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An overview of biomass solid fuels:Biomass sources,processing methods,and morphological and microstructural properties

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2023年第4期8卷 333-360页

作者： segun e.ibitoye Rasheedat M.Mahamood Tien-Chien Jen Chanchal Loha esther T.Akinlabi Department of Mechanical engineering Science Faculty of Engineering and the Built EnvironmentUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland Park2006524South Africa Department of Mechanical engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of IlorinIlorin P.M.B.1515Nigeria energy Research and Technology Group CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research InstituteWest BengalDurgapur-713209India Department of Mechanical and Construction engineering Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle NE18STUnited Kingdom

Biomass solid fuel(BSF)has emerged as a promising renewable energy source,but its morphological and microstructural properties are crucial in determining their physical,mechanical,and chemical *** paper provides an overview of recent research on *** focus is on biomass sources,BSF processing methods,and morphological and microstructural properties,with a special emphasis on energy-related *** inclusion and exclusion criteria were established for the study to ensure *** inclusion criteria encompassed studies about BSFs and studies investigating the influence of biomass sources and processing methods on the morphological and microstructural properties of solid fuels within the past five *** technologies for converting biomass into usable energy were discussed,including gasification,torrefaction,carbonization,hydrothermal carbonization(HTC),and *** has advantages and disadvantages in energy performance,techno-economics,and climate *** is efficient but requires high *** produces bio-oil,char,and gases based on feedstock *** generates low-cost biochar for solid fuels and carbon sequestration *** increases energy density for co-firing with *** processes wet biomass efficiently with lower energy *** treatment affects BSF durability and strength,often leading to less durability due to voids and gaps between *** carbonization alters surface morphology,creating cavities,pores,and distinctive *** pyrolysis generates biochar with better morphological properties,while fast pyrolysis yields biochar with lower porosity and surface *** constitutes 67%of the biomass sources utilized for bioenergy generation,followed by wood residues(5%),agro-residues(4%),municipal solid wastes(3%),energy crops(3%),livestock wastes(3%),and forest residues(1%).each source has advantages and drawbacks,such as avail

关键词： Biomass feedstock Microstructural property Morphological property Renewable energy Thermal treatment

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Biohydrogen production and its bioeconomic impact:a review

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable energy 2022年第3期4卷 219-230页

作者： Kanika Dulta Adedapo O.Adeola segun e.Ashaolu Titilope I.Banji Joshua O.Ighalo Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology Shoolini UniversitySolan-173229Himachal PradeshIndia Department of Chemical Sciences Adekunle Ajasin UniversityAkungba-AkokoOndo StateNigeria Department of Chemical Sciences University of JohannesburgDoornfontein2028South Africa Department of Chemical engineering Ladoke Akintola University of TechnologyP.M.B.4000OgbomosoNigeria Department of Mechanical engineering University of IbadanP.M.B.3017IbadanNigeria Department of Chemical engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityP.M.B.5025AwkaNigeria Department of Chemical engineering University of IlorinP.M.B.1515IlorinNigeria

The production of biohydrogen from biological processes is cleaner and more sustainable than that of fossil fuel-based *** drive for cleaner and sustainable energy sources is an important facet of the *** on these findings,this paper aimed to examine the significance and impact of biohydrogen on the *** bioprocessing strategies are primarily biophotolysis,fermentation and bio-electrolytic *** that biological processes are slow compared to other thermochemical production processes,production volumes cannot match that of the *** inherently slow nature of biochemical reactions taking place in living organisms is a challenge that puts biohydrogen at a *** processes are also very sensitive to temperature and pH,thereby requiring more intricate process monitoring and *** obtain equivalent volumes of biohydrogen compared to production strategies,larger and more intricate facilities would be needed,implying more cost *** is surmised that biohydrogen will continue to play an important role in the drive for a sustainable bioeconomy despite the current challenges it faces.

关键词： Biohydrogen Bioeconomy energy Sustainable development Microalgae

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Time Series Analysis on Reported Cases of Tuberculosis in Minna Niger State Nigeria

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Open Journal of Statistics 2020年第3期10卷 412-430页

作者： Samuel Olayemi Olanrewaju emmanuel Oluwatosin Ojo emmanuel segun Oguntade Department of Statistics University of Abuja Abuja Nigeria Department of Statistics Federal University of Technology Minna Niger State Nigeria

