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Dimensionality engineering of metal halide perovskites

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2020年第3期13卷 196-224页

作者： Rashad FKAHWAGI sean TTHORNTON Ben SMITH Ghada LKOLEILAT Department of Chemical Engincering Dalhousic UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaB3J IZ1Canada

Metal halide perovskites are a class of materials that are ideal for photodetectors and solar cells due to their excellent optoelectronic *** low-cost and low temperature synthesis have made them attractive for extensive research aimed at revolutionizing the semiconductor *** rich chemistry of metal halide perovskites allows compositional engineering resulting in facile tuning of the desired optoelectronic ***,using different experimental synth-esis and deposition techniques such as solution processing,chemical vapor deposition and hot-injection methods,the dimensionality of the perovskites can be altered from 3D to 0D,each structure opening a new realm of applications due to their unique *** engineering includes both morphological engineering reducing the thickness of 3D perovskite into atomically thin films and molecular engineering--incorporating long-chain organic cations into the perovskite mixture and changing the composition at the molecular *** optoelectronic properties of the perovskite structure including its band gap,binding energy and carrier mobility depend on both its composition and *** plethora of different photodetectors and solar cells that have been made with different compositions and dimensions of perovskite will be reviewed *** will conclude our review by discussing the kinetics and dynamics of different dimen-sionalities,their inherent stability and toxicity issues,and how reaching similar performance to 3D in lower dimensionalities and their large-scale deployment can be achieved.

关键词： optoclectronics solar cells perovskite photo-detectors metal halides dimensionality

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Mediator complex subunit 12 is a gatekeeper of SARS-CoV-2 infection in breast cancer cells

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第1期9卷 5-8页

作者： Shengjie Zhang Fabao Liu Peter Halfmann Ryan TBehrens Peng Liu sean jMcilwain Irene MOng Kristine Donahue Yidan Wang Yoshihiro Kawaoka Nathan Sherer Wei Xua McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Pathobiological Sciences School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital) Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiang 310022China

Cancer patients are at increased risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection and *** other viruses in the SARS family,SARS-CoV-2 employs two host proteins,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)and transmembrane serine protease 2(TMPRSS2),for viral entry.1 Recent studies showed that many of the host proteins identified as potential targets for developing COVID therapies are dysregulated in cancer,2 prompting us to investigate whether human cancer cells are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection,and whether chemotherapy could modulate a cancer patient's risk for infection.

关键词： infection ACE2 cancer

Concurrent multi-peak Bragg coherent x-ray diffraction imaging of 3D nanocrystal lattice displacement via global optimization

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1579-1590页

作者： Siddharth Maddali Travis D.Frazer Nazar Delegan Katherine j.Harmon sean E.Sullivan Marc Allain Wonsuk Cha Alan Dibos Ishwor Poudyal Saugat Kandel Youssef S.G.Nashed F.joseph Heremans Hoydoo You Yue Cao Stephan O.Hruszkewycz Materials Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Center for Molecular Engineering Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Aix-Marseille Univ CNRSCentrale MarseilleInstitut FresnelMarseilleFrance X-ray Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Mathematics&Computer Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering University of Chicago5640 South Ellis AvenueChicagoIL 60637USA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCAUSA

In this paper we demonstrated a method to reconstruct vector-valued lattice distortion fields within nanoscale crystals by optimization of a forward model of multi-reflection Bragg coherent diffraction imaging(MR-BCDI)*** method flexibly accounts for geometric factors that arise when making BCDI measurements,is amenable to efficient inversion with modern optimization toolkits,and allows for globally constraining a single image reconstruction to multiple Bragg peak *** is enabled by a forward model that emulates the multiple Bragg peaks of a MR-BCDI experiment from a single estimate of the 3D crystal *** present this forward model,we implement it within the stochastic gradient descent optimization framework,and we demonstrate it with simulated and experimental data of nanocrystals with inhomogeneous internal lattice *** find that utilizing a global optimization approach to MR-BCDI affords a reliable path to convergence of data which is otherwise challenging to reconstruct.

关键词： optimization coherent lattice

糖尿病流行病学研究中应用OGTT资料评估胰岛β细胞功能的可能性——468例非糖尿病Pima印第安人葡萄糖钳研究资料分析

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中华内分泌代谢杂志 2003年第1期19卷 8-12页

作者：李光伟 bennett PH 北京中日友好医院内分泌科 100029 Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch NIDDKNIHPhoenixArizonausa85014

目的　探讨以口服葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT)的简单参数在糖尿病流行病研究中评估胰岛 β细胞功能的可能性。方法　美国Pima印第安人糖耐量正常者 332例、糖耐量低减者 1 36例参与本试验。各例均做静脉葡萄糖耐量试验 (IVGTT) ,OGTT及正葡... 详细信息

