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Gate-controlled supercurrent effect in dry-etched Dayem bridges of non-centrosymmetric niobium rhenium

Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6575-6581页

作者： Jennifer Koch Carla Cirillo sebastiano battisti Leon Ruf Zahra Makhdoumi Kakhaki Alessandro Paghi Armen Gulian Serafim Teknowijoyo Giorgio De Simoni Francesco Giazotto Carmine Attanasio Elke Scheer Angelo Di Bernardo Department of Physics University of KonstanzUniversitätsstraße 1078464 KonstanzGermany CNR-Spin c/o Universitàdegli Studi di Salernovia Giovanni Paolo II 13284084 Fisciano(SA)Italy NEST Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale SuperiorePiazza San Silvestro 1256127 PisaItaly Dipartimento di Fisica“E.R.Caianiello” Universitàdegli Studi di SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II 13284084 Fisciano(SA)Italy Advanced Physics Laboratory Institute for Quantum StudiesChapman UniversityBurtonsvilleMD 20866USA

The application of a gate voltage to control the superconducting current flowing through a nanoscale superconducting constriction,named as gate-controlled supercurrent(GCS),has raised great interest for fundamental and technological *** gain a deeper understanding of this effect and develop superconducting technologies based on it,the material and physical parameters crucial for the GCS effect must be ***-down fabrication protocols should also be optimized to increase device scalability,although studies suggest that top-down fabricated devices are more resilient to show a ***,we investigate gated superconducting nanobridges made with a top-down fabrication process from thin films of the noncentrosymmetric superconductor niobium rhenium with varying ratios of the constituents(NbRe).Unlike other devices previously reported and made with a top-down approach,our NbRe devices systematically exhibit a GCS effect when they were fabricated from NbRe thin films with small grain size and etched in specific *** observations pave the way for the realization of top-down-made GCS devices with high *** results also imply that physical parameters like structural disorder and surface physical properties of the nanobridges,which can be in turn modified by the fabrication process,are crucial for a GCS observation,providing therefore also important insights into the physics underlying the GCS effect.

关键词： superconductivity non-centrosymmetric superconductors superconducting devices gated devices gate-controlled supercurrent top-down fabrication

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The interplay between non-esterified fatty acids and bovine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: results of an in vitro hybrid approach

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第1期12卷 292-304页

作者： sebastiano Busato Massimo Bionaz Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA

Background: In dairy cows circulating non-esterified fatty acids(NEFA) increase early post-partum while liver and other tissues undergo adaptation to greater lipid metabolism, mainly regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPAR). PPAR are activated by fatty acids(FA), but it remains to be demonstrated that circulating NEFA or dietary FA activate bovine PPAR. We hypothesized that circulating NEFA and dietary FA activate PPAR in dairy ***: The dose-response activation of PPAR by NEFA or dietary FA was assessed using HP300 e digital dispenser and luciferase reporter in several bovine cell types. Cells were treated with blood plasma isolated from Jersey cows before and after parturition, NEFA isolated from the blood plasma, FA released from lipoproteins using milk lipoprotein lipase(LPL), and palmitic acid(C16:0). Effect on each PPAR isotype was assessed using specific synthetic ***: NEFA isolated from blood serum activate PPAR linearly up to ~ 4-fold at 400 μmol/L in MAC-T cells but had cytotoxic effect. Addition of albumin to the culture media decreases cytotoxic effects of NEFA but also PPAR activation by ~ 2-fold. Treating cells with serum from peripartum cows reveals that much of the PPAR activation can be explained by the amount of NEFA in the serum(R~2 = 0.91) and that the response to serum NEFA follows a quadratic tendency, with peak activation around 1.4 mmol/L. Analysis of PPAR activation by serum in MAC-T, BFH-12 and BPAEC cells revealed that most of the activation is explained by the activity of PPARδ and PPARγ, but not PPARα. Palmitic acid activated PPAR when added in culture media or blood serum but the activation was limited to PPARδ and PPARα and the response was nil in serum from post-partum cows. The addition of LPL to the serum increased > 1.5-fold PPAR ***: Our results support dose-dependent activation of PPAR by circulating NEFA in bovine, specifically δand γ isotypes. Data also support the

