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Electrochemical realization of 3d Interconnected moS_(3)/PPy Nanowire Frameworks as Sulfur-Equivalent Cathode materials for Li-S batteries

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Energy & Environmental materials 2024年第2期7卷 9-17页

作者： Hongtao Yu Andreas Siebert Shilin mei raul Garcia-diez roberto Félix Ting Quan Yaolin Xu Johannes Frisch regan G.Wilks marcus bär Chun Pei Yan Lu department for Electrochemical Energy Storage Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH(HZB)Hahn-Meitner Platz 114109 BerlinGermany Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of durability for marine Civil Engineering School of Civil EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518060China department of Interface design HZBAlbert-Einstein-Str.1512489 BerlinGermany Energy materials In-Situ Laboratory berlin(EmIL) Albert-Einstein-Str.1512489 BerlinGermany Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for renewable Energy(HI ErN) Albert-Einstein-Str.1512489 BerlinGermany department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstr.391058Erlangen Germany Institute of Chemistry University of Potsdam14467Potsdam Germany

The development of freestanding and binder-free electrode is an effective approach to perform the inherent capacity of active materials and promote the mechanism study by minimizing the interference from ***,we construct a freestanding cathode composed of moS_(3)/PPy nanowires(NWs)deposited on porous nickel foam(NF)(moS_(3)/PPy/NF)through electrochemical methods,which can work efficiently as sulfur-equivalent cathode material for Li-S *** structural stability of the moS_(3)/PPy/NF cathode is greatly enhanced due to its significant tolerance to the volume expansion of moS_(3)during the lithiation process,which we ascribe to the flexible 3d framework of PPy NWs,leading to superior cycling performance compared to the bulk-moS_(3)/NF *** the interference of binder and carbon additives,the evolution of the chemical and electronic structure of mo and S species during the discharge/charge was studied by X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy(XANES).The formation of lithium polysulfides was excluded as the driving cathode reaction mechanism,suggesting the great potential of moS_(3)as a promising sulfur-equivalent cathode material to evade the shuttle effect for Li-S *** present study successfully demonstrates the importance of structural design of freestanding electrode enhancing the cycling performances and revealing the corresponding mechanisms.

关键词： 3d-Network electrochemical lithium-sulfur battery moS_(3) PPy

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LKb1 depletion-m.d.ated epithelial-mesenchymal transition induces fibroblast activation in lung fibrosis

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Genes & diseases 2024年第3期11卷 417-426页

作者： Zijian Xu Elizabeth r.davies Liudi Yao Yilu Zhou Juanjuan Li Aiman Alzetani ben G.marshall david Hancock Tim Wallis Julian downward rob m.Ewing donna E.davies mark G.Jones Yihua Wang biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK clinical and Experimental Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK NIHr Southampton biom.d.cal research Centre University Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK University Hospital Southampton Southampton SO166YDUK Oncogene biology The Francis Crick InstituteLondon NW11ATUK

The factors that determine fibrosis progression or normal tissue repair are largely *** previously demonstrated that autophagy inhibition-m.d.ated epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EmT)in human alveolar epithelial type Il(ATIl)cells augments local myofibroblast differentiation in pulmonary fibrosis by paracrine ***,we report that liver kinase b1(LKb1)inactivation in ATIl cells inhibits autophagy and induces EmT as a *** IPF lungs,this is caused by the down-regulation of CAb39L,a key subunit within the LKb1 complex.3d co-cultures of ATIl cells and mrC5 lung fibroblasts coupled with rNA sequencing(rNA-seq)confirm.d.that paracrine signaling between LKb1-depleted ATIl cells and fibroblasts augmented myofibroblast ***,these data suggest that reduced autophagy caused by LKb1 inhibition can induce EmT in ATIl cells and contribute to fibrosis via aberrant epithelial-fibroblast crosstalk.