目的　探讨以口服葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT)的简单参数在糖尿病流行病研究中评估胰岛 β细胞功能的可能性。方法　美国Pima印第安人糖耐量正常者 332例、糖耐量低减者 1 36例参与本试验。各例均做静脉葡萄糖耐量试验 (IVGTT) ,OGTT及正葡萄糖钳试验。计算Homa IR ,Homa β ,第一时相胰岛素分泌量 (AIR) ,胰岛素曲线下面积 ,ΔI30 /ΔG30 ,胰岛素介导的葡萄糖代谢率 (M ,mg·kg- 1 ·min- 1 )。从基本病理生理学概念推导新 β细胞功能指数MBCI=(FINS×FPG) / (PG2h +PG1h- 2×FPG) (FINS :空腹胰岛素 ;FPG :空腹血糖 ;PG1h和PG2h分别为OGTT 1h和 2h的血糖 )。以线性回归分析正葡萄糖钳技术测定的胰岛素敏感性与不同的β细胞功能指数的组合对血糖水平的贡献 ,探讨以OGTT的简单参数评估β细胞功能的可能性。结果　 (1 )调整M后 ,IGT组AIR、ΔI30 /ΔG30 、Homa β和MBCI与OGTT 2h血糖水平的偏相关系数分别为 - 0 .30、- 0 .30、- 0 .2 9及 - 0 .37(P均 0 .0 5)、0 .0 1 (P >0 .0 5)、- 0 .30 (P <0 .0 0 1 )及 - 0 .43(P <0 .0 0 1 )。 (2 )以OGTT 2h血糖为因变量 ,分别以M +AIR ,M +ΔI30 /ΔG30 ,M +Homa β,M +MBCI为自变量做线性回归分析 ,显示M

关键词：糖尿病流行病学胰岛 β细胞功能评估葡糖耐量试验

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SYNTHESIZING BACKSCATTER IONOGRAMS USING CHAPMAN MODEL AND ANALYTIC RAY TRACING

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SYNTHESIZING BACKSCATTER IONOGRAMS USING CHAPMAN MODEL AND A...

Evolving technologies for growing,imaging and analyzing 3D root system architecture of crop plants

1993 International Symposium on Radio Propagation(ISRP’93)

作者： j.A.bennett L.W.Li P.L.Dyson Dept.of Elec.& Comp.Syst.Eng. Monash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia 3168 Present address:HFRDDSTO SalisburyPO Box 1500SalisburySAAustralia 5108 Dept.of Elec.Eng. National Uni.of Singapore10 Kent Ridge CrescentSingapore 0511 Department of Physics La Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia 3083

＜正＞Backscatter ionograms for a Chapman layer can be synthesized analytically if the Chapman layer can be converted to QPS ionosphere.A method of fitting a Chapman model to ionospheric QPS model is presented in this paper,enabling the analytic solutions of ray parameters（i.e.,group path,ground range and phase path） to be *** QP segments are determined by testing the matching of the ionospheric profiles corresponding to the Chapman layer and QPS model *** parameters of each segment are evaluated from the continuity of electron density distribution and its derivative at the joint points. Comparison of the electron density distributions of Chapman and QPS models demonstrates the validity of this method developed *** analytic ray tracing,synthesized ionograms for both a Chapman layer and a single QPS layer are obtained and compared.

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journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第3期58卷 230-241页

作者： Miguel A.Pieros Brandon G.Larson jon E.Shaff David j.Schneider Alexandre Xavier Falcao Lixing Yuan Randy T.Clark Eric j.Craft Tyler W.Davis Pierre-Luc Pradier Nathanael M.Shaw Ithipong Assaranurak Susan R.Mc Couch Craig Sturrock Malcolm bennett Leon V.Kochian USDA-ARS Robert Holley Center for Agriculture and Health538 Tower RoadIthacaNY 14580USA Department of Information Systems Institute of ComputingUniversity of CampinasAv.Albert Einstein1251CEP 13083-852CampinasSPBrazil Department of Plant Nutrition China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Centre for Plant Integrative Biology School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton BoningtonLE12 5RDUK College of Science King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

A plant＇s ability to maintain or improve its yield under limiting conditions,such as nutrient de ficiency or drought,can be strongly in fluenced by root system architecture（RSA）,the three-dimensional distribution of the different root types in the soil. The ability to image,track and quantify these root system attributes in a dynamic fashion is a useful tool in assessing desirable genetic and physiological root traits. Recent advances in imaging technology and phenotyping software have resulted in substantive progress in describing and quantifying RSA. We have designed a hydroponic growth system which retains the three-dimensional RSA of the plant root system,while allowing for aeration,solution replenishment and the imposition of nutrient treatments,as well as high-quality imaging of the root system. The simplicity and flexibility of the system allows for modi fications tailored to the RSA of different crop species and improved throughput. This paper details the recent improvements and innovations in our root growth and imaging system which allows for greater image sensitivity（detection of fine roots and other root details）,higher ef ficiency,and a broad array of growing conditions for plants that more closely mimic those found under field conditions.