关键词： Albumin Blood serum Bovine Gene reporter Hepatocytes Lipoprotein lipase Mammary cells Non-esterified fatty acids Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor

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Geomechanical design of a room and rib pillar granite mine

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2008年第2期15卷 97-103页

作者： Daniele Peila Claudia Guardini sebastiano Pelizza Tunnelling Underground Space Center Department of EnvironmentLand and Geotechnology Engineering Politecnico di Torino Tunnelling Underground Space Center Department of EnvironmentLand and Geotechnology EngineeringPolitecnico di TorinoTorinoItaly

The geomechanical and stability design of an underground granite mine located in Canal San Bovo （Trento district, Northeastern Italy） was described. The exploitation of the granite, which is used in the ceramic industry, was carried out by the rooms and rib pillars method. The rooms are 12 m wide while the pillars are 11 m wide and they cross the main discontinuity set of the rock mass in the perpendicular direction. To verify the stability condition of an underground mine, it is necessary to carry out the calcula- tions that are able to check both the local and global stability of the rock mass. In the studied example, this approach has been applied with the development of analytical and numerical parametric analyses and it has permitted to get the best orientation and to design the size of rooms and pillars.

关键词： mining room and pillar rock mechanics stability analysis

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Spontaneous fungal peritonitis: Epidemiology, current evidence and future prospective

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第34期22卷 7742-7747页

作者： Marco Fiore sebastiano Leone Department of Anesthesiological Surgical and Emergency SciencesSecond University of Naples Division of Infectious Diseases "San Giuseppe Moscati" Hospital

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a complication of ascitic patients with end-stage liver disease(ESLD); spontaneous fungal peritonitis(SFP) is a complication of ESLD less known and described. ESLD is associated to immunodepression and the resulting increased susceptibility to infections. Recent perspectives of the management of the critically ill patient with ESLD do not specify the rate of isolation of fungi in critically ill patients,not even the antifungals used for the prophylaxis,neither optimal treatment. We reviewed,in order to focus the epidemiology,characteristics,and,considering the high mortality rate of SFP,the use of optimal empirical antifungal therapy the current literature.

关键词： Cirrhosis Critically ill patient Spontaneous fungal peritonitis Life-threatening infections Fungal ascitis Nosocomial spontaneous peritonitis

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Maize response to nitrogen and phosphorus starter fertilisation in mineral-fertilised or manured systems

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The Crop Journal 2023年第3期11卷 922-932页

作者： Michela battisti Barbara Moretti Massimo Blandino Carlo Grignani Laura Zavattaro Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TurinLargo Braccini 2Grugliasco 10095TOItaly Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinLargo Braccini 2Grugliasco 10095TOItaly

Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for maize production,but in temperate areas the P uptake during early growing stages can be limited due to low soil temperature,even though the soil was tested high in *** objective of this study was to assess the effects of nitrogen and phosphorous(NP)starter fertilisation during early growth stages and its carryover until maize harvest,in mineral-fertilised or manured systems.A field experiment was carried out in north-west Italy during the 2019 and 2020 growing *** trial compared sub-surface placement of NP(diammonium phosphate)or N alone(ammonium nitrate)in bands close to the maize seed furrows,in differing long-term(LT)fertilisation managements:two doses of urea(Min-L and Min-H),two doses of bovine slurry(Slu-L and Slu-H)or two doses of farmyard manure(Fym-L and Fym-H).The two rates,low(L)and high(H),corresponded to 170 and250 kg N ha^(-1)year^(-1) *** to N fertilisation,NP starter fertilisation improved early maize growth assessed by leaf area index(LAI)and shoot dry weight(SDW)in all *** effects differed between the two years(2019:LAI+63%,SDW+67%;2020:LAI+36%,SDW+38%),as 2019was cool during the first *** LAI and SDW values were confirmed at crop flowering in the mineral-fertilised systems *** shoot growth was enhanced by NP starter fertilisation,anthesis occurred 1 day earlier in all ***,a response to NP starter fertilisation at harvest was recorded in mineral-fertilised systems only(+1.3 and+3.2 t ha^(-1) in Min-L and Min-H,respectively).The uptake of P,used as a true indicator of soil nutrient availability,increased with increasing soil Olsen P until 39 mg kg^(-1).These results suggest that soil test thresholds should be revised for points above which P fertilisation should be suspended.

