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A Systematic Analysis of Systems Approach and Flood Risk Management Research:Trends,Gaps,and Opportunities

International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 45-57页

作者： Lum Sonita Awah Johanes Amate Belle Yong sebastian Nyam Israel Ropo Orimoloye Disaster Management Training and Education Centre for Africa University of the Free StateBloemfontein 9300South Africa School of Environment Geographyand SustainabilityWestern Michigan UniversityKalamazooMI 49008USA

Flooding is a global threat,necessitating a comprehensive management *** to the complexity of managing flood hazards and risks,researchers have advocated for holistic,comprehensive,and integrated *** study,employing a systems thinking perspective,assessed global flood risk management research trends,gaps,and opportunities using132 published documents in BibTeX format.A systematic review of downloaded documents from the Scopus and Web of Science databases revealed slow progress of approximately 11.61% annual growth in applying systems thinking and its concomitant approaches to understanding global flood risk management over the past two decades compared to other fields like water resource management and business management systems.A significant gap exists in the application of systems thinking methodologies to flood risk management research between developed and developing countries,particularly in Africa,highlighting the urgency of reoriented research and policy *** application gaps of the study methodology are linked to challenges outlined in existing literature,such as issues related to technical expertise and resource *** study advocates a shift from linear to holistic approaches in flood risk management,aligned with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2023 and the Sustainable Development *** among researchers,institutions,and countries is essential to address this global challenge effectively.

关键词： Flood risk management research Gaps and opportunities Global trends in flood research Systematic review.Systems thinking

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Optical probing of ultrafast laser-induced solid-to-overdense-plasma transitions

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 973-984页

作者： Yasmina Azamoum Georg Alexander Becker sebastian Keppler Guillaume Duchateau Stefan Skupin Mickael Grech Fabrice Catoire sebastian Hell Issa Tamer Marco Hornung Marco Hellwing Alexander Kessler Franck Schorcht Malte Christoph Kaluza GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany. Helmholtz Institute Jena Fröbelstieg 307743 JenaGermany. Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics Friedrich-SchillerUniversität JenaMax-Wien-Platz 107743 JenaGermany. CEA-CESTA 15 Avenue des SablièresCS6000133116 Le BarpCedexFrance Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306-CNRSUniversitéde Lyon 169622 VilleurbanneFrance. LULI CNRSCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance. Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA CELIAUMR 5107 TalenceFrance

Understanding the solid target dynamics resulting from the interaction with an ultrashort laser pulse is a challenging fundamental multi-physics problem involving atomic and solid-state physics,plasma physics,and laser *** of the initial interplay of the underlying processes is essential to many applications ranging from lowpower laser regimes like laser-induced ablation to high-power laser regimes like laser-driven ion *** the properties of the so-called pre-plasma formed as the laser pulse’s rising edge ionizes the target is complicated from the theoretical and experimental point of view,and many aspects of this laser-induced transition from solid to overdense plasma over picosecond timescales are still open *** the one hand,laser-driven ion acceleration requires precise control of the pre-plasma because the efficiency of the acceleration process crucially depends on the target properties at the arrival of the relativistic intensity peak of the *** the other hand,efficient laser ablation requires,for example,preventing the so-called“plasma shielding”.By capturing the dynamics of the initial stage of the interaction,we report on a detailed visualization of the pre-plasma formation and ***-thin diamond-like carbon foils are shown to transition from solid to plasma during the laser rising edge with intensities<10^(16)W/cm^(2).Single-shot near-infrared probe transmission measurements evidence sub-picosecond dynamics of an expanding plasma with densities above 10^(23)cm^(−3)(about 100 times the critical plasma density).The complementarity of a solid-state interaction model and kinetic plasma description provides deep insight into the interplay of initial ionization,collisions,and expansion.