关键词： Abiotic stress digital root phenotyping mineral nutrition root system architecture

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沃克公共图书馆:为区域服务的地下建筑

地下空间与工程学报 1981年第2期 33-39页

作者： David j.bennett 杨运均美国建筑师协会

围绕掩土建筑和地下建筑的设计和施工,所进行的讨论重点是贮能问题。同时,由于地下有稳定的温度环境就使采暖的能耗大为减少,当然,这还并不是地下建筑的唯一优点。在地下建筑上面所占有的空间直接提供了一个开阔场地还可作其他利用。这... 详细信息

围绕掩土建筑和地下建筑的设计和施工,所进行的讨论重点是贮能问题。同时,由于地下有稳定的温度环境就使采暖的能耗大为减少,当然,这还并不是地下建筑的唯一优点。在地下建筑上面所占有的空间直接提供了一个开阔场地还可作其他利用。这种在环境上的收益乃是地下建筑又一个另人信服的优点。因此,在设计地下建筑的贮能设备时,还应考虑到一些其他福利。

关键词：图书馆建筑物参谋人员沃克

Natatanuran frogs used the Indian Plate to step-stone disperse and radiate across the Indian Ocean

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National Science Review 2019年第1期6卷 10-14页

作者： Zhi-Yong Yuan Bao-Lin Zhang Christopher j.Raxworthy David W.Weisrock Paul M.Hime jie-Qiong jin Emily M.Lemmon Alan R.Lemmon sean D.Holland Michelle L.Kortyna Wei-Wei Zhou Min-Sheng Peng jing Che Elizabeth Prendini State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education Southwest Forestry University Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Herpetology American Museum of Natural History Department of Biology University of Kentucky Biodiversity Institute University of Kansas Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Biological Science Florida State University Department of Scientific Computing Florida State University Sino-Africa joint Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution andGenetics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Investigating the evolutionary history of widespread higher taxa, subjected to multiple tectonic events, can provide evidence for or against various palaeogeographical models of early Earth history [1,2]. Contemporary biotic distributions have been strongly influenced by events associated with the breakup of Gondwana into present-day Africa,Antarctica, Australia, South America,Madagascar and India, during the Late Mesozoic and Early Palaeogene [2]. The fragmentation of Gondwana and subsequent tectonic drift ultimately allowed biotic exchanges between Laurasia and Gondwana [2,3], influencing the global distributions of many taxa.

关键词： In Natatanuran frogs used the Indian Plate to step-stone disperse and radiate across the Indian Ocean

Genomics and introgression： Discovery and mapping of thousands of species-diagnostic SNPs using RAD sequencing

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Current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 146-154页

作者： Brian K. HAND Tyler D. HETHER Ryan P. KOVACH Clint C. MUHLFELD Stephen j. AMISH Matthew C. BOYER sean M. O'ROURKE Michael R. MILLER Winsor H. LOWE Paul A. HOHENLOHE Gordon LUIKART Flathead Lake Biological Station Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group University of Montana Poison MT 59860 USA Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies Department of Biological Sciences University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844 USA U. S. Geological Survey Northem Rocky Mountain Science Center Glacier National Park West Glacier Montana 59936 USA Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group Division of Biological Sciences The University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812USA Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks Kalispell Montana 59901 USA Department of Animal Science University of California Davis One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA University of Montana Division of Biological Sciences Missoula Montana 59812 USA

Invasive hybridization and introgression pose a serious threat to the persistence of many native species. Understand- ing the effects of hybridization on native populations （e.g., fitness consequences） requires numerous species-diagnostic loci dis- tributed genome-wide. Here we used RAD sequencing to discover thousands of single-nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） that are diagnostic between rainbow trout （RBT, Oncorhynchus mykiss）, the world＇s most widely introduced fish, and native westslope cutthroat trout （WCT, （9. clarkii lewisi） in the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. We advanced previous work that identified 4,914 species-diagnostic loci by using longer sequence reads （100 bp vs. 60 bp） and a larger set of individuals （n = 84）. We sequenced RAD libraries for individuals from diverse sampling sources, including native populations of WCT and hatchery broodstocks of WCT and RBT. We also took advantage of a newly released reference genome assembly for RBT to align our RAD loci. In total, we discovered 16,788 putatively diagnostic SNPs, 10,267 of which we mapped to anchored chromosome locations on the RBT genome. A small portion of previously discovered putative diagnostic loci （325 of 4,914） were no longer diagnostic （i.e., fixed between species） based on our wider survey of non-hybridized RBT and WCT individuals. Our study suggests that RAD loci mapped to a draft genome assembly could provide the marker density required to identify genes and chromosomal regions in- fluencing selection in admixed populations of conservation concern and evolutionary interest [Current Zoology 61 （1）： 146-154, 2015].

关键词： Conservation genetics Hybridization Invasive species Next generation sequencing Salmonid fish SNP discovery