关键词： CAb39L Crosstalk EmT LKb1 Pulmonary fibrosis

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Exact solutions for magnetohydrodynamic nanofluids flow and heat transfer over a permeable axisymmetric radially stretching/shrinking sheet

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Chinese Physics b 2024年第2期33卷 108-114页

作者： U.S.mahabaleshwar G.P.Vanitha L.m.Pérez Em.d.H.Aly I.Pop department of Studies in mathematics Davangere UniversityShivagangothriDavangereIndia departamento de F´ısica FACIUniversidad de Tarapac´aCasilla 7DAricaChile department of mathematics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt department of mathematics Babes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

We report on the magnetohydrodynamic impact on the axisymmetric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanoparticles suspended in H_(2)O past a stretched/shrinked *** the use of partial differential equations and the corresponding thermophysical characteristics of nanoparticles,the physical flow process is *** resultant nonlinear system of partial differential equations is converted into a system of ordinary differential equations using the suitable similarity *** transform.d.differential equations are solved *** of the magnetic parameter,solid volume fraction and stretching/shrinking parameter on momentum and temperature distribution have been analyzed and interpreted *** skin friction and Nusselt number were also *** addition,existence of dual solution was deduced for the shrinking sheet and unique solution for the stretching ***,Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O nanofluid flow has better thermal conductivity on comparing with Cu/H_(2)O ***,it was found that the first solutions of the stream are stable and physically realizable,whereas those of the second ones are unstable.

关键词： magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid stretching/shrinking sheet axisymmetric flow analytical solution suction/injection

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Efficient guiding and focusing of intense laser pulse using periodic thin slits

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matter and radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 29-39页

作者： L.Xu T.W.Huang K.Jiang C.N.Wu H.Peng P.C.hen r.Li H.b.Zhuo C.T.Zhou Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultraintense Laser and Advanced material Technology Center for Intense Laser ApplicationTechnologyand College of Engineering PhysicsShenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China

Slits have been widely used in laser-plasma interactions as plasma optical components for generating high-harmonic light and controlling laser-driven particle ***,we propose and demonstrate that periodic thin slits can be regarded as a new breed of optical elements for efficient focusing and guiding of intense laser *** fundamental physics of intense laser interaction with thin slits is studied,and it is revealed that relativistic effects can lead to enhanced laser focusing far beyond the pure diffractive focusing *** addition,the interaction of an intense laser pulse with periodic thin slits makes it feasible to achieve multifold enhancement in both laser intensity and energy transfer efficiency compared with conventional *** results provide a novel method for manipulating ultra-intense laser pulses and should be of interest for many laser-based applications.

关键词： laser pulse intense

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Ultrafast magneto-optical dynamics in nickel(111)single crystal studied by the integration of ultrafast reflectivity and polarimetry probes

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Chinese Physics b 2024年第3期33卷 65-69页

作者：匡皓余军潇陈洁 H.E.Elsayed-Ali 李润泽 Peter m.rentzepis School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Center for Transformative Science ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education)Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA)School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginia 23529USA department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA

With the integration of ultrafast reflectivity and polarimetry probes,we observed carrier relaxation and spin dynamics induced by ultrafast laser excitation of Ni(111)single *** carrier relaxation time within the linear excitation range reveals that electron-phonon coupling and dissipation of photon energy into the bulk of the crystal take tens of *** the other hand,the observed spin dynamics indicate a longer time of about 120 *** further understand how the lattice degree of freedom is coupled with these dynamics may require the integration of an ultrafast diffraction probe.

