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Inter-observer Reliability of Indicators and Decision of Pattern Identification Using Diagnostic Flowchart with Traditional Korean Medicine

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第5期23卷 338-344页

作者： ju Ah lee Jeeyoun jung Mi Mi Ko Myeong Soo lee Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Daejeon 305-811 Republic of Korea Clinical Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Daejeon 305-811 Republic of Korea

Objective： To evaluate the consistency of patterns and pattern identification（PI）, and the improvement in the diagnosis of blood stasis after the standard operating procedures（SOPs） were enhanced by using a diagnostic flowchart. Methods： A total of 358 subjects who were admitted by the Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine between june 2013 and December 2014 were included in the study. Each patient was independently diagnosed by two experts from the same department. In 2014, the SOPs included the use of a diagnostic flowchart for each indicator. Inter-observer consistency was assessed by simple percent agreement and by the kappa and AC1 statistics. Results： The improvements in inter-observer agreement for the indicators（for al patients） and PI were greater in 2014 than in 2013. In 2013, the j-value measure of agreement between the two experts ranged from ＂poor＂（κ=–0.051） to ＂good＂（κ=0.968）. The AC1 measure of agreement between the experts was generally high for the indicators and ranged from –0.010 to 0.978. In most cases, agreement was considerably lower when it was assessed by the j-values compared with the AC1 values. In 2014, the j-value measure of agreement on the indicators（for the subjects） general y ranged from poor to good, with the values ranging from –0.007 to 0.994. Moreover, the AC1 measure of agreement between the experts was general y high for al of the indicators and ranged from ＂moderate＂（AC1=0.408） to ＂excel ent＂（AC1=0.996）. Conclusions： In four examinations, there was moderate agreement between the clinicians on the PI indicators of blood stasis. To improve clinician consistency（e.g., in the diagnostic criteria used）, it is necessary to analyse the reasons for inconsistency and to improve clinician training.（Trial registration No. KCT0000916）

关键词： blood stasis inter-observer reliability pattern identification traditional Chinese medicine traditional Korean medicine

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All-fiber acousto-optic modulator based on a cladding-etched optical fiber for active mode-locking

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Photonics Research 2017年第5期5卷 391-395页

作者： JIHWAN KIM JOONHOI KOO ju HAN lee School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Seoul

An all-fiber acousto-optic modulator(AOM), which features a compact structure and a low-driving voltage, is experimentally demonstrated for the active mode-locking of a fiber laser. The proposed AOM is based on the short length of the cladding-etched fiber, the ends of which are fixed on a slide glass. On top of the cladding-etched fiber, a piezoelectric transducer was overlaid. A chemical wet-etching technique, which is based on a mixed solution of NH_4F and (NH_4)2SO_4, is used to reduce the fiber diameter down to ～25 μm, and the length of the etched section is only 0.5 cm. The fabricated device exhibited a modulation depth of 73.10% at an acoustic frequency of 918.9 kHz and a peak-to-peak electrical voltage of 10 V, while a laser beam was coupled at 1560 *** using the prepared AOM within an erbium-doped-fiber ring cavity, the mode-locked pulses with a temporalwidth of 2.66 ps were readily obtained at a repetition rate of 1.838 MHz.

关键词： All-fiber acousto-optic modulator based on a cladding-etched optical fiber for active mode-locking

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Recognition of Association Between Blood Stasis Syndrome and Traumatic Injury among Doctors of Korean Medicine:A Cross-sectional Observation Study

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第4期24卷 254-259页

作者： Jeeyoun jung Mi Mi Ko ju Ah lee Myeong Soo lee Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Clinical Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine

Objective： To investigate the diagnostic indicators and herbal treatments for blood stasis syndrome（BSS） patients with traumatic injuries and to identify the association between BSS and traumatic injury in Korea. Methods： Two-hundred and four patients with traumatic injury were recruited from the Gangnam and Daejeon branches of Jaseng Hospital of Oriental Medicine between june 2014 and December 2014. Two independent doctors of Korean medicine（DKMs） determined the diagnosis of BSS or non-BSS based on the subjects＇ signs and symptoms. The scores assigned to BSS symptoms and DKMs＇ reasons for diagnosing BSS in patients with traumatic injury were investigated. Both medication and herbal prescription records from a 3-month period were collected for all patients diagnosed with BSS by both DKMs. Results： A total of 169 of 204（82.8%） patients received consistent diagnosis related to BSS by two DKMs. Among them, 54.4%（92 cases） were diagnosed with BSS, and 45.6%（77 cases） were not diagnosed with BSS. DKMs most frequently cited symptoms of recent traumatic injury as justifications for BSS diagnoses, and also selected pain-related indicators such as abdominal pain, sharp pain and nocturnal pain as important reasons in diagnosing BSS. In addition, an inconsistency in the pattern identification theory with respect to traumatic injury was observed. Although only 92 cases（54.4%） of patients were diagnosed with BSS, 77.6% of them were prescribed decoctions for BSS. Conclusions： DKMs considered traumatic injury could cause BSS, and utilized decoction for BSS in patients with traumatic injury without confirming a diagnosis of BSS because they assumed the main symptoms or pathologies of traumatic injury to be closely related to BSS.

