 2017 in 7 districts of the township of Cotonou, according to a cluster sampling. We included anyone over the age of 15 living in the city of Cotonou for at least 6 months. Constipation was either self-reported or functional (meeting the Rome IV criteria). Results: A total of 1058 participants were included: 574 men (sex ratio of 1.2), mean age of 29 years [range 15 - 92]. Self-reported constipation was noted in 512 patients (48.5%). It was functional in 256 cases (24.2%). In the latter category, there was a predominance of women (138, 53.9%), of secondary education (46.5%), of self-employed professionals (50.4%), from the Ouémé-Plateau (41.8%). Were associated with the occurrence of functional constipation (univariate analysis), age ≥ 60 years (p = 0.049), female gender (p = 0.003), and subjects living alone (166, 64.8%) vs. those living in a relationship (90, 35.2%, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Constipation was not as rare in Cotonou. It was more common in women, subjects over 60 years old or living alone.

关键词： Constipation General Population Prevalence Associated Factors Cotonou

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Updated Review on the Panorama of Liver Diseases in Benin

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第1期13卷 33-42页

作者： jean sehonou Aboudou Raïmi Kpossou Celia Rosemonde Ablavi Mouzouvi Comlan N’déhougbèa Martin Sokpon Rodolph Koffi Vignon Hepato-Gastroenterology Department National and University Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga (CNHU-HKM) Cotonou Benin Republic Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Republic Galenic Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory Pharmacy Teaching and Research Unit Faculty of Health Sciences Cotonou Benin Republic

Introduction: The aim of this work was to take stock of the epidemiological aspects of liver diseases in Benin. Methods: Two methods were used: documentary research and collection of the position of gastroenterologists on the subject. For the literature search, the sources interviewed were Medline, African Journal On Line (AJOL), Google and Google scholar. Additional searches were made on the websites of European gastroenterology societies (AFEF, EASL). A collection of the opinions of gastroenterologists, most of them members of the Beninese Society of Hepato-gastroenterology was made. Results: From a nosological point of view, the most frequent and serious liver diseases in Benin are mainly infectious: viral hepatitis B and C (9.9% and 4.12% of the general population in 2013). Bacterial liver diseases (ascites fluid infections and tuberculosis of the liver) come in 3rd position after cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Amoebic abscesses of the liver tend to regress. The toxic causes are dominated, in addition to alcoholic liver diseases (steatosis, cirrhosis), by drug lesions: two fatal cases of hepatotoxicity by artesunate-amodiaquine combination and asymptomatic and transient cytolysis in 23.8% of 63 children less than 5 years old treated with arthemether-lumefantrine combination have been described. Phytotherapy, alone or in combination with modern drugs, can in some cases be hepatotoxic. Plants with recognized medicinal virtues (may be harmful to the liver (Senna, Moringa oleifera, tamarind). Chronic aflatoxicoses secondary to the consumption of contaminated food (maize, cassava or peanuts) are relatively under-documented. Overload diseases (in particular alcoholic or non-alcoholic fatty liver) are on the increase (3.19% of 662 ultrasounds in 1995 against 14.5% of 411 in 2011 in Cotonou) partly due to the demographic and nutritional transition underway in Benin. These diseases, often blamed on spells cast, lead to hospital deaths from cirrhosis or hepatocel

关键词： Viral Hepatitis Drug-Induced Hepatitis Benin Viral Hepatitis Toxic Hepatitis

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Seroprevalence, Importance of Rapid Testing and Factors Associated with HBsAg Carriage in Pregnancy in Three Referral Maternity Hospitals in Mono (Benin), in 2020

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第9期13卷 279-298页

作者： Aboudou Raïmi Kpossou Djima Patrice Dangbemey Véronique Mèdessè Tognifodé Barnard Acakpo jean sehonou Josiane Angeline Tonato Bagnan Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Republic of Benin Hepato-Gastroenterology Department National and University Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga (CNHU-HKM) Cotonou Repub-lic of Benin Obstetrics Gynecology Department Lagune Mother-Child University Hospital Center (CHU MEL) Cotonou Republic of Benin