关键词： Long-term fertilisation Farmyard manure Bovine slurry Urea Diammonium phosphate

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Some stability results for a model of Hepatitis C including alanine aminotransferase and immune system

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2020年第8期13卷 157-185页

作者： Salvo Danilo Lombardo sebastiano Lombardo CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Lazarettgasse 14AKH BT 25.3 A-1090 ViennaAustria Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Catania(Ret.) 95125CataniaItaly

In clinical practice,many cirrhosis scores based on alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels *** the most recent direct acting antivirals(DAAs)reduce fibrosis and ALT levels,the Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is not always *** this paper,we study a mathematical model of the HCV virus,which takes into account the role of the immune system,to investigate the ALT behavior during *** find five equilibrium points and analyze their stability.A sufficient condition for global asymptotical stability of the infeetion-free equilibrium is obtained and local asymptotical stability conditions are given for the immune-free infection and cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTL)response *** stability of the infection equilibrium with the full immune response is numerically performed.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus(HCV) direct antiviral agents(DAAs) ordinary differential equations(ODEs) equilibria stability basic reproduction number

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Tree colonization by the Asian longhorn beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis （Coleoptera： Cerambycidae）： effect of habitat and tree suitability

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Insect Science 2016年第2期23卷 288-296页

作者： Massimo Faccoli Riccardo Favaro Giuseppe Concheri Andrea Squartini Andrea battisti Department of Agronomy Food Natural resources Animals and Environment (DAFNAE) University of Padova Legnaro (PD) Italy

Tree colonization and feeding activity of the invasive wood-borer Asian longhorn beetle （Anoplophora glabripennis）, an Asian pest introduced into North America and Europe, was studied in a newly invaded area in Italy. The hypothesis be- ing tested was that the reproductive success of the insect depend on habitat type and tree suitability. Adult beetles were caged on branches of host and nonhost species, in both urban and forest habitats. Two months later, number and size of feeding patches on plant tissues, eggs laid, and surviving larvae were assessed. Bark concentration of C and N was also measured from the same trees. Results indicated that the mean area of plant tissues consumed by adult feeding was significantly larger on trees growing in forest than in urban habitat, although within the same habitat there were no differences between susceptible and nonsusceptible trees. ALB tree colonization, in terms of number of eggs laid and young larvae survival, was not affected by habitat while it was higher on susceptible trees. Although trees growing in forests had a lower nitrogen concentration, they allowed colo- nization rates similar to those of trees growing in the urban habitat. Hence, the amount of carbon and nitrogen did not fully explain tree suitability or habitat selection. We suggest compensatory feeding as a potential mechanism that might explain this peculiar situation, as supported by a more intensive feeding activity recorded on trees in the forest. Suitability of different trees may be due to other factors, such as secondary chemical compounds.

关键词： Asian longhorn beetle performance breeding feeding forest nonhost urban

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Weighted individual-resource networks in prey–predator systems: the role of prey availability on the emergence of modular structures

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 115-127页

作者： Andrea COSTA Antonio ROMANO Giacomo ROSA sebastiano SALVIDIO Department of Earth Environment and Life Sciences(DISTAV)University of GenovaGenovaItaly Italian National Research Council(CNR) Agriculture and Food Sciences Department(IBE)Institute of Bioeconomy–BiologyRomaRMItaly

Ecological networks,usually depicting interactions among species,have been recently down-scaled to the individual level,permitting description of patterns of inter-individual resource variation that are usually hindered at the species *** diet theory(ODT)models,applied to prey–predator systems,predict different patterns of nestedness and modularity in the network,depending on the available resources and intra-specific *** effect of resource availability on the emergence of networks structures,and ODT framework,has not yet fully been ***,we analyzed the structural patterns of individual-resource networks in 3 species of Mediterranean salamanders,in relation to changes in prey *** used weighted individual-resource network metrics to interpret the observed patterns,according to 3 ODT *** found significant nestedness recurring in our study system,indicating that both selective and opportunistic individuals occur in the same *** diversity,rather than abundance,was apparently related to inter-individual resource variation and promoted the emergence of significant modularity within all *** observed patterns of nestedness and modularity,together with the variation in resource diversity and intra-specific competition,are in agreement with the distinct preferences model of *** findings suggest that in the focal prey–predator systems,individuals were able to perceive changes in prey diversity and to exploit in different ways the variations in composition of available resources,shifting their diet assembly rules *** findings also confirm that the use of weighted individual-resource networks,in prey–predator systems,allows to disclose dynamics that are masked at the species or population level.

