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Adaptation in brain structure and respiratory and olfactory structures across environmental gradients in African and North American muroid rodents

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 165-181页

作者： Peter J.TAYLOr Aluwani NENGOVHELA Christiane dENYS Graham r.scott Catherine m.IVY department of Zoology School of Natural and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa Afromontane Unit Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of the Free StatePhuthaditjhabaSouth Africa department of mammalogy National MuseumBloemfonteinSouth Africa Institut de Systématique EvolutionBiodiversité(ISYEB)Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleCNRSSorbonne UniversitéEPHEUniversitéDes AntillesParisFrance department of biology McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Guglielmo and Shoemaker Labs Advanced Facility for Avian ResearchUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada

morphometric studies of 3d micro CT-scanned images can provide insights into the evolution of the brain and sensory structures but such data are still scarce for the most diverse mammalian order of *** reviewed and new data,we tested for convergence to extreme aridity and high elevation in the sensory and brain morphology of rodents,from morphometric data from micro-CT X-ray scans of 174 crania of 16 species of three distantly re-lated African murid(soft-furred mice,Praomyini,laminate-toothed rats,Otomyini,and gerbils,Gerbillinae)clades and one North American cricetid(deer mice and white-footed mice,Peromyscus)*** studies demon-strated convergent evolution acting on the oval window area of the cochlea(enlarged in extremely arid-adapted species of Otomyini and Gerbillinae)and on endocranial volume(reduced in high elevation taxa of Otomyini and Peromyscus).However,contrary to our predictions,we did notfind evidence of convergence in brain struc-ture to aridity,or in the olfactory/respiratory system(turbinate bones)to high *** structure differed,particularly in the petrosal lobules of the cerebellum and the olfactory bulbs,between Otomyini and Gerbillinae,with extreme arid-adapted species in each clade being highly divergent(not convergent)from other species in the same *** observed greater“packing”of the maxillary turbinate bones,which have important respiratory functions,in Peromyscus mice from high and low elevations compared to the high-elevation African Praomyini,but more complex patterns within Peromyscus,probably related to trade-offs in respiratory physiology and heat exchange in the nasal epithelium associated with high-elevation adaptation.

关键词： 3d morphometrics Africa brain size North America rodentia sensory evolution

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美国结直肠外科医师协会2019版藏毛窦诊治临床实践指南

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结直肠肛门外科 2019年第4期25卷 363-374页

作者： Eric K.Johnson,m.d. Jon d.Vogel,m.d. michelle L.Cowan,m.d. daniel L.Feingold,m.d. scott r.steele,m.d.,m.b.a. 杜涛张振宇冷株赟傅传刚 Uniform.d.Services University of the Health Sciences Cleveland Clinic Foundation department of Surgery University of Colorado department of Surgery New York Presbyterian Hospital Columbia University department of Colon and rectal Surgery Cleveland Clinic Foundation 同济大学附属东方医院胃肠肛肠外科

美国结直肠外科医师协会(The American Society of Colon and rectal Surgeons,ASCrS)于2019年2月公布了最新的藏毛窦诊治临床实践指南。指南是由国际知名结直肠外科专家组成的临床实践指南委员会修订,对藏毛窦的一些争议进行了汇总和... 详细信息

美国结直肠外科医师协会(The American Society of Colon and rectal Surgeons,ASCrS)于2019年2月公布了最新的藏毛窦诊治临床实践指南。指南是由国际知名结直肠外科专家组成的临床实践指南委员会修订,对藏毛窦的一些争议进行了汇总和分析。

关键词：藏毛窦治疗指南美国结直肠外科医师协会循证医学

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Excellent photoluminescence and electrochemical properties of Sm^(3+) doped Ca_(2)mgSi_(2)O_(7) nanophosphor:display and electrochemical sensor applications

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Journal of rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1046-1055,I0002页

作者： r.b.basavaraj K.Sureshkumar d.P.Aarti m.b.m.d.usudana reddy G.Nagaraju T.ramakrishnappa G.r.Navyashree K.r.Venkatesha babu K.S.Hemalatha department of Physics BMS Institute of Technology and ManagementBangalore560064India department of Chemistry BMS Institute of Technology and ManagementBangalore560064India department of Chemistry School of Applied SciencesREVA UniversityBangalore560064India Energy materials researchLaboratory Department of ChemistrySiddaganga Institute of TechnologyTumakuru57203KarnatakaIndia School of Physical Sciences REVA UniversityBangalore560057Indi department of Physics Govt.Science CollegeBengaluru560001India department of Physics Maharani Science College for WomenMaharani Cluster UniversityBengaluru560001India