Introduction Difficulties in accessing the screening test for viral hepatitis B in maternity wards could be a factor in underestimating the prevalence of anti-HBV antibodies. The rapid diagnostic orientation test (RDOT) could improve seroprevalence and obstetrical prognosis. The aim of this study was to use the rapid diagnostic orientation test (RDOT) to determine the seroprevalence of HBs antigen carriage in pregnant women while highlighting the associated factors. Methods This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study that took place from October to December 2020 (three months) in three (03) reference maternities in western Benin (Mono). Consenting pregnant women received in prenatal consultation had been screened by RDOT. Positive cases were confirmed by ELISA test. The follow-up of these cases made it possible to establish the obstetrical prognosis. Results Of 201 women studied, 11 (5.5%) were positive for RDOT HBV and confirmed by the ELISA test. The factors associated with HBsAg carriage during pregnancy were multiple sexual partnerships (p = 0.01), female circumcision (p = 0.0001), and ignorance of prior HBV serological status (p = 0.0001). No influence of hepatitis B on pregnancy was noted. Conclusion The seroprevalence of hepatitis B in pregnancy was intermediate in the reference maternities of western Benin. The associated factors were multiple sexual partnerships, female circumcision and unawareness of prior HBV status. Free RDOT in maternity wards would improve early detection and management of viral hepatitis B in pregnancy.

关键词： Hepatitis B Seroprevalence Associated Factors Rapid Test Benin

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Haemorrhoidal Disease in Cotonou: Epidemiological, Clinical and Anuscopic Aspects

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第7期5卷 77-82页

作者： jean sehonou Finangnon Armand Wanvoegbe Aboudou Raimi Kpossou Kouessi Anthelme Agbodande Roméo Dah-Bolinon Angèle Azon-Kouanou Marcel Zannou Fabien Houngbe Unit of Internal Medicine in the National Teaching Hospital“HKM” CotonouBenin Internal Medicine Unit Departmental Hospital of Oueme Plateau of Porto-NovoPorto-NovoBenin Unit of Hepato-Gastroenterology of the Hospital Menontin CotonouBenin

The haemorrhoidal disease is a very common disorder in proctology. It is favoured by many factors. Although benign, its treatment is difficult. Our aim is to study the epidemiological, clinical and anuscopic of haemorrhoidal disease. This was a cross sectional, descriptive and prospective study covering a three-month period from 06 January 2014 to 10 April 2014. It involved patients seen in gastroenterology consultation in internal medicine of the National Teaching Hospital of Cotonou and in the digestive diseases Unit of the Hospital of Menontin. We recorded 182 patients including 57 cases of haemorrhoidal disease, a prevalence of 31.3%. The sex ratio was 1.10. The average age was 43 years with extremes of 18 and 88 years. Anal events were dominated by rectal bleeding (54.4%) with a predominance of internal haemorrhoidal disease (87.7%). Stage 2 evolution of the disease was the most represented (65.4%). Haemorrhoidal disease is a common disorder seen mainly in actively producing people (young adult) with a male predominance.

关键词： Haemorrhoidal Disease Anal Event Cotonou

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Endoscopic Aspects of Caustic Injuries of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract in Parakou, Benin Republic: A Multicenter Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第10期11卷 15-24页

作者： Saké Khadidjatou Fanou Coffi Dénis Agbeille Mohamed Falilatou Hountondji Astrid Alexandrine Tamou Sambo Bio Elie Tchaou Blaise Adélin sehonou jean Kodjoh Nicolas Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Military Teaching Hospital-Regional Teaching Hospital of Parakou Parakou Benin Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin

Objective: Caustic ingestion is a medico-surgical emergency. The objective of this study is to describe endoscopic lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract secondary to caustic ingestion in Parakou, Benin Republic. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective and descriptive cross-sectional study. The study was multicenter in the gastrointestinal endoscopy units of the Teaching Hospital Center of Borgou-Alibori and the Military Teaching Hospital of Parakou. It covered the period from July 2015 to October 2021. This included any patient who ingested a caustic substance and performed a gastroscopy in one of the two endoscopy units. The variables studied were: socio-demographic data, the nature of the caustic substance ingested, the time between the caustic ingestion and the performance of gastroscopy and injuries of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Results: Out of the 24 patients included, 19 were men, i.e. a sex ratio of 3.8. Their average age was 25.54 ± 12.04 years with extremes of 6 and 50 years. Five subjects (20.83%) were under the age of 18 and the ingestion was accidental in them. Among the 19 patients aged at least 18 years, caustic ingestion was voluntary in 14 (73.68%). The caustic substance ingested was either a base (sodium hydroxide or caustic soda) or an acid (sulfuric acid) in 14 cases (58.33%) and 10 cases (41.67%), respectively. The time between the caustic ingestion and the performance of gastroscopy varied from 1 to 1095 days. The endoscopic lesions objectified were: stenosis (37.5%), ulcerations (29.17%), necrosis (20.83%), or erythema (12.25%). Conclusion: In Parakou, caustic ingestion, usually bases, is often voluntary in adult men. Endoscopic lesions were often ulcerative but sometimes necrotic.

