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Effect of Shape and Placement of Twisted Pin Fins in a Rectangular Channel on Thermo-Hydraulic Performance

Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1773-1793页

作者： LI Yong zhang Jin zhang Yingchun zhang Jiajie MA Suxia SUNDEN Bengt XIE Gongnan College of Electrical and Power Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Key Laboratory of Cleaner Intelligent Control on Coal&Electricity Ministry of EducationTaiyuan 030024China Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of High Efficiency Heat Storage and Low Carbon Heat Supply Taiyuan 030008China School of Energy and Power Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China Department of Energy Sciences Lund UniversityP.O.Box 118Lund SE 22100Sweden School of Marine Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

To enhance the thermo-hydraulic performance of cooling channels,this investigation examines the influence of distinct cross-se.tional shapes(i.e.,triangular,rectangular,and hexagonal)of twisted pin fins and their arrangements in straight and cross *** ambient air cooling test platform was established to numerically and experimentally investigate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of 360°twisted pin fins at Re=*** findings reveal that straight rows exhibit higher Nu values than cross rows for triangular and rectangular twisted pin fins,and Nu increase. with *** contrast,for hexagonal twisted pin fins,only straight rows at Re=19000 exhibit superior overall thermal performance compared to cross ***,the heat transfer performance of the cooling channel with hexagonal twisted fins surpasse. both triangular and rectangular configurations,especially at high Reynolds numbers(Re=22800).Although the heat transfer coefficient of the cooling channel with hexagonal twisted fins is significantly enhanced by 132.71%compared to the flat channel,it also exhibits the highest thermal resistance and relative friction among the three types of twisted fins,the maximum of which are 2.14 and ***,the hydrothermal performance factor(HTPF)of the cooling channels with different types of twisted pin fins depends on the Reynolds number and arrangement *** Re=15200,the highest HTPF achieved for the cross-row hexagonal twisted pin fins is 0.99.

关键词： twisted pin fin cross arrangement heat transfer pressure drop HTPF

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Modulating redox transition kinetics by anion regulation in Ni-Fe-X(X=O,S,se.N,and P)electrocatalyst for efficient water oxidation

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Nano Rese.rch 2024年第6期17卷 4720-4728页

作者： Liting Wei Kaini zhang Rui Zhao Lei zhang Yan zhang Suyi Yang Jinzhan Su International Rese.rch Center for Renewable Energy&State Key Laboratory of Multiphase.Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Applied Chemistry Yuncheng UniversityYuncheng 044000China

NiFe-base. electrocatalysts will experience dynamical surface reconstruction during oxygen evolution reaction(OER)process,and the derived metal(oxy)hydroxide hybrids on the surface have been considered as the actual active species for *** efforts have been dedicated to understanding the surface reconstruction,but there is rare rese.rch on recognizing the origin of improved performance derived from anion species of ***,the OER electrocatalytic characteristics were tuned with different anions in NiFe-base. catalyst,using NiFe-base. oxides/nitride/sulfide/se.enides/phosphides(NiFeX,X=O,N,S,se.and P)as the model *** combination of X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy,electrochemical tests,operando spectroscopic characterizations,and density functional theory(DFT)calculations,reveals that anion with lower electronegativity in NiFe-base. catalyst leads to higher conductivity and delayed valence transition of Ni sites,as well as optimized adsorption behavior towards oxygen intermediates,contributing to enhanced OER ***,NiFeP electrocatalyst demonstrates an ultralow overpotential of 265 mV at 20 mA·cm−2 for OER,as well as long-term *** work not only offers further insights into the effect of anionic electronegativity on the intrinsic OER electrocatalytic properties of NiFe-base. electrocatalyst but also provides guide to design efficient non-noble metal-base. electrocatalysts for water oxidation.