Predicting the trend of non-seasonal data is a difficult task in Social Science. In this research work, we used time series analysis of 144 observations on monthly basis for record of reported cases of tuberculosis patients in Minna General Hospital, Niger State from the period of 2007-2018. exploratory Data Analysis (eDA: Time Plot and Descriptive Statistics), Stationarity Test (ADF), Trend estimation (Tt), Normality Test, and Forecast evaluation were carried out. The Augmented Dickey Fuller test for stationarity was conducted and the result revealed that the series are not stationary but became stationary after first difference. The correlogram established that the ARIMA (2, 1, 3) was the best model this was further confirmed from the result of L-jung Box. Equation for ARIMA (2, 1, 3) was given as Xt + 0.6867Xt-1 – 0.8859Xt-2 = Et + 1.3077Et-1 - 1.2328E

关键词： Tuberculosis Infectious Vaccine Stationarity White Noise Process Stochastic Process Gaussian Process

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Petrography and geochemistry of exported Colombian coals:Implications from correlation and regression analyses

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energy Geoscience 2021年第3期2卷 201-210页

作者： segun A.Akinyemi Ferney Bohorquez Nazrul Islam Binoy K.Saikia Carlos H.Sampaio Tito J.Crissien Luis F.O.Silva environmental Remediation&Geopollution Group Department of GeologyFaculty of ScienceEkiti State University Ado EkitiP.M.B.5363Ado EkitiNigeria Department of Civil and environmental engineering Universidad de La CostaCalle 58#55-66.080002BarranquillaAtlanticoColombia Coal and energy Group Materials Science&Technology DivisionCSIR-North East Institute of Science&TechnologyJorhat785006India Departament D’enginyeriaMinera Industrial I TICSerra Húnter ProfUniversitatPolitecnica de Catalunya Barcelona TechAv.Bases de Manresa 61e63Manresa08242BarcelonaSpain

The petrology of coal,as determined by the microscopic analysis of organic and inorganic elemental constituents of coal,provides information on its nature and *** is used worldwide in the production of thermal energy and *** the case of high-quality Colombian coals,only limited studies have been carried *** present study presents the geochemical,mineralogical,and petrological characteristics of coal samples collected from Puerto Drummond in Cienaga,Colombia,to predict their potential ***,the ultimate,proximate,petrographic,gross calorific value(GCV),ash fusion temperature,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray fluorescence(XRF),and Thermogravimetric(TG)analyses were employed in this *** petrological analysis reveals that Colombian coals are naturally more abundant in vitrinite(72%)than inertinite(14e23%)*** and aluminosilicate are the main minerals present as fine particles mixed with *** XRD and FTIR analyses show that the most common and dominant minerals are quartz,while gypsum,hematite,calcite and mica occur in lesser *** oxide composition of the coal ashes consists of 51e58%SiO2 and 18e25%Al2O3 as determined by XRF *** correlation and regression analysis,the moisture content shows a reverse correlation with GCV(Regression value of R2¼0.68).This study helps researchers to comprehend the importance of Colombian coals and presents various techniques for characterisation of coals.

关键词： Coal characterisation Geochemistry Mineralogy Coal petrology Colombia

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Geochemical,mineralogical,and petrological characteristics of the Cretaceous coal from the middle Benue Trough Basin,Nigeria:Implication for coal depositional environments

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energy Geoscience 2022年第3期3卷 300-313页

作者： segun A.Akinyemi James C.Hower Henry Y.Madukwe Bemgba B.Nyakuma Mohammed B.Nasirudeen Timileyin A.Olanipekun Rabelani Mudzielwana Mugera W.Gitari Luis F.O.Silva Department of Geology Faculty of ScienceEkiti State UniversityP.M.B 5363Ado EkitiEkiti StateNigeria energy Environmental and Nanosciences GroupDepartment of GeologyEkiti State UniversityP.M.B 5363Ado-EkitiEkiti StateNigeria University of Kentucky Centre for Applied Energy Research2540 ResearchPark DriveLexingtonKY40511USA Department of earth&environmental Sciences University of KentuckyLexingtonKY40506USA Department of Chemistry Faculty of SciencesBenue State UniversityP.M.B.102119MakurdiBenue StateNigeria Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceFederal University of LafiaP.M.B.146LafiaNasarawa StateNigeria Institute of earth and environmental Sciences Albert Ludwigs Universitat FreiburgAlbert Straße 23-B79104Freiburg Breisgau Germany Department of ecology and Resources Management University of VendaPrivate BagX5050Thohoyandou0950LimpopoSouth Africa Department of Civil and environmental Universidad de la CostaCalle 58#55-66080002BarranquillaAtlanticoColombia