关键词： ultrafast spin dynamics non-equilibrium.d.namics multi-probe

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由超拍电子伏特加速器产生的超高能伽马射线气泡

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Science bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 449-457页

作者： LHAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao Chuandong Gao Cong Li ruo-Yu Liu ruizhi Yang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic ray research Center ChengduChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

We report the detection of aγ-ray bubble spanning at least 100deg2 in ultra-high energy(UHE)up to a few PeV in the direction of the star-forming region Cygnus X,implying the presence super PeVatron(s)accelerating protons to at least 10 PeV.A log-parabola form with the photon indexΓ(E)=(2.71±0.02)+(0.11±0.02)×log10(E/10 TeV)is found fitting the gamma-ray energy spectrum of the bubble *** sources,“hot spots”correlated with very massive molecular clouds,and a quasi-spherical amorphousγ-ray emitter with a sharp central brightening are observed in the *** the core of~0.5°,spatially associating with a region containing massive Ob association(Cygnus Ob2)and a microquasar(Cygnus X-3),as well as previously reported multi-TeV sources,an enhanced concentration of UHEγ-rays is observed with 2 photons at energies above 1 *** general feature of the bubble,the morphology,and the energy spectrum,are reasonably reproduced by the assumption of a particle accelerator in the core,continuously injecting protons into the ambient m.d.um.

关键词： Cosmic rays γ-rays Interstellar m.d.um Star cluster

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Quantum-mechanical effects in photoluminescence from thin crystalline gold films

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 783-794页

作者： Alan r.bowman Alvaro rodríguez Echarri Fatemeh Kiani Fadil Iyikanat Ted V.Tsoulos Joel d.Cox ravishankar Sundararaman F.Javier García de Abajo Giulia Tagliabue Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies(LNET) STIÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland ICFO–Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyCastelldefels(Barcelona)Spain. mbI–max-born-Institut BerlinGermany. POLImA–Center for Polariton-driven Light–matter Interactions University of Southern DenmarkOdense MDenmark. danish Institute for Advanced Study University of Southern DenmarkOdense MDenmark. department of materials Science&Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNYUSA. department of Physics Applied Physicsand AstronomyRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNYUSA. ICrEA–Institucio Catalana de recerca i Estudis Avancats BarcelonaSpain

Luminescence constitutes a unique source of insight into hot carrier processes in metals,including those in plasmonic nanostructures used for sensing and energy ***,being weak in nature,metal luminescence remains poorly understood,its microscopic origin strongly debated,and its potential for unraveling nanoscale carrier dynamics largely ***,we reveal quantum-mechanical effects in the luminescence emanating from thin monocrystalline gold ***,we present experimental evidence,supported by first-principles simulations,to demonstrate its photoluminescence origin(i.e.,radiative emission from electron/hole recombination)when exciting in the interband *** m.d.l allows us to identify changes to the measured gold luminescence due to quantum-mechanical effects as the gold film thickness is ***,such effects are observable in the luminescence signal from flakes up to 40 nm in thickness,associated with the out-of-plane discreteness of the electronic band structure near the Fermi *** qualitatively reproduce the observations with first-principles m.d.ling,thus establishing a unified description of luminescence in gold monocrystalline flakes and enabling its widespread application as a probe of carrier dynamics and light-matter interactions in this *** study paves the way for future explorations of hot carriers and charge-transfer dynamics in a multitude of material systems.

关键词： luminescence quantum crystalline

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Interaction of photons with silver and indium nuclei at energies up to 20 meV

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 135-140页

作者： J.H.Khushvaktov m.A.demichev d.L.demin S.A.Evseev m.I.Gostkin V.V.Kobets F.A.rasu-lova S.V.rozov E.T.ruziev A.A.Solnyshkin T.N.Tran E.A.Yakushev b.S.Yuldashev Joint Institute for Nuclear research(JINr) DubnaRussia Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the republic of Uzbekistan(INP ASrU) TashkentUzbekistan Institute of Physics of the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology(IP VAST) HanoiVietnam

The yields of photonuclear reactions in the 107Ag,113In,and 115In nuclei were *** Carlo simulations were perform.d.using the Geant4 code,and the results were compared with the experimental *** isomeric ratios of the yields in the reactions 107Ag(γ,n)106m,gAg and 113In(γ,m)112m,gIn were determined,and the cross sections for the reactions 107Ag(γ,n)106gAg and 107Ag(γ,2n)105Ag at an energy of 20 meV were calculated based on the experimental data.

