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The component-activity interrelationship of cobalt-based bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting:Strategies and performance

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 453-474页

作者： Mingjie Sun Riyue Ge sean Li Liming dai Yiran Li Bin Liu Wenxian Li School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Institute of Textiles and Clothing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SAR 999077China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales 2052Australia UNSW Materials&Manufacturing Futures Institute UNSW SydneyNew South Wales 2052Australia School of Chemical Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales 2052Australia

Cobalt-based electrocatalysts take advantage of potentially harmonizable microstructure and flexible coupling effects compared to commercial noble metal-based catalytic ***,conventional water electrolysis systems based on cobalt-based monofunctional hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)or oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts have certain shortcomings in terms of resource utilization and *** contrast,cobalt-based bifunctional catalysts(CBCs)have attracted much attention in recent years for overall water splitting systems because of their practicality and reduced preparation cost of *** review aims to address the latest development in CBCs for total *** main modification strategies of CBCs are systematically classified in water electrolysis to provide an overview of how to regulate their morphology and electronic ***,the catalytic performance of CBCs in total-hydrolysis is summarized according to the types of cobalt-based phosphides,sulfides and oxides,and the mechanism of strengthened electrocatalytic ability is emphasized through combining experiments and theoretical *** efforts are finally suggested to focus on exploring the dynamic conversion of reaction intermediates and building near-industrial CBCs,designing advanced CBC materials through micro-modulation,and addressing commercial applications.

关键词： Cobalt Bifunctional electrocatalysis Water splitting Modification strategies Electrocatalytic performances

A mimic of soft tissue infection: intra-arterial injection drug use producing hand swelling and digital ischemia

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2015年第3期6卷 233-236页

作者： sean d.foster Michael S.Lyons Christopher M.Runyan Edward J.Otten department of Emergency Medicine University of Cincinnati department of Plastic Reconstructive & Hand Surgery University of Cincinnati

BACKGROUNd: Inadvertent intra-arterial injection of illicit substances is a known complication of injection drug use and can lead to severe complications, including infection, ischemia and compartment syndrome. Identifying complications of intra-arterial injection can be difficult, as clinical manifestations overlap with other more common conditions such as cellulitis and soft tissue infection, and a history of injection drug use is frequently not ***: A 37-year-old male patient presented with 24 hours of right hand pain, erythema and swelling. despite classic "track marks", he denied a history of injection drug use, and vascular insults were not initially considered. After failing to respond to three days of aggressive treatment for suspected deep-space infection, an arteriogram demonstrated findings consistent with digital ischemia of embolic ***: As a result of the delay in diagnosis, the lesion was not amenable to reperfusion and the patient required amputation of the distal ***: Practitioners should be alert to the possibility of intra-arterial injection and resulting complications when evaluating unusual extremity infections or unexplained ischemic symptoms, even in the absence of a definite history of injection drug use.

关键词： Intra-arterial injection Opioid abuse Injection drug use digital ischemia

Evaluation of Ruminal dry Matter disappearance and pH of dry Corn, High-Moisture Corn, and Rye under in Vitro Conditions

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 327-332页

作者： Warren Carl Rusche Zachary Kidd.foster Smith South dakota State University Brookings South Dakota USA

An in vitro experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of grain type on in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVdMd) and pH using ruminal fluid and a buffer reagent. Five beef cows were used for ruminal fluid collection and ruminal fluid was pooled prior to use. The cows used for ruminal fluid collection were maintained on a forage-based diet (60:40 forage to concentrate) for 28 d prior to ruminal fluid collection. Three grain types were evaluated: 1) dry corn (89% dry matter;dRC), 2) high-moisture corn (72% dry matter;HMC) and 3) rye (89% dry matter;RYE). data were analyzed as a completely randomized design. A total of twenty-one replications of each grain type were used for statistical analysis (n = 63 tubes total). IVdMd was greater (P ≤ 0.05) by 97.1% and 46.4% for RYE compared to dRC and HMC, respectively. Additionally, IVdMd was greater (P = 0.05) by 34.6% for HMC compared to dRC. Final pH was decreased (P ≤ 0.05) for RYE by 12.3% and 2.8% for RYE compared to dRC and HMC, respectively. Also, final pH was decreased (P = 0.05) by 9.8% for HMC compared to dRC. These data indicate that corn harvest method (dry vs. high-moisture) influences IVdMd and final pH and that rye has a greater disappearance of dry matter and lower final pH than corn under in vitro conditions.