The Benue Trough Basin (BTB) of Nigeria is geologically and geo-morphologically subdivided into upper,middle, and lower segments. The BTB is the subject of geological research due to its rich coal depositsthat have the potential for oil and gas. The purpose of the present study is to examine the origins,depositional environments, and thermal history of the selected coals and the processes that influencetheir quality. Coal samples from different open cast coal mines in the middle BTB were examined usingproximate and ultimate, x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray fluorescence (XRF), laser ablation induced coupledplasma (LA-ICPMS), and petrographical analyses. The coal samples contained mainly quartz, kaolinite,and organic carbon. The XRD spectra peaks revealed the triclinic and monoclinic structure of kaolin. TheSiO2/Al2O3 ratios confirmed the dominance of quartz and kaolinite. The Ni/Co versus V/Cr, Cu/Zn, and V/Mo values in the studied coals suggest oxic depositional environments, whereas the V/(Ni þ V) and V/(V þ Cr) values indicate oxic to suboxic conditions. The Ce/Ce* values are slightly below 1, which indicates a suboxic depositional environment. Maceral texture is indicative of transformations from subbituminous to high volatile C or B bituminous coal. The maceral components and mineral matter(10%) of the studied coals imply deposition in the planar margin mire, and a river system of planarmargin mire environments, respectively. The high gelification index (GI) and tissue preservation index(TPI) values indicate peat accumulation developed within a wet forest swamp. The ternary diagram ofthe maceral component suggests deposition in a wet moor environment with intermittent moderate tohigh flooding episodes. The studied coals are sub-hydrous vitrinite inferring hydrogen-poor and thermally immature characteristics. The low V and Ni contents, low H/C and high O/C, indicate Type IIIterrestrial organic matter with the potential to generate gaseous hydrocarbons. The investi

关键词： Coal Maceral Trace elements Mineralogy Depositional environments

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Genetic variation and cryptic lineage diversity of the Nigerian red-headed rock agama Agama agama associate with eco-geographic zones

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Current Zoology 2019年第6期65卷 713-724页

作者： Lotanna M.NNeJI Adeniyi C.ADeOLA Fang YAN Agboola O.OKeYOYIN Ojo C.OLADIPO Yohanna SAIDU Dinatu SAMUeL Ifeanyi C.NNeJI Akindele O.ADeYI Abiodun B.ONADeKO Temidayo e.OLAGUNJU Olatunde OMOTOSO segun O.OLADIPO Oluyinka A.IYIOLA John Y.USONGO Timothy AUTA Abbas D.USMAN Halima ABDULLAHI Odion O.IKHIMIUKOR Wei-Wei ZHOU Jie-Qiong JIN Obih A.UGWUMBA Adiaha A.A.UGWUMBA Min-Sheng PeNG Robert W.MURPHY Jing CHe State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China National Park Service Headquarters Federal Capital TerritoryAbuja 900001Nigeria Old Oyo National Park Oyo State 211242Nigeria Gashaka Gumti National Park SertiTaraba State 663101Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences University of AbujaFCTAbuja 902101Nigeria Department of Zoology University of IbadanIbadanOyo State 200284Nigeria Department of Zoology University of LagosLagos 100213Nigeria Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology Kwara State UniversityMaleteKwara State 241104Nigeria Department of Zoology Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of llorinllorinKwara State 240103Nigeria Department of Zoology Modibbo Adama University of TechnologyYola 640101Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences Federal University Dutsin-MaKatsina State 821Nigeria Department of Biology Kashim Ibrahim College of EducationMaiduguriBorno State 600230Nigeria Department of Microbiology University of IbadanIbadanOyo State 200284Nigeria Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntarioCanada M5S 2C6

Nigeria is an Afrotropical region with considerable ecological heterogeneity and levels of biotic *** its vertebrate fauna,reptiles have broad distributions,thus,they constitute a compelling system for assessing the impact of ecological variation and geographic isolation on species *** red-headed rock agama,Agama agama,lives in a wide range of habitats and,thus,it may show genetic structuring and ***,we tested the hypothesis that ecology affects its genetic structure and population *** inference phylogenetic analysis of a mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)gene recovered four well-supported matrilines with strong evidence of genetic structuring consistent with eco-geographic *** differences among populations based on the mtDNA also correlated with geographic distance. The ecologicalniche model for the matrilines had a good fit and robust performance. Population divergence alongthe environmental axes was associated with climatic conditions, and temperature ranked highestamong all environmental variables for forest specialists, while precipitation ranked highest for theforest/derived savanna, and savanna specialists. Our results cannot reject the hypothesis that nicheconservatism promotes geographic isolation of the western populations of Nigerian A. ***, ecological gradients and geographic isolation impact the genetic structure and population divergenceof the lizards. This species might be facing threats due to recent habitat fragmentation,especially in western Nigeria. Conservation actions appear necessary.

关键词： Agama agama ecological speciation genogeography Nigeria population divergence vegetation

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