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Deterministic epidemic model for (SVC_(Sy)C_(Asy)IR) pneumonia dynamics, with vaccination and temporal immunity

Infectious Disease Modelling 2020年第1期5卷 42-60页

作者： Dominic Otoo Patrick Opoku sebil charles Asekiya Prince Kingsley Department of Mathematics&Statistics School of ScienceUniversity of Energy&Natural ResourcesSunyaniGhana Department of Mathematics Faculty of Physical and Computational ScienceCollege of ScienceKwame Nkrumah University of Science&TechnologyKumasiGhana

Streptococcus pneumonia is one of the leading causes of mobility and mortality in children under 6 years and the elderly especially in developing countries in which Ghana,the study area is not an exception.In this paper,a model of the spread and control of bacterial pneumonia that include symptomatic carriers,asymptomatic carriers and vaccination is formulated and analyzed to determine the effect of the vaccination intervention.Analysis of the system show that the disease free equilibrium is stable if and only if the basic reproductive number R0<1.For R01,the endemic equilibrium is globally stable and the disease persist.Numerical simulation on the system show that with effective vaccine intervention pneumonia infection can be eradicated in the long term.

关键词： Asymptomatic carriers Morbidity Mortality Pneumonia Symptomatic carriers Vaccination

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Analysis of Listeriosis Transmission Dynamics with Optimal Control

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Applied Mathematics 2020年第7期11卷 712-737页

作者： Shaibu Osman Dominic Otoo charles sebil Department of Basic Sciences School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Department of Mathematics Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Private Mail Bag Kumasi Ghana

Listeriosis is an illness caused by the germ Listeria monocytogenes. Generally, humans are infected with listeriosis after eating contaminated food. Listeriosis mostly affects people with weakened immune systems, pregnant women and newborns. In this paper, a model describing the dynamics of Listeriosis is developed and analysed using ordinary differential equations. The model was analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively for its local and global stability, basic reproductive number and parameter contributions to the basic reproductive number to understand the impact of each parameter on the disease spread. The Listeriosis model has been extended to include time dependent control variables such as treatment of both humans and animals, vaccination and education of humans. Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle was introduced to obtain the best optimal control strategies required for curbing Listeriosis infections. Numerical simulation was performed and the results displayed graphically and discussed. Cost effectiveness analysis was conducted using the intervention averted ratio (IAR) concepts and it was revealed that the most effective intervention strategy is the treatment of infected humans and animals.

关键词： Listeriosis Model Basic Reproductive Number Optimal Control Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle Cost Effectiveness

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Probabilistic Distance, Capacity Clustering Location Model of a Semi-Obnoxious Facility, a Real Case of Tafo, Kumasi, Ghana

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American Journal of Operations Research 2019年第3期9卷 146-160页

作者： Dominic Otoo charles sebil Justice Amenyo Kessie Ernest Larbi Department of Mathematics & Statistics University of Energy & Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Department of Mathematics & Statistics Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Mathematics & Statistics Catholic University College of Ghana Sunyani Ghana

The collection of solid waste from third class communities in most devel-oping countries is by skip containers, however, the location of these facilities has been done arbitrary without any mathematical considerations as to the number of customers the facility is serving, the distance one has to travel to access it and thereby making some of these residences to dump their refuse in gutters, streams and even burn them. In this paper we proposed an improved probabilistic distance, capacity clustering location model which takes into consideration the weight of solid waste from a customer and the capacity of the skip container to locate the skip container to serve a required number of customers based on the capacity constraint of the container. The model was applied on a real world situation and compared with the existing practice in terms of average distance customers had to travel to access the facility. Our results gave a well shorter average travel distance by customers, gave a number of skip containers needed in an area based on their waste generation per capita.

关键词： Probabilistic Facility Location Capacity Solid Waste Skip Container Clustering

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