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Load dependent microstructural evolution in an as-cast 26%Cr high chromium cast iron during unlubricated sliding

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Friction 2022年第8期10卷 1258-1275页

作者： U.Pranav NAYAK sebastian SUÁREZ Valentin PESNEL Frank MÜCKLICH María Agustina GUITAR Department of Materials Science Saarland UniversitySaarbrücken 66123Germany Materials Engineering Center Saarland Saarbrücken 66123Germany Ecole Européenne d’ingénieurs en Génie des Matériaux Universitéde LorraineNancy 54000France

In the current study,an as-cast 26%Cr high chromium cast iron(HCCI)alloy was subjected to dry-sliding linear wear tests,under different *** loads were selected based on analytically computing the critical load(PC)i.e.,the load necessary to induce plastic *** PC was calculated to be 15 N and accordingly,a sub-critical load(5 N)and an over-critical load(20 N)were *** influence of increasing the load during the wear test was investigated in terms of the matrix microstructural behaviour and its ability to support the surrounding *** morphological aspects of the wear tracks,and the deformed matrix microstructure adjacent and underneath the track was analysed by confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM)and scanning electron microscope(SEM),*** evidence of plastic deformation of the matrix was observed below *** the contrary,at loads equal to and higher than PC,the austenitic matrix plastically deformed as evidenced by the presence of slip *** backscattered diffraction(EBSD)measurements in terms of grain reference orientation deviation,and micro-Vickers hardness of the austenitic matrix indicated a deformation depth of about 40μm at the maximum applied load of 20 *** active wear mechanisms during sliding were a combination of both adhesive and abrasive wear,although increasing the load shifted the dominant mechanism towards *** was primarily attributable to the increased propensity for carbide cracking and fracturing,combined with the inability of the hardened austenitic matrix surface and sub-surface to adequately support the broken carbide ***,the shift in the dominant wear mechanism was also reflected in the wear volume and subsequently,the wear rate.

关键词： high chromium cast iron unlubricated sliding plastic deformation wear resistance carbide spallation matrix hardness

Chemogenetic and Optogenetic Manipulations of Microglia in Chronic Pain

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第3期39卷 368-378页

作者： sebastian Parusel Min-Hee Yi Christine L.Hunt Long-Jun Wu Department of Neurology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience Maastricht UniversityMaastricht MD6200The Netherlands Department of Pain Medicine Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224USA Department of Neuroscience Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224USA Department of Immunology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA

Chronic pain relief remains an unmet medical *** research points to a substantial contribution of glia-neuron interaction in its ***,microglia play a crucial role in the development of chronic *** better understand the microglial contribution to chronic pain,specific regional and temporal manipulations of microglia are ***,two new approaches have emerged that meet these *** tools allow the expression of designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs(DREADDs)specifically in ***,optogenetic tools allow for microglial manipulation via the activation of artificially expressed,light-sensitive ***-and optogenetic manipulations of microglia in vivo are powerful in interrogating microglial function in chronic *** review summarizes these emerging tools in studying the role of microglia in chronic pain and highlights their potential applications in microglia-related neurological disorders.

关键词： Chronic pain Microglia Optogenetics Chemogenetics DREADDs ReaChR

A Novel Full-Euler Low Mach Number IMEX Splitting

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Communications in Computational Physics 2020年第1期27卷 292-320页

作者： Jonas Zeifang Jochen Schutz klaus Kaiser Andrea Beck Maria Lukacova-Medvid’ova sebastian Noelle IAG Universiẗat StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 21DE-70569 StuttgartGermany Faculty of Sciences Hasselt UniversityAgoralaan Gebouw DBE-3590 DiepenbeekBelgium IGPM RWTH Aachen UniversityTemplergraben 55DE-52062 AachenGermany Institut f̈ur Mathematik Johannes Gutenberg-Universiẗat MainzStaudingerweg 9DE-55128 MainzGermany

In this paper,we introduce an extension of a splitting method for singularly perturbed equations,the socalled RS-IMEX splitting[Kaiser et al.,Journal of Scientific Computing,70(3),1390–1407],to deal with the fully compressible Euler *** straightforward application of the splitting yields sub-equations that are,due to the occurrence of complex eigenvalues,not hyperbolic.A modification,slightly changing the convective flux,is introduced that overcomes this *** is shown that the splitting gives rise to a discretization that respects the low-Mach number limit of the Euler equations;numerical results using finite volume and discontinuous Galerkin schemes show the potential of the discretization.

