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double-sided subduction with contrasting polarities beneath the Pamir-Hindu Kush:Evidence from focal mechanism solutions and stress field inversion

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第4期13卷 98-113页

作者： Yu Yang Zuoxun Zeng scott d.king Xiao Shuang School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan 430074China Huazhong Tectonomechanical Research Center China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan 430074China department of Geosciences Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Fuyang Branch of Hangzhou Bureau of Planning and Natural Resources Hangzhou 311499China

The Pamir-Hindu Kush region at the western end of the Himalayan-Tibet orogen is one of the most active regions on the globe with strong seismicity and deformation and provides a window to evaluate continental collision linked to two intra-continental subduction zones with different *** seismicity and seismic tomography data show a steep northward subducting slab beneath the Hindu Kush and southward subducting slab under the ***,we collect seismic catalogue with 3988 earthquake events to compute seismicity images and waveform data from 926 earthquake events to invert focal mechanism solutions and stress field with a view to characterize the subducting slabs under the Pamir-Hindu Kush *** results define two distinct seismic zones:a steep one beneath the Hindu Kush and a broad one beneath the *** and intermediate-depth earthquakes are mainly distributed in the Hindu Kush region which is controlled by thrust faulting,whereas the Pamir is dominated by strike-slip stress regime with shallow and intermediate-depth *** area where the maximum principal stress axis is vertical in the southern Pamir corresponds to the location of a highconductivity low-velocity region that contributes to the seismogenic processes in this *** interpret the two distinct seismic zones to represent a double-sided subduction system where the Hindu Kush zone represents the northward subduction of the Indian plate,and the Pamir zone shows southward subduction of the Eurasian plate.A transition fault is inferred in the region between the Hindu Kush and the Pamir which regulates the opposing directions of motion of the Indian and Eurasian plates.

关键词： Pamir-Hindu Kush Seismicity Stress field double-sided subduction Low-velocity body

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Aging impairs the osteocytic regulation of collagen integrity and bone quality

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 78-94页

作者： Charles A.Schurman Serra Kaya Neha dole Nadja M.Maldonado Luna Natalia Castillo Ryan Potter Jacob P.Rose Joanna Bons Christina d.king Jordan B.Burton Birgit Schilling Simon Melov Simon Tang Eric Schaible Tamara Alliston department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA UC Berkeley/UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering San FranciscoCA 94143USA Buck Institute for Research on Aging NovatoCA 94945USA Washington University in St Louis Department of OrthopedicsSt.LouisMO 63130USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Poor bone quality is a major factor in skeletal fragility in elderly *** molecular mechanisms that establish and maintain bone quality,independent of bone mass,are unknown but are thought to be primarily determined by *** hypothesize that the age-related decline in bone quality results from the suppression of osteocyte perilacunar/canalicular remodeling(PLR),which maintains bone material *** examined bones from young and aged mice with osteocyte-intrinsic repression of TGFβsignaling(TβRII^(ocy−/−))that suppresses *** control aged bone displayed decreased TGFβsignaling and PLR,but aging did not worsen the existing PLR suppression in male TβRII^(ocy−/−)*** relationship impacted the behavior of collagen material at the nanoscale and tissue scale in macromechanical *** effects of age on bone mass,density,and mineral material behavior were independent of osteocytic TGFβ.We determined that the decline in bone quality with age arises from the loss of osteocyte function and the loss of TGFβ-dependent maintenance of collagen integrity.

关键词： maintain primarily integrity

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非洲热点火山现象:克拉通之下上地幔内的小型对流

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海洋地质动态 2001年第6期17卷 10-11页

作者： scott d.king 陈秀澄

克拉通是 10亿多年来未受构造运动影响的大陆区域。相对低的表层热流、金伯利岩内的金刚石包裹体以及约 250 km深处具有高地震速度的比较冷而厚的龙骨状突起把克拉... 详细信息

克拉通是 10亿多年来未受构造运动影响的大陆区域。相对低的表层热流、金伯利岩内的金刚石包裹体以及约 250 km深处具有高地震速度的比较冷而厚的龙骨状突起把克拉通与其它大陆岩石圈分开。虽然通常认为克拉通为地球岩石圈的稳定带，但是，岩石圈厚度的变化以及比后克拉通边缘处相对强烈的侧向温度和粘度变化仍然会引起克拉通边缘之下地幔中小规模的对流。研究表明这样的对流通常被称为边缘驱动对流，由一直延伸到克拉通边缘之下的地幔过渡带 (大约 660 km)的下降流和距离克拉通边缘大约 500～ 1000 km处的上升流构成。上述研究人员认为边缘驱动对流可能是形成百慕大隆起和北大西洋第三纪火山岩和克拉通地区周边溢流玄武岩岩浆作用的主要原因。根据非洲上地幔中的地幔流和地震速度异常图象的数值模拟，我们认为非洲板块和南美板块的板内火山 (热点 )与边缘驱动对流有关。

关键词：非洲克拉通热点火山现象构造运动地幔边缘驱动对流模式

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Promoting public health through the 2024 Compendium of Physical Activities:Strategies for adults,older adults,and wheelchair users

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 739-742页

作者： Stephen d.Herrmann scott A.Conger Erik A.Willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA division of Physical Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Prevention Research Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Physical activity(PA)is fundamentally linked to public health,^(1)providing benefits including chronic disease prevention and treatment,^(2)mental health,^(3)musculoskeletal health,^(4)and healthy aging,^(5)along with socioeconomic advantages.^(6)These benefits highlight the importance of promoting PA for all *** recent publication of the Compendium of Physical Activities(Compendium)serves as a valuable resource,^(7)offering an updated and expanded guide for adults(ages 19-59)with tailored energy cost values for diverse populations.