关键词： inter-individual resource variation network-analysis optimal diet theory prey availability salamanders

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GIS tools for preliminary debris-flow assessment at regional scale

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第12期14卷 2498-2510页

作者： cavalli marco crema stefano trevisani sebastiano marchi lorenzo consiglio nazionale delle ricerche istituto di ricerca per la protezione idrogeologicaCorso Stati Uniti 435127 PadovaItaly universitàdi padova dipartimento territorio e sistemi agro-forestaliVia dell’Universita 1635020 Legnaro(PD)Italy universitàiuav di venezia dipartimento di architettura costruzione conservazioneDorsoduro 220630123 VeneziaItaly

The assessment of the areas endangered by debris flows is a major issue in the context of mountain watershed management. Depending on the scale of analysis, different methods are required for the assessment of the areas exposed to debris *** 2-D numerical models are advised for detailed mapping of inundation areas on individual alluvial fans, preliminary recognition of hazard areas at the regional scale can be adequately performed by less data-demanding methods, which enable priority ranking of channels and alluvial fans at risk by debris flows. This contribution focuses on a simple and fast procedure that has been implemented for regionalscale identification of debris-flow prone channels and prioritization of the related alluvial fans. The methodology is based on the analysis of morphometric parameters derived from Digital Elevation Models(DEMs). Potential initiation sites of debris flows are identified as the DEM cells that exceed a threshold of slope-dependent contributing area. Channel reaches corresponding to debris flows propagation, deceleration and stopping conditions are derived from thresholds of local slope. An analysis of longitudinal profiles is used for the computation of the runout distance of debris flows. Information on erosion-resistant bedrock channels and sediment availability surveyed in the field are taken into account in the applications. A set of software tools was developed and made available(https://***/Hydrogeomorphology Tools) to facilitate the application of the procedure. This approach, which has been extensively validated by means of field checks, has been extensively applied in the eastern Italian Alps. This contribution discusses potential and limitations of the method in the frame of the management of small mountain watersheds.

关键词： Debris flow Geographic information system Digital elevation models Runout Alluvial fan Watershed management Geomorphometry

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Advances in fatty acids nutrition in dairy cows: from gut to cells and effects on performance

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第1期12卷 1-36页

作者： Massimo Bionaz Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez sebastiano Busato Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenGrønnegårdsvej 3DK-1870 Frederiksberg CDenmark.

High producing dairy cows generally receive in the diet up to 5–6% of fat. This is a relatively low amount of fat in the diet compared to diets in monogastrics;however, dietary fat is important for dairy cows as demonstrated by the benefits of supplementing cows with various fatty acids(FA). Several FA are highly bioactive, especially by affecting the transcriptome;thus, they have nutrigenomic effects. In the present review, we provide an up-to-date understanding of the utilization of FA by dairy cows including the main processes affecting FA in the rumen,molecular aspects of the absorption of FA by the gut, synthesis, secretion, and utilization of chylomicrons;uptake and metabolism of FA by peripheral tissues, with a main emphasis on the liver, and main transcription factors regulated by FA. Most of the advances in FA utilization by rumen microorganisms and intestinal absorption of FA in dairy cows were made before the end of the last century with little information generated afterwards. However,large advances on the molecular aspects of intestinal absorption and cellular uptake of FA were made on monogastric species in the last 20 years. We provide a model of FA utilization in dairy cows by using information generated in monogastrics and enriching it with data produced in dairy cows. We also reviewed the latest studies on the effects of dietary FA on milk yield, milk fatty acid composition, reproduction, and health in dairy cows. The reviewed data revealed a complex picture with the FA being active in each step of the way, starting from influencing rumen microbiota, regulating intestinal absorption, and affecting cellular uptake and utilization by peripheral tissues, making prediction on in vivo nutrigenomic effects of FA challenging.

关键词： Absorption Dairy cow Dietary fatty acids Intestine Liver Metabolism Performance Transcription factors Transport

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