关键词： laser acceleration solid

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Numerical study of novel OME1-6 combustion mechanism and spray combustion at changed ambient environments

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第4期18卷 483-505页

作者： Frederik WIESMANN Zeyan QIU Dong HAN Lukas STRAUβ sebastian RIEβ Michael WENSING Thomas LAUER Institute of Powertrains and Automotive Technology TU Wien1060 ViennaAustria Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Professorship for Fluid Systems Technology Friedrich-AlexanderUniversität Erlangen-Nürnberg91058 ErlangenGermany

For a climate-neutral future mobility,the socalled e-fuels can play an essential ***,oxygenated e-fuels containing oxygen in their chemical formula have the additional potential to burn with significantly lower soot *** particular,polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers or oxymethylene ethers(PODEs or OMEs)do not contain carbon-carbon bonds,prohibiting the production of soot precursors like acetylene(C2H2).These properties make OMEs a highly interesting candidate for future climate-neutral compression-ignition ***,to fully leverage their potential,the auto-ignition process,flame propagation,and mixing regimes of the combustion need to be *** achieve this,efficient oxidation mechanisms suitable for computational fluid dynamics(CFD)calculations must be developed and *** present work aims to highlight the improvements made by developing an adapted oxidation mechanism for OME1-6 and introducing it into a validated spray combustion CFD model for *** simulations were conducted for single-and multi-injection patterns,changing ambient temperatures,and oxygen *** results were validated against high-pressure and high-temperature constantpressure chamber ****-chemiluminescence measurements accomplished the characterization of the auto-ignition *** experiments and simulations were conducted for two different *** improvements concerning the prediction of the ignition delay time were accomplished while also retaining an excellent agreement for the flame lift-off *** spatial zones of high-temperature reaction activity were also affected by the adaption of the reaction *** showed a greater tendency to form OH*radicals within the center of the spray in accordance with the experiments.

关键词： oxygenated fuels reaction kinetics oxidation mechanisms computational fluid dynamics(CFD) oxymethylene ethers(OME) e-fuels multiinjection spray-combustion

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Arctic Sea Ice Variations in the First Half of the 20th Century:A New Reconstruction Based on Hydrometeorological Data

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1483-1495,1686-1693页

作者： Vladimir A.SEMENOV Tatiana A.ALDONINA Fei LI Noel sebastian KEENLYSIDE Lin WANG A.M.Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS Moscow 119017Russia Institute of Geography RAS Moscow 119017Russia Geophysical Institute University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate ResearchBergen 5007Norway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center Bergen 5007Norway Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The shrinking Arctic sea-ice area(SIA) in recent decades is a striking manifestation of the ongoing climate *** of the Arctic sea ice have been continuously observed by satellites since 1979, relatively well monitored since the 1950s, but are highly uncertain in the earlier period due to a lack of observations. Several reconstructions of the historical gridded sea-ice concentration(SIC) data were recently presented based on synthesized regional sea-ice observations or by applying a hybrid model–empirical approach. Here, we present an SIC reconstruction for the period1901–2019 based on established co-variability between SIC and surface air temperature, sea surface temperature, and sea level pressure patterns. The reconstructed sea-ice data for March and September are compared to the frequently used Had ISST1.1 and SIBT1850 datasets. Our reconstruction shows a large decrease in SIA from the 1920 to 1940 concurrent with the Early 20th Century Warming event in the Arctic. Such a negative SIA anomaly is absent in Had ISST1.1 data. The amplitude of the SIA anomaly reaches about 0.8 mln km^(2) in March and 1.5 mln km^(2) in September. The anomaly is about three times stronger than that in the SIBT1850 dataset. The larger decrease in SIA in September is largely due to the stronger SIC reduction in the western sector of the Arctic Ocean in the 70°–80°N latitudinal zone. Our reconstruction provides gridded monthly data that can be used as boundary conditions for atmospheric reanalyses and model experiments to study the Arctic climate for the first half of the 20th century.

关键词： Arctic sea ice Arctic climate early 20th century warming climate variability

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Breeding phase and outcome determine space use in European rollers Coracias garrulus prior to migration

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 137-149页

作者： Flavio Monti Sanja Barisic sebastian Cannarella Davor Cikovic Vesna Tutis JelenaKralj Carlo Catoni aUniversity of Siena Department of Physical SciencesEarth and EnvironmentVia Mattioli 453100 SienaItaly Institute of Ornithology Croatian Academy of Sciences and ArtsGunduliceva 24HR-1000 ZagrebCroatia Ornis italica Piazza Crati 1500199 RomeItaly