关键词： Euler equations low-Mach IMEX Runge-Kutta RS-IMEX

Applications of Burr Ⅲ-Weibull quantile function in reliability analysis

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Statistical Theory and Related Fields 2023年第4期7卷 296-308页

作者： G.S.Deepthy Nicy sebastian N.Chandra Department of Statistics St.Thomas College(Autonomous)Thrissur affiliated to University of CalicutKeralaIndia Department of Statistics Ramanujan School of Mathematical SciencesPondicherry UniversityPuducherryIndia

This paper introduces a new family of distributions defined in terms of quantile *** quantile function introduced here is the sum of quantile functions of life time distributions called Burr Ⅲ and *** distributional characteristics and reliability properties are included in the *** of Least Square and Method of L-moments are applied to estimate the parameters of the *** real life data sets are used to illustrate the performance of the model.

关键词： Weibull distribution Burr III distribution quantile density function quantile function hazard quantile function L-moments

Use of machine learning algorithms to assess the state of rockburst hazard in underground coal mine openings

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第3期14卷 703-713页

作者： Lukasz Wojtecki sebastian Iwaszenko Derek B.Apel Mirosawa Bukowska Janusz Makówka Central Mining Institute Katowice40-166Poland School of Mining and Petroleum Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonT6G 2R3Canada

The risk of rockbursts is one of the main threats in hard coal mines. Compared to other underground mines, the number of factors contributing to the rockburst at underground coal mines is much *** such as the coal seam tendency to rockbursts, the thickness of the coal seam, and the stress level in the seam have to be considered, but also the entire coal seam-surrounding rock system has to be evaluated when trying to predict the rockbursts. However, in hard coal mines, there are stroke or stress-stroke rockbursts in which the fracture of a thick layer of sandstone plays an essential role in predicting rockbursts. The occurrence of rockbursts in coal mines is complex, and their prediction is even more difficult than in other mines. In recent years, the interest in machine learning algorithms for solving complex nonlinear problems has increased, which also applies to geosciences. This study attempts to use machine learning algorithms, i.e. neural network, decision tree, random forest, gradient boosting, and extreme gradient boosting(XGB), to assess the rockburst hazard of an active hard coal mine in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. The rock mass bursting tendency index WTGthat describes the tendency of the seam-surrounding rock system to rockbursts and the anomaly of the vertical stress component were applied for this purpose. Especially, the decision tree and neural network models were proved to be effective in correctly distinguishing rockbursts from tremors, after which the excavation was not damaged. On average, these models correctly classified about 80% of the rockbursts in the testing datasets.

关键词： Hard coal mining Rockburst hazard Machine learning algorithms

FAIREST:A Framework for Assessing Research Repositories

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Data Intelligence 2023年第1期5卷 202-241页

作者： Mathieu d'Aquin Fabian Kirstein Daniela Oliveira Sonja Schimmler sebastian Urbanek LORIA Universitéde LorraineCNRSINRIA 54506Vandoeuvre-les-NancyFrance Fraunhofer FOKUS 10589 BerlinGermany Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society 10623 BerlinGermany LaSIGE Faculdade de CieciasUniversidade de Lisboa1749-016 LisboaPortugal

The open science movement has gained significant momentum within the last few *** comes along with the need to store and share research artefacts,such as publications and research *** this purpose,research repositories need to be established.A variety of solutions exist for implementing such repositories,covering diverse features,ranging from custom depositing workflows to social media-like *** this article,we introduce the FAIREST principles,a framework inspired by the well-known FAIR principles,but designed to provide a set of metrics for assessing and selecting solutions for creating digital repositories for research *** goal is to support decision makers in choosing such a solution when planning for a repository,especially at an institutional *** metrics included are therefore based on two pillars:(1)an analysis of established features and functionalities,drawn from existing dedicated,general purpose and commonly used solutions,and(2)a literature review on general requirements for digital repositories for research artefacts and related *** further describe an assessment of 11 widespread solutions,with the goal to provide an overview of the current landscape of research data repository solutions,identifying gaps and research challenges to be addressed.