关键词： blood stasis syndrome Korean medicine traumatic injury herbal medicine diagnosis pattern identification

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Solar Power Plant Network Packet-Based Anomaly Detection System for Cybersecurity

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第10期77卷 757-779页

作者： ju Hyeon lee Jiho Shin jung Taek seo Department of Information security Gachon UniversitySeongnam13120Korea Police Science Institute Korean National Police UniversityAsan31539Korea Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversitySeongnam13120Korea

As energy-related problems continue to emerge,the need for stable energy supplies and issues regarding both environmental and safety require urgent *** energy is becoming increasingly important,with solar power accounting for the most significant proportion of *** the scale and importance of solar energy have increased,cyber threats against solar power plants have also ***,we need an anomaly detection system that effectively detects cyber threats to solar power ***,as mentioned earlier,the existing solar power plant anomaly detection system monitors only operating information such as power generation,making it difficult to detect *** address this issue,in this paper,we propose a network packet-based anomaly detection system for the Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)of the inverter,an essential system of photovoltaic plants,to detect cyber *** and vulnerabilities in solar power plants were analyzed to identify cyber threats in solar power *** analysis shows that Denial of service(DoS)and Manin-the-Middle(MitM)attacks are primarily carried out on inverters,aiming to disrupt solar plant *** develop an anomaly detection system,we performed preprocessing,such as correlation analysis and normalization for PLC network packets data and trained various machine learning-based classification models on such *** Random Forest model showed the best performance with an accuracy of 97.36%.The proposed system can detect anomalies based on network packets,identify potential cyber threats that cannot be identified by the anomaly detection system currently in use in solar power plants,and enhance the security of solar plants.

关键词： Renewable energy solar power plant cyber threat cybersecurity anomaly detection machine learning network packet

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Evaluation of the Mrp2-mediated flavonoid-drug interaction potential of quercetin in rats and in vitro models

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2019年第6期14卷 621-630页

作者： ju-Hee Oh Joo Hyun lee Young-Joo lee Division of Biopharmaceutics College of PharmacyKyung Hee UniversitySeoul 02447Republic of Korea Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyKyung Hee UniversitySeoul 02447Republic of Korea

Quercetin is a biologically active flavonoid that has been used as a popular health *** is reported that quercetin may cause flavonoid-drug interaction mediated by P-glycoprotein,the most predominant efflux *** this study,we comprehensively evaluated the potential of the pharmacokinetic interaction of quercetin mediated by multidrug resistance-associated protein 2(MRP2),another major efflux ***2-transfected MDCKII cells and LS174T cells were used to evaluate the potential inhibition and induction of MRP2 by quercetin in *** evaluate the induction effect of quercetin on Mrp2 in vivo,Mrp2 mRNA expression in rat liver,kidney,and small intestinal tissues was determined after the oral administration of quercetin(50,100,or 250 mg/kg)for seven ***2-mediated interaction potential was also evaluated by the pharmacokinetic study of phenolsulfonphthalein in rats after single or multiple doses of ***,the effect of quercetin on absorption of docetaxel,a P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4 substrate,was also *** inhibited the function of MRP2 at 10μM and induced the mRNA expression of MRP2 at 50μM in ***,at 100 mg/kg,quercetin markedly increased Mrp2 expression in the small intestine of ***,there was no significant change in phenolsulfonphthalein pharmacokinetics due to single-(50,100,or 250 mg/kg)or multiple-dose(50,100,or 250 mg/kg for seven days)quercetin *** contrast,a significant interaction caused by quercetin(100 mg/kg)was observed in the absorption of *** results suggested that although quercetin modulates the function and expression of MRP2 in vitro,it may have a low potential of Mrp2-mediated interaction and present negligible safety concerns related to the interaction.