A series of orange-red light emitting Ca_(2)mgSi_(2)O_(7):Sm^(3+)nanopowders were fabricated via low-cost ecofriendly green combustion technique using Aloe vera gel as *** phase purity of the samples were confirm.d.by the powder X-ray diffraction(PXrd)*** single-phase tetragonal structure is observed from the PXrd results with no additional impurity *** band gap energy of the fabricated powders was estimated by diffuse reflectance spectra(drS)and is found to be in the range of 4.01-5.98 eV.A high resolution scanning electron microscope(SEm)was used to study the morphological behaviour of the ***-like structures are observed from the SEm *** particle size was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy(TEm)and is found to be~50 *** interplanar distance is found to be 0.53 *** properties were systematically studied in *** phosphors are successfully excited at 403 nm NUV light,producing reddish-orange characteristic *** emission peaks are centered at 558(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(5/2)),607(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(7/2))and 645 nm(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(9/2)),*** the observed peaks the red emanation(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(7/2))is stronger than the orange emission(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(5/2))in the current *** photoluminescent concentration quenching is noticed above 5 mol%Sm^(3+)ion doping *** dipole-dipole interaction resulting in cross relaxation is found to be the principal cause of concentration quenching *** color features such as Commission Internationale de I’Eclairage(CIE)and correlated color temperature(CCT)were studied in *** optimized chromaticity coordinates were estimated to be(0.6363,0.3632),which fall in the reddish-orange *** average CCT value obtained is 3362 *** average color purity is found to be~82%.Sm^(3+)incorporated Ca_(2)mgSi_(2)O_(7) samples are possible contender for single white light generation commercial candidates owing to

关键词： Green combustion Photoluminescence Orange-red emission Color purity Sensors rare earths

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Ion heat transport in electron cyclotron resonance heated L-m.d. plasma on the T-10 tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第4期26卷 52-60页

作者： V.A.KrUPIN m.r.NUrGALIEV A.r.NEmETS I.A.ZEmTSOV S.d.SUNTSOV T.b.mYALTON d.S.SErGEEV N.A.SOLOVEV d.V.SArYCHEV d.V.rYJAKOV S.N.TUGArINOV N.N.NAUmENKO National research Centre“Kurchatov Institute” Moscow 123182Russia bauman moscow State Technical University Moscow 105005Russia Institution“Project Center ITEr” Moscow 123098Russia JSC“SOLAr” Minsk 220034Belarus

Anomalous ion heat transport is analyzed in the T-10 tokamak plasma heated with electron cyclotron resonance heating(ECrH) in second-harmonic extra-ordinary m.d.. Predictive m.d.ling with empirical scaling for Ohmical heat conductivity shows that in ECrH plasmas the calculated ion temperature could be overestimated, so an increase of anomalous ion heat transport is required. To study this effect two scans are presented: over the EC resonance position and over the ECrH power. The EC resonance position varies from the high-field side to the low-field side by variation of the toroidal magnetic field. The scan over the heating power is presented with on-axis and mixed ECrH regimes. discharges with high anomalous ion heat transport are obtained in all considered regimes. In these discharges the power balance ion heat conductivity exceeds the neoclassical level by up to 10 times. The high ion heat transport regimes are distinguished by three parameters: the ratio Te/Ti, the normalized electron density gradient r/■, and the ion–ion collisionality νii~*. The combination of high Te/Ti, high νii~*, and r/■=6-10 results in values of normalized anomalous ion heat fluxes up to 10 times higher than in the low transport scenario.

关键词： tokamak L-m.d. electron cyclotron resonance heating ion heat transport

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Greatly enhanced corrosion/wear resistances of epoxy coating for mg alloy through a synergistic effect between functionalized graphene and insulated blocking layer

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 332-344页

作者： Z.Y.Xue X.J.Li J.H.Chu m.m.Li d.N.Zou L.b.Tong School of metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China State Key Laboratory of Advanced design and manufacturing for Vehicle body Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