关键词： Corn Grain Processing Ruminal Fermentation Rye

Subsequent total joint arthroplasty: Are we learning from the first stage?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第3期15卷 230-237页

作者： Christine Jiang Wu Colin Penrose sean Patrick Ryan Michael Paul Bolognesi Thorsten Markus Seyler Samuel Secord Wellman department of Orthopaedic Surgery Duke University HospitalDurhamNC 27710United States department of Orthopaedic Surgery Midwest Center for Joint ReplacementIndianapolisIN 46241United States

BACKGROUNd With the increasing incidence of total joint arthroplasty(TJA),there is a desire to reduce peri-operative complications and resource *** degenerative conditions progress in multiple joints,many patients undergo multiple *** To determine if both physicians and patients learn from the patient’s initial arth-roplasty,resulting in improved outcomes following the second *** The institutional database was retrospectively queried for primary total hip arth-roplasty(THA)and total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Patients with only unilateral THA or TKA,and patients undergoing same-day bilateral TJA,were *** demographics,comorbidities,and implant sizes were collected at the time of each procedure and patients were stratified by first vs second *** metrics evaluated included operative time,length of stay(LOS),disposition,90-d readmissions and emergency department(Ed)*** A total of 642 patients,including 364 undergoing staged bilateral TKA and 278 undergoing bilateral THA,were *** was no significant difference in demographics or comorbidities between the first and second procedure,which were separated by a mean of 285 *** THA and TKA,LOS was significantly less for the second surgery,with 66%of patients having a shorter hospitalization(Pd significantly decreased operative time only when the same sized implant was utilized(P=0.025).The vast majority(93.3%)of patients were discharged to the same type of location following their second ***,when a change in disposition was present from the first surgery,patients were significantly more likely to be discharged to home after the second procedure(P=0.033).There was no difference between procedures for post-operative readmissions(P=0.438)or Ed visits(P=0.915).CONCLUSION After gaining valuable experience recovering from the initial surgery,a patient’s perioperative outcomes are improved for their second *** may

关键词： Staged total joint arthroplasty Asynchronous total joint arthroplasty Subsequent total joint arthroplasty Contralateral total joint arthroplasty Perioperative outcomes

Abiotic predictors of fine sediment accumulation in lowland rivers

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第1期37卷 128-137页

作者： Morwenn McKenzie Judy England Ian d.L.foster Martin A.Wilkes Geography and Environment Loughborough University Centre for Agroecology Water & Resilience Coventry University Research Environment Agency Howbery Park Environmental and Geographical Sciences University of Northampton Learning Hub University Drive Geography department Rhodes University

The delivery of excessive fine sediment (particles<2 mm in diameter) to rivers can cause serious deleterious effects to aquatic ecosystems and is widely acknowledged to be one of the leading contributors to the degrad... 详细信息

The delivery of excessive fine sediment (particlesdiameter) to rivers can cause serious deleterious effects to aquatic ecosystems and is widely acknowledged to be one of the leading contributors to the degradation of rivers *** advances in using biological methods as a proxy,physical measures remain an important method through which fine sediment can be *** aim of this study was to provide further insights into the environmental variables controlling sediment accumulation in lowland gravel bed *** sampled 21 sites,during spring and autumn,selected to cover a gradient of excess fine *** sediment was sampled using a range of methods including visual assessments,the disturbance method,and suspended sediment concentrations.A range of abiotic predictors was measured during sampling,and hydrological and antecedent flow indices were derived from local flow gauging station *** results show reach scale visual estimates of fine sediment to be significantly and highly correlated with fully quantitative estimates of total surface *** regression analysis showed that flow variables (regime,antecedent,and local flow characteristics)were strong predictors of deposited sediment metrics but poor predictors of suspended *** content was shown to be relatively independent of total sediment quantity and is likely driven by other factors which influence the supply and breakdown of organic matter.

关键词： deposited sediment Suspended sediment Visual assessments disturbance Sediment sampling

Towards a unified nonlocal, peridynamics framework for the coarse-graining of molecular dynamics data with fractures

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2023年第7期44卷 1125-1150页

作者： H.Q.YOU X.XU Y.YU S.SILLING M.d'ELIA J.foster department of Mathematics Lehigh UniversityBethlehemPA 18015U.S.A department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering The University of Texas at AustinTX 78712-1139U.S.A. Center for Computing Research Sandia National LaboratoriesCA 94551-0969U.S.A.