The breeding period is a demanding and time-constrained phase for migratory bird *** outcome and duration can interact with the extent and duration of post-breeding movements,resulting in individual differences in space use ultimately influencing later stages of the annual *** present space-use and home range estimates during the breeding season for 21 European rollers Coracias garrulus tracked between 2018 and 2022,in Italy and *** high-resolution spatial GPS data coupled with regular nest-box monitoring,we analyzed dif-ferences in space use during the incubation/nestling period versus post-breeding period prior to migration,accounting for the breeding outcome(successful ***).We found that adult movements were strongly reduced during the first phase,whereas increased in the post-breeding phase,especially for failed *** breeders remained in the surroundings of the nest site,whereas unsuccessful ones tended to abandon the nest and visit distant areas(up to 500 km)for long periods(60.5±6.2 days).Breeding outcome did not influence the departure date of autumn migration,suggesting that failed breeders used this period for exploratory movements but not for advancing the onset of *** exploratory movements may be functional to prospect and inform settlement decisions in failed breeders in search of new breeding opportunities and may be particularly important in migratory species,which generally have a limited period to gather information prior to autumn *** study demonstrates the need to investigate seasonal movements in different populations and the potential importance of pros-pectingpost-breeding movements for long-distance migratory species.

关键词： animal movement biologging conservation Coracidae Mediterranean nest-box population monitoring prospecting movements reproduction.

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Ab initio density response and local field factor of warm dense hydrogen

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 48-67页

作者： Tobias Dornheim sebastian Schwalbe Panagiotis Tolias Maximilian P.Böhme Zhandos A.Moldabekov Jan Vorberger Center for Advanced Systems Understanding(CASUS) D-02826 GörlitzGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf(HZDR) D-01328 DresdenGermany Space and Plasma Physics Royal Institute of Technology(KTH)Stockholm SE-10044Sweden Technische Universität Dresden D-01062 DresdenGermany

We present quasi-exact ab initio path integral Monte Carlo(PIMC)results for the partial static density responses and local field factors of hydrogen in the warm dense matter regime,from solid density conditions to the strongly compressed *** full dynamic treatment of electrons and protons on the same footing allows us to rigorously quantify both electronic and ionic exchange–correlation effects in the system,and to compare the results with those of earlier incomplete models such as the archetypal uniform electron gas or electrons in a fixed ion snapshot potential that do not take into account the interplay between the two *** full electronic density response is highly sensitive to electronic localization around the ions,and our results constitute unambiguous predictions for upcoming X-ray Thomson scattering experiments with hydrogen jets and fusion *** PIMC results are made freely available and can be used directly for a gamut of applications,including inertial confinement fusion calculations and the modeling of dense astrophysical ***,they constitute invaluable benchmark data for approximate but computationally less demanding approaches such as density functional theory or PIMC within the fixed-node approximation.

关键词： local incomplete rigorous

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Chiral forces in longitudinally invariant dielectric photonic waveguides

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 431-443页

作者： JOSEP MARTÍNEZ-ROMEU IAGO DIEZ sebastian GOLAT FRANCISCO J.RODRÍGUEZ-FORTUÑO ALEJANDRO MARTÍNEZ Nanophotonics Technology Center Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaValencia 46022Spain Department of Physics King’s College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUK

We calculate numerically the optical chiral forces in rectangular cross-section dielectric waveguides for potential enantiomer *** study considers force strength and time needed for separating chiral nanoparticles,mainly via quasi-TE guided modes at short wavelengths(405 nm)and the 90°-phase-shifted combination of quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes at longer wavelengths(1310 nm).Particle tracking simulations show successful enantiomer separation within two *** results suggest the feasibility of enantiomeric separation of nanoparticles displaying sufficient chirality using simple silicon photonic integrated circuits,with wavelength selection based on the nanoparticle size.

关键词： dielectric forces quasi

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A decomposition of light’s spin angular momentum density

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1578-1589页

作者： Alex J.Vernon sebastian Golat Claire Rigouzzo Eugene A.Lim Francisco J.Rodríguez-Fortuño Department of Physics King’s College LondonStrandLondon WC2R 2LSUK London Centre for Nanotechnology LondonUK

Light carries intrinsic spin angular momentum(SAM)when the electric or magnetic field vector rotates over time.A familiar vector equation calculates the direction of light’s SAM density using the right-hand rule with reference to the electric and magnetic polarisation *** Maxwell’s equations,this vector equation can be decomposed into a sum of two distinct terms,akin to the well-known Poynting vector decomposition into orbital and spin *** present the first general study of this spin decomposition,showing that the two terms,which we call canonical and Poynting spin,are chiral analogies to the canonical and spin momenta of light in its interaction with *** canonical momentum,canonical spin is directly *** canonical and Poynting spin incorporate spatial variation of the electric and magnetic fields and are influenced by optical *** decomposition allows us to show that a linearly polarised vortex beam,which has no total SAM,can nevertheless exert longitudinal chiral pressure due to equal and opposite canonical and Poynting spins.