关键词： oxygen evolution reaction(OER) anion species electronegativity valence transition

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Unsaturated bi-heterometal clusters in metal-vacancy sites of 2D MoS2 for efficient hydrogen evolution

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Carbon Energy 2024年第3期6卷 264-275页

作者： Gonglei Shao Jie Xu Shasha Gao zhang zhang Song Liu Xu zhang Zhen Zhou Interdisciplinary Rese.rch Center for Sustainable Energy Science and Engineering(IRC4se.) School of Chemical EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjinChina State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biose.sing and Chemometrics Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine(ICBN)College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangshaHunanChina Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry School of Materials Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjinChina

The valence states and coordination structures of doped heterometal atoms in two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials lack predictable regulation ***,a robust method is propose. to form unsaturated heteroatom clusters via the metal-vacancy restraint mechanism,which can precise.y regulate the bonding and valence state of heterometal atoms doped in 2D molybdenum *** unsaturated valence state of heterometal Pt and Ru cluster atoms form a spatial coordination structure with Pt–S and Ru–O–S as catalytically active *** them,the strong binding energy of negatively charged suspended S and O sites for H+,as well as the weak adsorption of positively charged unsaturated heterometal atoms for H*,reduces the energy barrier of the hydrogen evolution reaction proved by theoretical ***,the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance is markedly improved by the ense.ble effect of unsaturated heterometal atoms and highlighted with an overpotential of 84 mV and Tafel slope of 68.5 mV dec^(−1).In brief,this metal vacancy-induced valence state regulation of heterometal can manipulate the coordination structure and catalytic activity of heterometal atoms doped in the 2D atomic lattice but not limited to 2D nanomaterials.

关键词： clusters hydrogen evolution reaction metal vacancy MoS2 unsaturated heterometal

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An Embedded Conse.sus ADMM Distribution Algorithm Base. on Outer Approximation for Improved Robust State Estimation of Networked

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第4期12卷 1217-1226页

作者： Zifeng zhang Yuntao Ju State Grid Information&Telecommunication Group Co. Ltd.Beijing BranchBejingChina School of Electrical and Control Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijingChina

Networked microgrids(NMGs)are critical in theaccommodation of distributed renewable ***,theexisting centralized state estimation(se.cannot meet the demandsof NMGs in distributed energy *** currentestimator is also not robust against bad *** study introducesthe concepts of relative error to construct an improvedrobust se.IRse.optimization model with mixed-integer nonlinearprogramming(MINLP)that overcomes the disadvantage ofinaccurate results derived from different measurements whenthe same tolerance range is considered in the robust se.Rse..To improve the computation efficiency of the IRse.optimizationmodel,the number of binary variables is reduced base. on theprojection statistics and normalized residual methods,which effectivelyavoid the problem of slow convergence or divergenceof the algorithm cause. by too many integer ***,an embedded conse.sus alternating direction of multiplier method(ADMM)distribution algorithm base. on outer approximation(OA)is propose. to solve the IRse.optimization *** algorithm can accurately detect bad data and obtain se.resultsthat communicate only the boundary coupling informationwith *** tests show that the propose. algorithmeffectively detects bad data,obtains more accurate se.results,and ensures the protection of private information in all microgrids.

关键词： Distributed optimization alternating direction of multiplier methods(ADMM) robust state estimation(Rse. mixed-integer nonlinear programming(MINLP) networked microgrid(NMG)

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Flow field, se.imentation, and erosion characteristics around folded linear HDPE sheet sand fence: Numerical simulation study

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 113-130页

作者： zhang Kai zhang Hailong TIAN Jianjin QU Jianjun zhang Xingxin WANG Zhenghui XIAO jianhua College of Civil Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Dese.t and Dese.tification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Civil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Wind and sand hazards are se.ious in the Milan Gobi area of the Xinjiang se.tion of the Korla Railway. In order to ensure the safe operation of railroads, there is a need for wind and sand protection in heavily sandy areas. The wind and sand flow in the region is notably bi-directional. To shield railroads from sand, a unique sand fence made of folded linear high-density polyethylene(HDPE) is use., aligning with the principle that the dominant wind direction is perpendicular to the fence. This study employed field obse.vations and numerical simulations to investigate the effectiveness of these.HDPE sand fences in altering flow field distribution and offering protection. It also explored how these.fences affect the deposition and erosion of sand particles. Findings revealed a significant reduction in wind speed near the fence corner;the minimum horizontal wind speed on the leeward side of the first sand fence(LSF) decrease. dramatically from 3 m/s to 0.64 m/s. The vortex area on the LSF markedly impacted horizontal wind speeds. Within the LSF, sand deposition was a primary occurrence. As wind speeds increase., the deposition zone shrank, whereas the positive erosion zone expanded. Close.to the folded corners of the HDPE sand fence, there was a notable shift from the positive erosion zone to a deposition zone. Field tests and numerical simulations confirmed the high windproof efficiency(WE) and sand resistance efficiency(se. in the HDPE sand fence. Folded linear HDPE sheet sand fence can effectively slow down the incoming flow and reduce the sand content, thus achieving good wind and sand protection. This study provides esse.tial theoretical guidance for the design and improvement of wind and sand protection systems in railroad engineering.