Molecular dynamics(Md)has served as a powerful tool for designing materials with reduced reliance on laboratory ***,the use of Md directly to treat the deformation and failure of materials at the mesoscale is still largely beyond *** this work,we propose a learning framework to extract a peridynamics model as a mesoscale continuum surrogate from Md simulated material fracture data ***,we develop a novel coarse-graining method,to automatically handle the material fracture and its corresponding discontinuities in the Md displacement data *** by the weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)scheme,the key idea lies at an adaptive procedure to automatically choose the locally smoothest stencil,then reconstruct the coarse-grained material displacement field as the piecewise smooth solutions containing ***,based on the coarse-grained Md data,a two-phase optimizationbased learning approach is proposed to infer the optimal peridynamics model with damage *** the first phase,we identify the optimal nonlocal kernel function from the data sets without material damage to capture the material stiffness ***,in the second phase,the material damage criterion is learnt as a smoothed step function from the data with *** a result,a peridynamics surrogate is *** a continuum model,our peridynamics surrogate model can be employed in further prediction tasks with different grid resolutions from training,and hence allows for substantial reductions in computational cost compared with *** illustrate the efficacy of the proposed approach with several numerical tests for the dynamic crack propagation problem in a single-layer *** tests show that the proposed data-driven model is robust and generalizable,in the sense that it is capable of modeling the initialization and growth of fractures under discretization and loading settings that are different from the ones used during training.

关键词： nonlocal model machine learning homogenization peridynamics material fracture

Epidemic time series similarity is related to geographic distance and age structure

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Infectious disease Modelling 2022年第4期7卷 690-697页

作者： Tad A.dallas Grant foster Robert L.Richards Bret d.Elderd department of Biological Sciences University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC29208USA department of Biological Sciences Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA70802USA

Objective:More similar locations may have similar infectious disease *** is clear overlap in putative causes for epidemic similarity,such as geographic distance,age structure,and population *** compare the effects of these potential drivers on epidemic similarity compared to a baseline assumption that differences in the basic reproductive number(R0)will translate to differences in epidemic ***:Using COVId-19 case counts from United States counties,we explore the importance of geographic distance,population size differences,and age structure dissimilarity on resulting epidemic ***:We find clear effects of geographic space,age structure,population size,and R0 on epidemic similarity,but notably the effect of age structure was stronger than the baseline assumption that differences in R0 would be most related to epidemic ***:Together,this highlights the role of spatial and demographic processes on SARS-CoV2 epidemics in the United States.

关键词： Epidemic similarity SARS-CoV2 Age structure distance decay

Lesion-symptom mapping with NIHSS sub-scores in ischemic stroke patients

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第2期7卷 124-131页

作者： deepthi Rajashekar Matthias Wilms M Ethan Macdonald Serena Schimert Michael d Hill Andrew demchuk Mayank Goyal sean P dukelow Nils daniel Forkert Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Hotchkiss Brain InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada department of Radiology Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada department of Clinical Neurosciences University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada department of Community Health Sciences Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada department of Medicine Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada

Background Lesion-symptom mapping(LSM)is a statistical technique to investigate the population-specific relationship between structural integrity and post-stroke clinical *** clinical practice,patients are commonly evaluated using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),an 11-domain clinical score to quantitate neurological deficits due to *** far,LSM studies have mostly used the total NIHSS score for analysis,which might not uncover subtle structure–function relationships associated with the specific sub-domains of the NIHSS ***,the aim of this work was to investigate the feasibility to perform LSM analyses with sub-score information to reveal category-specific structure–function relationships that a total score may not *** Employing a multivariate technique,LSM analyses were conducted using a sample of 180 patients with NIHSS assessment at 48-hour post-stroke from the ESCAPE *** NIHSS domains were grouped into six categories using two *** was conducted for each category of the two groupings and the total NIHSS *** Sub-score LSMs not only identify most of the brain regions that are identified as critical by the total NIHSS score but also reveal additional brain regions critical to each function category of the NIHSS assessment without requiring extensive,specialised *** These findings show that widely available sub-scores of clinical outcome assessments can be used to investigate more specific structure–function relationships,which may improve predictive modelling of stroke outcomes in the context of modern clinical stroke assessments and neuroimaging.

关键词： patients score category

Management of stage Ⅳ rectal cancer: Palliative options

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第7期17卷 835-847页

作者： sean M Ronnekleiv-Kelly Gregory d Kennedy department of Surgery Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health 600 HighlandAvenue G4/701A CSC Madison WI 53792 United States

Approximately 30% of patients with rectal cancer present with metastatic disease. Many of these patients have symptoms of bleeding or obstruction. Several treatment options are available to deal with the various complications that may afflict these patients. Endorectal stenting, laser ablation, and operative resection are a few of the options available to the patient with a malignant large bowel obstruction. A thorough understanding of treatment options will ensure the patient is offered the most effective therapy with the least amount of associated morbidity. In this review, we describe various options for palliation of symptoms in patients with metastatic rectal cancer. Additionally, we briefly discuss treatment for asymptomatic patients with metastatic disease.

关键词：直肠癌选项治疗方案管理转移性可能影响手术切除激光消融