关键词： 107Ag(γ,n)10mgAg and I13In(γ,n)12m-2In reactions cross section yield isomeric ratio simula-tion Geant4 TALYS

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Effect of Sodium metasilicate on Structural, Optical, dielectric and mechanical Properties of AdP Crystal

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2016年第1期32卷 62-67页

作者： mohd Anis m.d. Shirsat S.S. Hussaini b.Joshi G.G. muley department of Physics Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University Amravati 444602 Maharashtra India Crystal Growth Laboratory Department of Physics MiUiya Arts Science and Management Science College Beed 431122 Maharashtra India Intelligent materials research Laboratory Department of Physics Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Aurangabad 431005 Maharashtra India Science and Engineering research board New Delhi 110016 India

For the first time, sodium metasilicate （SmS） doped ammonium.d.hydrogen phosphate （AdP） crystal was grown by slow evaporation solution technique. The unit cell parameters of grown crystal were deter- mined by means of single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The qualitative analysis of SmS doped AdP crystal was carried out using energy dispersive X-ray and Fourier transform infrared analysis. The in- crease in optical transparency of doped AdP crystal was ascertained in the range of 200-900 nm using the UV-visible spectral analysis. The vital optical constants were evaluated using the transmittance data to explore various optical device applications of crystal. The assertive influence of SmS on mechanical and dielectric behavior of AdP crystal was investigated by means of Vickers microhardness analysis and dielectric studies, respectively. The enhancement in second harmonic generation （SHG） efficiency of SmS doped AdP crystal with reference to potassium.d.hydrogen phosphate （KdP） and AdP was confirm.d.from Kurtz-Perry SHG test. The Kerr lensing nonlinearity in SmS doped AdP crystal was identified by means of Z-scan analysis and the third order nonlinear optical susceptibility （χ3） was found to be 6.19 × 10-5 esu, which vitalizes its application for laser stabilization systems.

关键词： Crystal growth Nonlinear optical materials dielectric properties Optical properties

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The Effect of External magnetic Field on Electron Scale Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability

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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第9期24卷 236-247页

作者： d.Tsiklauri Joule Physics Laboratory School of ScienceEngineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchesterM54WTUK

We use particle-in-cell,fully electromagnetic,plasma kinetic simulation to study the effect of external magnetic field on electron scale Kelvin–Helmholtz instability(ESKHI).The results are applicable to collisionless plasmas when,e.g.,solar wind interacts with planetary magnetospheres or a magnetic field is generated in AGN *** find that as in the case of magnetohydrodynamic(m.d.KHI,in the kinetic regime,the presence of an external magnetic field reduces the growth rate of the *** the m.d.case,there is a known threshold magnetic field for KHI stabilization,while for ESKHI this is to be analytically *** a kinetic analytical expression,we use several numerical simulation runs to establish an empirical dependence of ESKHI growth rate,Γ(b_(0))ω_(pe),on the strength of the applied external magnetic *** find the best fit is hyperbolic,Γ(b_(0))ω_(pe)=Γ_(0)ω_(pe)/(A+bb_(0)),where Γ_(0) is the ESKHI growth rate without an external magnetic field and b_(0)=b_(0)/b_(m.d.is the ratio of external and two-fluid m.d.stability threshold magnetic field,derived *** analytical theory to back up this growth rate dependence on the external magnetic field is *** results suggest that in astrophysical settings where a strong magnetic field pre-exists,the generation of an additional magnetic field by the ESKHI is suppressed,which implies that nature provides a“safety valve”—natural protection not to“over-generate”magnetic field by the ESKHI ***,we find that our two-fluid m.d.threshold magnetic field is the same(up to a factor √γ_(0))as the dC saturation magnetic field,previously predicted by fully kinetic theory.

关键词： instabilities magnetic fields plasmas Sun:heliosphere ISm:magnetic fields

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