关键词： Quercetin P-glycoprotein Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 Pharmacokinetics Flavonoid-drug interaction

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selective conversion of N_(2) to NH_(3) on highly dispersed RuO_(2) using amphiphilic ionic liquid-anchored fibrous carbon structure

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第4期31卷 474-482页

作者： Kahyun Ham Muhammad Salman Sunki Chung Minjun Choi HyungKuk ju Hye Jin lee Jaeyoung lee School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST)123 Cheomdangwagi-RoGwangju 61005South Korea International Future Research Center of Chemical Energy Storage and Conversion Processes GIST123 Cheomdangwagi-RoGwangju 61005South Korea Ertl Center for Electrochemical and Catalysis GIST123 Cheomdangwagi-RoGwangju 61005South Korea Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center Kyungpook National University80 Daehak-RoDaegu-city 41566South Korea Hydrogen Research Department Korea Institute of Energy Research152 Gajeong-RoYuseong-guDaejeon 34129South Korea

Ammonia (NH_(3)) plays a key role in the agricultural fertilizer and commodity chemical industries and is useful for exploring hydrogen storage *** electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is receiving attention as an environmentally sustainable NH_(3) synthesis replacement for the traditional Haber–Bosch process owing to its near ambient reaction conditions (se of the sluggish kinetics of N≡N bond dissociation and the hindrance from competitive hydrogen *** overcome these challenges,we herein introduce a dual-functionalized ionic liquid (1-(4-hydroxybutyl)-3-methylimidazolium hydroxide[HOBIM]OH) for a highly dispersed ruthenium oxide electrocatalyst to achieve a biased *** observed uniform distribution of RuO_(2) on the carbon fiber and increase in the surface area for N_(2) adsorption by limiting proton access can be attributed to the presence of imidazolium ***,extensive N_(2) adsorption contributes to enhanced NRR selectivity with an NH_(3) yield of 3.0×10^(-10)mol cm^(-2)s^(-1)(91.8μg h^(-1)mg^(-1)) and a faradaic efficiency of 2.2%at-0.20 V_(RHE).We expect our observations to provide new insights into the design of effective electrode structures for electrochemical NH;synthesis.

关键词： Ammonia synthesis Nitrogen reduction reaction Imidazolium-based ionic liquid Ruthenium oxide

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Diagnostic Indicators for Blood Stasis Syndrome Patients with Gynaecological Diseases

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第10期24卷 752-757页

作者： Jeeyoun jung Mi Mi Ko Myeong Soo lee So Min lee ju Ah lee Korea Medicine Fundamental Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Clinical Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine

Objective： To investigate the important diagnostic indicators for blood stasis syndrome （BSS） in patients of childbearing age with gynaecological diseases. Methods： A partial least squared-discriminant analysis （PLS-DA） were applied to BSS symptoms data of patients with gynaecological diseases, and the diagnostic indicators used by doctors of Korean medicine （DKMs） among BSS patients with gynaecological diseases were also investigated. Results： A total of 103 patients of childbearing age with gynaecological diseases and 40 healthy controls were enrolled. Among the 103 patients, 63 （61.7%） and 40 （38.8%） were diagnosed with BSS and non-BSS, respectively, and BSS patients exhibited a more severe extent of disease. A score plot of PLS-DA showed clearly different patterns among the 3 groups. Based on the variable importance on projection of PLS-DA model, menstrual pains, dark lumps in the menstrual blood, ileocoecal tenderness and resistance, sharp pains, and sublingual varicosities were selected as the top five most important indicators. Moreover, more than 75% of DKMs chose dark lumps in menstrual blood, menstrual pain, and dark menstrual blood as the diagnostic indicators of BSS in patients with gynaecological diseases, and more than 49% of them also considered sharp pains, dark red tongue, sublingual varicosities, and tendency to bruise easily as diagnostic indicators of BSS. Conclusion： DKMs focused on menstrual symptoms and certain gynaecological symptoms to diagnose BSS patients of childbearing age with female diseases.