关键词： Caustic Injuries Bases Acids Endoscopy Parakou

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Indications and Findings of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in Elderly Patients in Parakou, Republic of Benin

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第12期13卷 411-419页

作者： Khadidjatou Sake Dénis Coffi Fanou Euloge Houndonougbo Marie-Claire Balle Astrid Alexandrine Hountondji Aboudou Raïmi Kpossou Luc Valère Codjo Brun jean sehonou Nicolas Kodjoh Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit Military Hospital—Teaching Hospital of Parakou Parakou Benin Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit Saint Jean de Dieu Hospital of Tanguiéta Tanguiéta Benin Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

Introduction: Elderly people are considered fragile and at greater risk of having malignant gastrointestinal tumors. The objective of this work was to report the reasons for performing gastrointestinal endoscopy and the lesions found during the endoscopy of this target population in Parakou. Patients and Study Methods: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study with a retrospective collection of data from January 2016 to December 2017, then from January 2020 to December 2021. It took place in the Regional Teaching Hospital of Borgou-Alibori in Parakou and in the private gastrointestinal endoscopy center of Parakou (Northern Gastrointestinal Exploration Center). All patients aged at least 60 years who had undergone an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy during the study period were included. The variables studied were: the sex, age, indications for the examination, endoscopic lesions and data from the anatomo-pathological examination. Results: In total, out of 1540 upper gastrointestinal endoscopies performed during the study period, 249 (16.17%) involved patients aged 60 years and over. The sex ratio was 1.26. The main indication for the examination was epigastric pain (123 cases, i.e. 49.40%) followed by vomiting (53 cases, i.e. 21.29%). In terms of lesions, non-tumorous gastropathy came first in the stomach (206 cases, i.e. 82.73%) while esophageal lesions were dominated by esophageal candidiasis and cardial incompetence (39 cases, i.e. 15.66% in each of the two situations). In the duodenum, ulcer was noted in 30 patients (12.05%). In 38 patients, 12 (31.58%) were tested positive for Helicobacter pylori infection. Cancers of the gastrointestinal tract were confirmed in 11 patients (4.42%). Conclusion: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy remains an excellent examination for the exploration of the upper gastrointestinal tract. In Parakou, epigastric pain represents the main indication for this examination in subjects over 60 years of age. Inflammatory or ulcerated n

关键词： Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Elderly Subjects Inflammatory Gastropa-thy Candidiasis Cancer Parakou

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Clinical and Etiological Profile of Ascites in the Departmental University Hospital of Porto-Novo

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第7期7卷 197-205页

作者： jean sehonou Finangnon Armand Wanvoegbe Aboudou Raimi Kpossou Kouessi Anthelme Agbodande Josiane Dossou Angelo Attinsounon Adebayo Alassani Angèle Azon-Kouanou Albert Dovonou Marcel Zannou Fabien Houngbe Hepato-Gastroenterology Department HKM University HospitalCotonouBenin Internal Medicine Department Departmental University HospitalPorto-NovoBenin Internal Medicine Department HKM University HospitalCotonouBenin

Aim: To determine the frequency, the clinical and etiological aspects of ascites in the Internal Medicine Division of the University Hospital of Porto-Novo. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study with a descriptive focus covering the period from January 16 to August 31, 2015. It covered patients hospitalized for ascites in Internal Medicine Department at the Departmental University Hospital of Porto-Novo during the study period. Data were collected on a survey sheet and entered by Excel and analyzed with SPSS. The Chisquare test was used for statistical analysis and a significance threshold of 5% was retained. Results: Of the 511 hospitalized patients during the study period, 61 (11.9%) had ascites. The mean age was 49.6 ± 13.6 years with extremes of 19 years and 80 years. There was a male predominance with a sex ratio of 2.05. Ascites were often type III (34 patients, 55.7%), or type II (22 patients, 36.1%). The frequent signs were hepatomegaly (65.6%), splenomegaly (45.9%), pelvic limb edema (44.3%), and abdominal collateral venous circulation (39.3%). The macroscopic appearance of the ascites fluid was dominated by citrin yellow (82%), followed by hazy (11.5%). The hematic appearance was found in 6.5% of the cases. Hepatic cirrhosis was the most frequent etiology (34.4%) followed by overall heart failure (21.0%). Hepatocellular carcinoma was found in 16% of cases and nephrotic syndrome in 10% of cases. Conclusion: The etiological diversity of ascites, found in our study, imposes a careful clinical and paraclinical approach.

关键词： Ascites Etiology Porto-Novo Benin

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