The poor corrosion and wear resistances of mg alloys seriously limit their potential applications in various *** conventional epoxy coating easily forms many intrinsic defects during the solidification process,which cannot provide sufficient *** the current study,we design a double-layer epoxy composite coating on mg alloy with enhanced anti-corrosion/wear properties,via the spin-assisted assembly *** outer layer is functionalized graphene(FG)in waterborne epoxy resin(WEP)and the inner layer is Ce-based conversion(Ce)*** FG sheets can be homogeneously dispersed within the epoxy matrix to fill the intrinsic defects and improve the barrier *** Ce film connects the outer layer with the substrate,showing the transition *** corrosion rate of Ce/WEP/FG composite coating is 2131 times lower than that of bare mg alloy,and the wear rate is decreased by~90%.The improved corrosion resistance is attributed to the labyrinth effect(hindering the penetration of corrosive m.d.um)and the obstruction of galvanic coupling *** synergistic effect derived from the FG sheet and blocking layer exhibits great potential in realizing the improvement of multi-functional integration,which will open up a new avenue for the development of novel composite protection coatings of mg alloys.

关键词： mg alloy Functionalized graphene Epoxy coating Corrosion/wear resistance blocking layer

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Antibacterial HA-coatings on bioresorbable mg alloy

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1965-1985页

作者： K.V.Nadaraia d.V.mashtalyar m.A.Piatkova A.I.Pleshkova I.m.Imshinetskiy m.S.Gerasimenko E.A.belov V.V.Kumeiko d.N.Kozyrev K.A.Fomenko V.V.mostovaya b.r.Torpanov A.r.biktimirov I.S.Osmushko S.L.Sinebryukhov S.V.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry FEb rAS 159 Pr.100-letiya VladivostokaVladivostok 690022Russia Far Eastern Federal University 10 Ajax BayRussky IslandVladivostok 690922Russia A.V.Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of marine biology FEb rAS 17 St.PalchevskogoVladivostok 690041Russia regional Clinical dermatovenerological dispensary 18 V St.GamarnikaVladivostok 690033Russia NmIC“Treatment and rehabilitation Center” 3 Ivankovskoe highwayMoscow 125367Russia

In this study,a calcium-phosphate coating was form.d.on a mg-mn-Ce alloy by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO).The antibiotic vancomycin,widely used in the treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus(***),was impregnated into the *** with vancomycin showed high bactericidal activity against *** mechanical and electrochemical properties of the form.d.coatings were studied,as well as in vitro cytotoxicity tests and in vivo tests on mature male rats were *** to SEm,EdS,Xrd and XPS data,coatings had a developed morphology and contained hydroxyapatite,which indicates high *** analysis of roughness of coatings without and with vancomycin did not reveal any differences,confirming the high roughness of the *** electrochemical tests,an increase in corrosion resistance by more than two times after the application of PEO coatings was *** to the results of an in vivo study,after 28 days of the implantation of samples with calcium phosphate PEO coating and vancomycin,no signs of inflammation were observed,while an inflammatory reaction developed in the area of implantation of bare alloy,followed by *** release tests from the coatings show a sharp decrease in the concentration of the released antibiotic on day 7 and then a gradual decrease until day *** the experiment,no significant deviations in the condition and behavior of the animals were observed;clinical tests did not reveal a systemic toxic reaction.

关键词： bioactive coatings biocompatibility mg alloy Plasma electrolytic oxidation Hydroxyapatite Vancomycin

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美国结直肠外科医师协会2019版肠道准备在择期结直肠手术中的应用临床实践指南

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结直肠肛门外科 2019年第4期25卷 375-380页

作者： John migaly,m.d. Andrea C.bafford,m.d. Todd d.Francone,m.d.,m.P.H. Wolfgang b.Gaertner,m.d.,m.Sc. Cagla Eskicioglu,m.d.,m.Sc.,F.r.C.S.C. Liliana bordeianou,m.d.,m.P.H. daniel L.Feingold,m.d. scott r.steele,m.d.,m.b.a. 刘孟承王恺京杜涛傅传刚 department of Surgery Duke University School of Medicine department of Surgery University of Maryland Medical Center department of Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital division of Colorectal Surgery University of Minnesota Health department of Surgery Michael G.DeGroote School of Medicine McMaster University department of Surgery Columbia University Irving Medical Center department of Colorectal Surgery Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio 同济大学附属东方医院胃肠肛肠外科

美国结直肠外科医师协会(The American Society of Colon and rectal Surgeons,ASCrS)于2019年1月公布了最新的肠道准备在择期结直肠手术中的应用临床实践指南。该指南是由国际知名结直肠外科专家组成的临床实践指南委员会修订,对肠道... 详细信息