关键词： Folded linear HDPE sheet sand fence Numerical simulation Flow field characteristics Protection benefits

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Magnetism of NaYbS_(2):From finite temperatures to ground state

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期67卷 92-104页

作者： Weizhen Zhuo Zheng zhang Mingtai Xie Anmin zhang Jianting Ji Feng Jin Qingming zhang School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Beijing National Laboratory for Condense. Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Rare-earth chalcogenide compounds ARECh_(2)(A=alkali or monovalent metal,RE=rare earth,Ch=O,S,se.Te)are a large family of quantum spin liquid(QSL)candidate ***2is a represe.tative member of the *** key issues on NaYbS_(2),particularly how to determine the highly anisotropic spin Hamiltonian and describe the magnetism at finite temperatures and the ground state,remain to be *** this paper,we conducted an in-depth and comprehensive study on the magnetism of NaYbS_(2) from finite temperatures to the ground ***,we successfully detected three crystalline electric field(CEF)excitation energy levels using low-temperature Raman scattering *** them with the CEF theory and magnetization data,we worked out the CEF parameters,CEF energy levels,and CEF *** further determined a characteristic temperature of~40 K,above which the magnetism is dominated by CEF excitations while below which the spinexchange interactions play a main *** characteristic temperature has been confirmed by the temperature-dependent electron spin resonance(ESR)***-temperature ESR experiments on the dilute magnetic doped crystal of NaYb_(0.1)Lu_(0.9)S_(2) further helped us to determine the accurate ***,we quantitatively obtained the spin-exchange interactions in the spin Hamiltonian by consistently simulating the magnetization and specific heat ***,the above studies allow us to explore the ground state magnetism of NaYbS_(2) by using the density matrix renormalization *** combined numerical calculations and experimental results to demonstrate that the ground state of NaYbS_(2) is a Dirac-like QSL.

关键词： rare-earth chalcogenide anisotropic spin Hamiltonian quantum spin liquid

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Ultra-thin robust CNT@GC film integrating effective electromagnetic shielding and flexible Joule heating

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Nano Rese.rch 2024年第5期17卷 3462-3471页

作者： Ding zhang Chunhui Wang Meng Li Weixue Meng Shipeng zhang Mengdan Yang Xinguang Huang Yingjiu zhang Yuanyuan Shang Anyuan Cao Key Laboratory of Materials Physics(Ministry of Education) School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China Electron Microscopy Center Yunnan UniversityKunming650091China School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

The demand for lightweight,thin electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding film materials with high shielding effectiveness(se.,excellent mechanical properties,and stability in complex environments is particularly pronounced in the realm of flexible and portable electronic ***,we developed an ultra-thin film(CNT@GC)in which the glassy carbon(GC)layer wrapped around and welded carbon nanotubes(CNTs)to form a core-shell network structure,leading to exceptional tensile strength(327.2 MPa)and electrical conductivity(2.87×10^(5) S·m^(−1)).The CNT@GC film achieved EMI se.of 60 dB at a thickness of 2µm after post-acid treatment and high specific se.of 3.49×10^(5) dB·cm^(2)·g^(−1),with comprehensive properties surpassing those.of the majority of previous shielding ***,the CNT@GC film exhibited Joule heating capability,reaching a surface temperature of 135℃at 3 V with a fast thermal response.of about 0.5 s,enabling anti-icing/de-icing *** work prese.ted a methodology for constructing a robust CNT@GC film with high EMI shielding performance and exceptional Joule heating capability,demonstrating immense.potential in wearable devices,defense.and aerospace applications.