关键词： canonical momentum angular

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Highly-sensitive wafer-scale transfer-free graphene MEMS condenser microphones

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 267-275页

作者： Roberto Pezone sebastian Anzinger Gabriele Baglioni Hutomo Suryo Wasisto Pasqualina M.Sarro Peter G.Steeneken Sten Vollebregt Laboratory of Electronic Components Technology and Materials(ECTM)Department of MicroelectronicsDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands Infineon Technologies AG Am Campeon 1-15Neubiberg 85579Germany Kavli Institue of Nanoscience Department of Quantum NanoscienceDelft University of TechnologyDelftthe Netherlands Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering(PME) Delft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands

Since the performance of micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)-based microphones is approaching fundamental physical,design,and material limits,it has become challenging to improve *** works have demonstrated graphene’s suitability as a microphone *** potential for achieving smaller,more sensitive,and scalable onchip MEMS microphones is yet to be *** address large graphene sizes,graphene-polymer heterostructures have been proposed,but they compromise performance due to added polymer mass and *** work demonstrates the first wafer-scale integrated MEMS condenser microphones with diameters of 2R=220-320μm,thickness of 7 nm multi-layer graphene,that is suspended over a back-plate with a residual gap of 5μ*** microphones are manufactured with MEMS compatible wafer-scale technologies without any transfer steps or polymer layers that are more prone to contaminate and wrinkle the *** designs,all electrically integrated are fabricated and characterized allowing us to study the effects of the introduction of a back-plate for capacitive *** devices show high mechanical compliances C_(m)=0.081-1.07μmPa^(−1)(10-100×higher than the silicon reported in the state-of-the-art diaphragms)and pull-in voltages in the range of 2-9.5 *** addition,to validate the proof of concept,we have electrically characterized the graphene microphone when subjected to sound *** estimated sensitivity of S_(1kHz)=24.3-321 mV Pa^(−1)for a V_(bias)=1.5 V was determined,which is 1.9-25.5×higher than of state-of-the-art microphone devices while having a~9×smaller area.

关键词： transfer plate approaching

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Optical magnetic field enhancement using ultrafast azimuthally polarized laser beams and tailored metallic nanoantennas

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Photonics Research 2024年第5期12卷 1078-1092页

作者： RODRIGO MARTIN-HERNANDEZ LORENZ GRUNEWALD LUIS SANCHEZ-TEJERINA LUIS PLAJA ENRIQUECONEJERO JARQUE CARLOS HERNANDEZ-GARCIA sebastian MAI Grupo de Investigacion en Aplicaciones del Laser y Fotonica Departamento de Fisica AplicadaUniversidad de SalamancaE-37008 SalamancaSpain Unidad de Excelencia en Luz y Materia Estructuradas(LUMES) Universidad de SalamancaE-37008 SalamancaSpain Institute of Theoretical Chemistry Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of Vienna1090 ViennaAustria Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry(DoSChem) Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of Vienna1090 ViennaAustria Departamento de Electricidad y Electrónica Universidad de Valladolid47011 ValladolidSpain

*** *** thank Valentina Shumakova,Elizaveta Gangrskaia,Alessandra Bellissimo,Audrius Pugzlys,and Andrius Baltu?ka for fruitful discussions and computational support by the Vienna Scientific Cluster(VSC 4).The authors thankfully acknowledge the computer resources at MareNostrum and SCAYLE,and the technical support provided by Barcelona Supercomputing Center(RES-FI-2022-3-0041).R.M.-H.,L.S.-T.,L.P.,E.C.J.,and C.H.-*** funding from the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program(Grant Agreement No.851201)and support from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación(PID2022-142340NB-I00,PID2019-106910GB-I00).This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund(FWF)(10.55776/ZK91).For open access purposes,the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission.

关键词： metallic polarized discussions

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