关键词： blood stasis syndrome diagnosis gynaecological disease pattern identification

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Evaluation of leaching characteristic and kinetic study of lithium from lithium aluminum silicate glass-ceramics by NaOH

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第9期33卷 98-110页

作者： Dongseok lee Sung-Ho Joo Dong ju Shin Shun Myung Shin Resources Recovery Research Center Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources(KIGAM)124 Gwahak-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34132Republic of Korea Department of Resources Recycling University of Science and Technology(UST)217Gajeong-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea

The behavior and mechanism of Li leaching from lithium aluminum silicate glass-ceramics which can be used as a secondary source of Li using aqueous NaOH solution was *** Li leaching efficiency is increased with increasing concentration of NaOH, specific surface area, and reaction *** leached under optimum conditions, 2 mol/L NaOH, 53 μm particle undersize, 1:10 solid/liquid ratio, 250 r/min stirring speed, 100℃ reaction temperature, 12 hr, the Li leaching efficiency was approximately 70%.However, when the leaching experiment was performed for 48 hr, the concentration of Li+ ions contained in the leach liquor decreased from 1160 to 236 mg/*** investigate the origin of this phenomenon, the obtained leach residue was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray *** analyses show that zeolite was formed around the lithium aluminum silicate glass-ceramics, which affected the leaching of by adsorbing Li+ *** addition, using the shrinking-core model and the Arrhenius equation, the leaching reaction with NaOH was found to depends on the chemical reaction of the two reactants, with a higher than 41.84 kJ/mol of the activation energy.

关键词： Lithium aluminum silicate glass-ceramics NaOH Lithium Leaching

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Nitrile Electrolyte Strategy for 4.9 V-Class Lithium-Metal Batteries Operating in Flame

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第3期6卷 229-237页

作者： Hyunseok Moon Sung-ju Cho Dae-Eun Yu Sang-Young lee Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Korea Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeley CA USA Batteries R&D Center LG Energy SolutionDaejeon 34122Korea

Challenges facing high-voltage/high-capacity cathodes,in addition to the longstanding problems pertinent to lithium(Li)-metal anodes,should be addressed to develop high-energy-density Li-metal *** issue mostly stems from interfacial instability between electrodes and *** carbonate-or ether-based liquid electrolytes suffer from not only volatility and flammability but also limited electrochemical stability ***,we report a nitrile electrolyte strategy based on concentrated nitrile electrolytes(CNEs)with *** CNE consists of high-concentration lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(LiFSI)in a solvent mixture of succinonitrile(SN)/acetonitrile(AN).The SN/AN solvent mixture is designed to ensure high oxidation stability along with thermal stability,which are prerequisites for high-voltage Li-metal *** CNE exhibits interfacial stability with Li metals due to the coordinated solvation *** nitrate(LiNO_(3))and indium fluoride(InF_(3))are incorporated in the CNE as synergistic co-additives to further stabilize solid-electrolyte interphase(seI)on Li *** resulting electrolyte(CNE+LiNO_(3)/InF_(3))enables stable cycling performance in Li||LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)and 4.9 V-class Li||LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)***,the Li||LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)cell maintains its electrochemical activity at high temperature(100℃)and even in flame without fire or explosion.

关键词： 4.9 V-class cathodes electrolyte-electrode interfaces lithium-metal batteries nitrile electrolytes safety

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Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease presenting with bilateral hearing loss:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第18期10卷 6333-6337页

作者： seunghee Na se A lee Jong Dae lee Eek-Sung lee Tae-Kyeong lee Department of Neurology Incheon St.Mary’s HospitalThe Catholic University of KoreaIncheon 21431South Korea Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Soonchunhyang University Bucheon HospitalBucheon 14584South Korea Department of Neurology Soonchunhyang University Bucheon HospitalBucheon 14584South Korea

BACKGROUND Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(s CJD)is a prion disease characterized as a fatal transmissible neurodegenerative *** is often the first presenting symptom of s CJD,but hearing loss as an early manifestation is very *** SUMMARY A 76-year-old man presented with bilateral sudden hearing impairment and dizziness for 10 *** was taking medications for hypertension and *** denied any difficulty with activities of daily living or hearing impairment before the onset of *** tone audiometry showed bilateral severe hearing *** magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and laboratory tests were within normal *** his diagnosis of sudden sensory hearing loss,the patient received corticosteroid treatment but it was *** weeks later,he complained of aggravated gait impairment,disorientation,and cognitive *** brain MRI showed diffuse cortical high signal intensities on diffusion-weighted *** cerebrospinal fluid analysis,the real-time quaking-induced conversion assay was positive,and 14-3-3 protein was detected in the by western *** all the data,we diagnosed probable s CJD,and the patient’s symptoms rapidly progressed into akinetic *** For patients with abrupt bilateral hearing impairment,especially in the elderly,various differential diagnoses,including s CJD,should be considered.

关键词： Case report Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Bilateral hearing loss Diffusion-weighted imaging Real-time quaking-induced conversion assay

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