关键词： core-shell structure ultra-thin lightweight film robust film electromagnetic shielding Joule heating

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Topological and superconducting properties of monolayered CoN and CoP:A first-principles comparative study

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 98-108页

作者： Jiaqing Gao Zhenyu zhang Ping Cui International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials(ICQD) Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale(HFNL)University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China

Two-dimensional systems that simultaneously harbor superconductivity and nontrivial band topology may se.ve as appealing platforms for realizing topological superconductivity with promising applications in fault-tolerant quantum ***,base. on first-principles calculations,we show that monolayered Co N and Co P with the isovalent Fe se.like structure are stable in freestanding form,even though their known bulk phase. have no rese.blance to *** two systems are further revealed to display intrinsic band inversions due to crystal field splitting,and such orderings are prese.ved with the inclusion of spin-orbit coupling(SOC),which otherwise.is able to open a curved band gap,yielding a non-zero Z2 topological invariant in each *** a mechanism of topologicalization is distinctly contrasted with that identified recently for the close.y related monolayers of CoX(X=As,Sb,Bi),where the SOC plays an indispensable role in causing a nontrivial band ***,we demonstrate that,by applying equi-biaxial tensile strain,the electron-phonon coupling strength in monolayered CoN can be significantly enhanced,yielding a superconducting transition temperature(Tc)up to 7-12 K for the Coulomb pse.dopotential ofμ*=0.2-0.1,while the CoP monolayer shows very low Tc even under pronounced *** different superconducting behaviors can be attributed to different variations in lattice softening and electronic density of states around the Fermi level upon *** central findings enrich the understanding of different mechanisms of band inversions and topologicalization and offer platforms for achieving the coexistence of superconductivity and nontrivial band topology base. on two-dimensional systems.

关键词： topological yielding otherwise

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Temporal and Spatial Optimization for 5G Base.Station Groups in Distribution Networks

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第4期12卷 1159-1169页

作者： Silu zhang Nian Liu Jianpei Han Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijingChina

With the large-scale connection of 5G base.stations(BSs)to the distribution networks(DNs),5G BSs are utilized as flexible loads to participate in the peak load regulation,where the BSs can be divided into base.station groups(BSGs)to real-ize inter-district energy transfer.A Stackelberg game-base. opti-mization framework is propose.,where the distribution net-work operator(DNO)works as a leader with dynamic pricing for multi-BSGs;while BSGs se.ve as followers with the ability of demand response.to adjust their charging and discharging strategies in temporal dimension and load migration strategy in spatial ***,the prese.ce and uniqueness of the Stackelberg equilibrium(se.are ***,differ-ential evolution is adopted to reach the se.and the optimization problem in multi-BSGs is decompose. to solve the time-space ***,through simulation of a practical system,the results show that the DNO operation profit is increase. via cut-ting down the peak load and the operation costs for multi-BSGs are reduced,which reaches a win-win effect.

关键词： 5G base.station dynamic pricing demand response energy storage load migration Stackelberg game optimization

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Epitaxial growth of Cu_(2-x)se.on Cu(220)crystal plane as high property anode for sodium storage

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Chinese.Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 519-523页

作者： Zhijia zhang Shihao Sun Yuefang Chen Yanhao Wei Mengmeng zhang Chunsheng Li Yan Sun Shaofei zhang Yong Jiang School of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Quantum Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane ProcessesTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Key Laboratory of Advanced Electrode Materials for Novel Solar Cells for Petroleum and Chemical Industry of China Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials/Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-Net Forming Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China

Three-dimentional(3D)transition metal se.enides with sufficient channels could produce significant superiority on enhancing reaction kinetics for sodium-ion ***,the thorough exploration of 3D architecture with a facile strategy is still *** we report that a polycrystalline Cu_(2-x)se.film was epitaxial grown on(220)facets-expose. Cu by direct se.enization of a nanoporous Cu skeleton,which is obtained by dealloying rolled Cu Mn@Cu alloy *** functional theory calculation result shows strong adsorption energy for se.atoms on Cu(220)planes during se.enization reaction,rendering a low energy *** virtue of this core-shell 3D nanoporous architecture to offer abundant active sites and endow fast electron/ion transportation,the nanoporous Cu_(2-x)se.Cu-0.15 composite electrode exhibits remarkable sodium-ion storage properties with high reversible capacity of 950.6μAh/cm^(2)at 50μA/cm^(2),suprior rate capability of 457.6μAh/cm^(2)at 500μA/cm^(2),as well as an ultra-long stability at a high current *** investigation reveals that the electrochemical reaction is a typical conversion-type reaction with different *** novel electrode synthetic strategy provides use.ul instructions to design the high-performance anode material for sodium-ion batteries.

关键词： Cu_(2)se 3D architecture Anode materials Density functional theory calculation Sodium-ion battery

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