美国结直肠外科医师协会(The American Society of Colon and rectal Surgeons,ASCrS)于2019年1月公布了最新的肠道准备在择期结直肠手术中的应用临床实践指南。该指南是由国际知名结直肠外科专家组成的临床实践指南委员会修订,对肠道准备的一些争议进行了汇总和分析。

关键词：结直肠手术肠道准备治疗指南美国结直肠外科医师协会循证医学

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radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

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matter and radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： m.r.d.rodrigues A.bonasera m.Scisciò J.A.Pérez-Hernández m.Ehret F.Filippi P.L.Andreoli m.Huault H.Larreur d.Singappuli d.molloy d.raffestin m.Alonzo G.G.rapisarda d.Lattuada G.L.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.Petringa A.mcNamee m.La Cognata S.Palmerini T.Carriere m.Cipriani G.di Giorgio G.Cristofari r.de Angelis G.A.P.Cirrone d.margarone L.Giuffrida d.batani P.Nicolai K.batani r.Lera L.Volpe d.Giulietti S.Agarwal m.Krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori Nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance Hb11 Energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELI beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic ETSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of meV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for m.d.cal *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)b(p,α)^(7)be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)b(p,α)^(8)be relevant for energy *** experiment was perform.d.at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura and bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

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Single atom Cu-N-C catalysts for the electro-reduction of CO_(2) to CO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： S.Pérez-rodríguez m.Gutiérrez-roa C.Giménez-rubio d.ríos-ruiz P.Arévalo-Cid m.V.martínez-Huerta A.Zitolo m.J.Lázaro d.Sebastián Instituto de Carboquímica(CSIC) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica(CSIC) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain Synchrotron SOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)rr) to controllable chemicals is considered as a promising pathway to store intermittent renewable energy. Herein, a set of catalysts based on copper-nitrogendoped carbon xerogel(Cu-N-C) are successfully developed varying the copper amount and the nature of the copper precursor, for the efficient CO_(2)rr. The electrocatalytic performance of Cu-N-C materials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(rrdE), technique still rarely explored for CO_(2)rr. For comparison, products are also characterized by online gas chromatography in a H-cell. The as-synthesized Cu-NC catalysts are found to be active and highly CO selective at low overpotentials(from -0.6 to -0.8 V ***) in 0.1 m KHCO_(3), while H_(2) from the competitive water reduction appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 V vs. rHE). The optimum copper acetate-derived catalyst containing Cu-N_(4) moieties exhibits a CO_(2)-to-CO turnover frequency of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. rHE with a H_(2)/CO ratio of 1.8. These results demonstrate that rrdE configuration can be used as a feasible approach for identifying electrolysis products from CO_(2)rr.

关键词： Cu-N-C Carbon xerogel rotating ring disc electrode Carbon dioxide reduction reaction Carbon monoxide

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detailed characterization of kHz-rate laser-driven fusion at a thin liquid sheet with a neutron detection suite

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 13-23页

作者： benjamin m.Knight Connor m.Gautam Colton r.Stoner bryan V.Egner Joseph r.Smith Chris m.Orban Juan J.manfredi Kyle d.Frische michael L.dexter Enam A.Chowdhury Anil K.Patnaik department of Engineering Physics Air Force Institute of TechnologyWPAFBOHUSA Physics department Marietta CollegeMariettaOHUSA department of Physics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA department of materials Science and Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer ScienceThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Intense Energy Solutions LLCPlain CityOHUSA

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 mJ, 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(<1 μm) d_2O liquid sheet employing a measurement suite. At relativistic inte... 详细信息

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 mJ, 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(m) d_2O liquid sheet employing a measurement suite. At relativistic intensity(~ 5 × 10^(18)W/cm^(2))and high repetition rate(1 kHz), the system produces deuterium.d.uterium.d.d) fusion, allowing for consistent neutron generation. Evidence of d-d fusion neutron production is verified by a measurement suite with three independent detection systems: an EJ-309 organic scintillator with pulse-shape discrimination, a ~3He proportional counter and a set of 36 bubble detectors. Time-of-flight analysis of the scintillator data shows the energy of the produced neutrons to be consistent with 2.45 meV. Particle-in-cell simulations using the WarpX code support significant neutron production from.d.d fusion events in the laser±target interaction region. This high-repetition-rate laser-driven neutron source could provide a low-cost, on-demand test bed for radiation hardening and imaging applications.

关键词： high-repetition-rate laser-driven fusion laser-plasma interaction liquid target neutron detectors

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