关键词： research repositories FAIR principles open access research data

A survey of image-based computational learning techniques for frost detection in plants

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2023年第2期10卷 164-191页

作者： Sayma Shammi Ferdous Sohel Dean Diepeveen sebastian Zander Michael G.K.Jones Discipline of Information Technology Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Centre for Crop and Food Innovation Food Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development Western AustraliaSouth PerthWA 6151Australia

Frost damage is one of the major concerns for crop growers as it can impact the growth of the plants and hence,*** detection of frost can help farmers mitigating its *** the past,frost detection was a manual or visual ***-based techniques are increasingly being used to understand frost development in plants and automatic assessment of damage resulting from *** research presents a comprehensive survey of the state-of the-art methods applied to detect and analyse frost stress in *** identify three broad computational learning approaches i.e.,statistical,traditional machine learning and deep learning,applied to images to detect and analyse frost in *** propose a novel taxonomy to classify the existing studies based on several *** taxonomy has been developed to classify the major characteristics of a significant body of published *** this survey,we profile 80 relevant papers based on the proposed *** thoroughly analyse and discuss the techniques used in the various approaches,i.e.,data acquisition,data preparation,feature extraction,computational learning,and *** summarise the current challenges and discuss the opportunities for future research and development in this area including in-field advanced artificial intelligence systems for real-time frost monitoring.

关键词： Frost Cold stress Machine learning Image analysis Crop Plant

Laser diode stacks:pulsed light power for nuclear fusion

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2016年第2期4卷 29-36页

作者： Martin Wlz Agnieszka Pietrzak Alex Kindsvater Jens Meusel klaus Stolberg Ralf Hlsewede Jrgen sebastian Valentin Loyo-Maldonado Jenoptik Laser GmbH Jenoptik Diode Lab GmbH

Laser drivers are an enabling factor to inertial confinement fusion, because laser diodes must be used instead of flash lamps. We discuss the limitations of laser diode arrays and show what steps the industry is taking. The pump power requirements of large-scale projects such as LIFE or Hi PER are within reach of semiconductor laser diode *** light output powers per laser bars have been around 300 W per bar, as in the Jenoptik 940 nm bars previously used for pumping the Yb:YAG slabs in the Di POLE project. By redesigning the semiconductor laser structures 500 W per bar is now commercially available for 808, 880 and 940 nm pump wavelengths. The construction of one inertial fusion power plant will require an amount of semiconductor laser chips in excess of the current annual production by two orders of magnitude. This adds to the engineering task of improving the device characteristics a challenge to production *** the industry benefits from the recent boost in solid-state lighting that acts as a technology driver, cooperation between manufacturers will be imperative, and to this end we propose standardization efforts.

关键词： diode pumped DPSSL high-energy class IFE inertial fusion energy laser diode solid-state-laser

Complex peptide natural products: Biosynthetic principles, challenges and opportunities for pathway engineering

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第1期7卷 631-647页

作者： sebastian L.Wenski Sirinthra Thiengmag Eric J.N.Helfrich Institute for Molecular Bio Science Goethe University Frankfurt60438Frankfurt am MainGermany LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics(TBG) 60325Frankfurt am MainGermany

Complex peptide natural products exhibit diverse biological functions and a wide range of physico-chemical *** a result,many peptides have entered the clinics for various *** main routes for the biosynthesis of complex peptides have evolved in nature:ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide(RiPP)biosynthetic pathways and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases(NRPSs).Insights into both bioorthogonal peptide biosynthetic strategies led to the establishment of universal principles for each of the two *** universal rules can be leveraged for the targeted identification of novel peptide biosynthetic blueprints in genome sequences and used for the rational engineering of biosynthetic pathways to produce non-natural *** this review,we contrast the key principles of both biosynthetic routes and compare the different biochemical strategies to install the most frequently encountered peptide *** addition,the influence of the fundamentally different biosynthetic principles on past,current and future engineering ap-proaches is *** the different biosynthetic principles of both peptide biosynthetic routes,the arsenal of characterized peptide modifications encountered in RiPP and NRPS systems is largely *** continuous expansion of the biocatalytic toolbox of peptide modifying enzymes for both routes paves the way towards the production of complex tailor-made peptides and opens up the possibility to produce NRPS-derived peptides using the ribosomal route and vice versa.

关键词： Peptide natural products Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides Biosynthesis Modification Engineering