关键词： Activities prevention offering

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Exploring the effects of coronary artery disease as a preexisting comorbidity on mortality in hospitalized septic patients:a retrospective observation study

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 47-51页

作者： Anmol Multani Greg Stahl Kerry Johnson scott Goade Robert d.Arnce College of Osteopathic Medicine Kansas City UniversityJoplinMOUSA department of data Improvement Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA department of Mathematics Missouri Southern State UniversityJoplinMOUSA department of Pharmacy Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA

Background:Sepsis has high prevalence and mortality rate,and it is imperative to identify populations at risk of poor sepsis *** patients with preexisting chronic comorbidities are shown to have worse sepsis *** identifying comorbidities with greater influence on sepsis progression,we can direct limited resources to septic patients with comorbidities and reduce health care *** comorbidities can impact the risk of developing sepsis and having worse *** artery disease(CAd)is a common comorbidity,especially in the elderly,and a leading cause of death *** wished to investigate the influence of CAd as a comorbidity on sepsis and hypothesized that preexisting CAd would increase mortality in hospitalized septic ***:We conducted retrospective observational study using patient data from Freeman Health System in Joplin,*** analyzed patient records from Freeman Health System database from January 1,2019,to June 30,*** patients were identified using the International Classification of diseases,Tenth Revision sepsis *** identify septic patients with preexisting CAd,we used International Classification of diseases,Tenth Revision codes for *** compared mortality rates for septic patients with and without ***:Two-sample proportion test was conducted to test the difference in mortality between septic patients with and without preexisting *** difference in mortality for the total population was−0.016(P=0.553).In the male and female subgroups,the differences in mortality were 0.0122(P=0.739)and−0.0511(P=0.208),*** differences in mortality in patients aged 40 to 64 years and 65 years and older were−0.0077(P=0.870)and 0.0007(P=0.983),*** statistical tests failed to find significant differences when comparing septic patients with and without preexisting *** was no significant difference in the age and sex ***:Our study showed that CAd alone was n

关键词： Comorbidity Coronary artery disease Inflammation Mortality rate in sepsis prognosis Sepsis

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2024 Wheelchair Compendium of Physical Activities:An update of activity codes and energy expenditure values

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 18-23页

作者： scott A.Conger Stephen d.Herrmann Erik A.Willis Tom E.Nightingale Joseph R.Sherman Barbara E.Ainsworth department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham AL B152TTUK Centre for Trauma Sciences Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham AL B152TTUK College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Purpose:This paper presents an update of the 2011 Wheelchair Compendium of Physical Activities designed for wheelchair users and is referred to as the 2024 Wheelchair *** Wheelchair Compendium aims to curate existing knowledge of the energy expenditure for wheelchair physical activities(PAs).Methods:A systematic review of the published energy expenditure of PA for wheelchair users was completed between 2011 and May *** added these data to the 2011 Wheelchair Compendium data that was compiled previously in a systematic review through ***:A total of 47 studies were included,and 124 different wheelchair PA reported energy expenditure values ranging from 0.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(filing papers,light effort)to 11.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(Nordic sit skiing).Conclusion:In introducing the updated 2024 Wheelchair Compendium,we hope to bridge the resource gap and challenge the prevailing narratives that inadvertently exclude wheelchair users from physical fitness and health PAs.

关键词： disability Exercise MET Mobility

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Adaptation in brain structure and respiratory and olfactory structures across environmental gradients in African and North American muroid rodents

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 165-181页

作者： Peter J.TAYLOR Aluwani NENGOVHELA Christiane dENYS Graham R.scott Catherine M.IVY department of Zoology School of Natural and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa Afromontane Unit Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of the Free StatePhuthaditjhabaSouth Africa department of Mammalogy National MuseumBloemfonteinSouth Africa Institut de Systématique EvolutionBiodiversité(ISYEB)Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleCNRSSorbonne UniversitéEPHEUniversitéDes AntillesParisFrance department of Biology McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Guglielmo and Shoemaker Labs Advanced Facility for Avian ResearchUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada

Morphometric studies of 3d micro CT-scanned images can provide insights into the evolution of the brain and sensory structures but such data are still scarce for the most diverse mammalian order of *** reviewed and new data,we tested for convergence to extreme aridity and high elevation in the sensory and brain morphology of rodents,from morphometric data from micro-CT X-ray scans of 174 crania of 16 species of three distantly re-lated African murid(soft-furred mice,Praomyini,laminate-toothed rats,Otomyini,and gerbils,Gerbillinae)clades and one North American cricetid(deer mice and white-footed mice,Peromyscus)*** studies demon-strated convergent evolution acting on the oval window area of the cochlea(enlarged in extremely arid-adapted species of Otomyini and Gerbillinae)and on endocranial volume(reduced in high elevation taxa of Otomyini and Peromyscus).However,contrary to our predictions,we did notfind evidence of convergence in brain struc-ture to aridity,or in the olfactory/respiratory system(turbinate bones)to high *** structure differed,particularly in the petrosal lobules of the cerebellum and the olfactory bulbs,between Otomyini and Gerbillinae,with extreme arid-adapted species in each clade being highly divergent(not convergent)from other species in the same *** observed greater“packing”of the maxillary turbinate bones,which have important respiratory functions,in Peromyscus mice from high and low elevations compared to the high-elevation African Praomyini,but more complex patterns within Peromyscus,probably related to trade-offs in respiratory physiology and heat exchange in the nasal epithelium associated with high-elevation adaptation.

关键词： 3d morphometrics Africa brain size North America Rodentia sensory evolution

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Older Adult Compendium of Physical Activities:Energy costs of human activities in adults aged 60 and older

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 13-17,F0003页

作者： Erik A.Willis Stephen d.Herrmann Mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht Tiago V.Barreira John M.Schuna Jr. Zhenghua Cai Minghui Quan scott A.Conger Wendy J.Brown Barbara E.Ainsworth Center for Health Promotion and disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA division of Physical Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Clinical Science division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA Exercise Science department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA School of Exercise&Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4229Australia College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA

Purpose:To describe the development of a Compendium for estimating the energy costs of activities in adults>60 years(OA Compendium).Methods:Physical activities(PAs)and their metabolic equivalent of task(MET)values were obtained from a systematic search of studies published in 4 sport and exercise databases(PubMed,Embase,SPORTdiscus(EBSCOhost),and Scopus)and a review of articles included in the 2011 Adult Compendium that measured PA in older *** values were computed as the oxygen cost(VO_(2),mL/kg/min)during PA divided by 2.7 m L/kg/min(MET_(60+))to account for the lower resting metabolic rate in older ***:We identified 68 articles and extracted energy expenditure data on 427 *** these,we derived 99 unique Specific Activity codes with corresponding MET_(60+)values for older *** developed a website to present the OA Compendium MET_(60+)values:https://***:The OA Compendium uses data collected from adults>60 years for more accurate estimation of the energy cost of PAs in older *** is an accessible resource that will allow researchers,educators,and practitioners to find MET_(60+)values for older adults for use in PA research and practice.

关键词： Energy expenditure Exercise MET Older adults

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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided portal pressure gradient identifies patients with previously undiagnosed clinically significant portal hypertension

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Portal Hypertension & Cirrhosis 2024年第2期3卷 67-74页

作者： Jerome C.Edelson scott F.d.Edelson John G.Quiles Cyrus V.Edelson Eric M.Montminy Christian L.Horn John P.Magulick don C.Rockey department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Brooke Army Medical CenterFort Sam HoustonTexasUSA department of Medicine Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA department of Medicine Brooke Army Medical CenterFort Sam HoustonTexasUSA John H.Stroger Jr.Hospital of Cook County ChicagoIllinoisUSA digestive disease Research Center Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA

Aims:Portal hypertension(PH)is a complication of cirrhosis that leads to hepatic *** the portal pressure gradient(PPG)provides valuable information for disease assessment,staging,and *** this study,we aimed to report the utilization of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided PPG(EUS-PPG)measurements in a real-world ***:This retrospective analysis included patients at a tertiary care center who underwent EUS-PPG between February 2021 and May *** most common indication was to establish or exclude the diagnosis of cirrhosis,followed by an assessment of surgical risk in the setting of suspected *** demographic and clinical data were collected,and statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t ***:Eighteen patients underwent *** success was achieved in 17 of the 18 *** complications were *** mean scores of Child-Pugh,Model for End-Stage Liver disease-Sodium,and Fibrosis-4 scores were 5.1±0.5,9.0±3.0,and 3.7±4.5,*** the 18 patients,two presented with esophageal varices and six with portal hypertensive *** mean PPG was 5.8±4.5 mmHg,and five patients exhibited clinically significant PH(CSPH).Of the 18 patients,15 underwent concurrent EUS-liver biopsy,which was 100%successful and provided diagnostic histology for all *** PPG data led to changes in the clinical management of 17 ***:EUS-PPG is safe and technically *** Child-Pugh score did not correlate well with the presence of CSPH;however,PPG measurements resulted in changes in the management of almost all *** studies correlating EUS-PPG with other assessments of liver diseases are required.

关键词： EUS portal hypertension portal pressure gradient

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A chromatin modulator sustains self-renewal and enables differentiation of postnatal neural stem and progenitor cells

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2020年第1期12卷 4-16页

作者： Kushani Shah Gwendalyn d.king Hao Jiang department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA department of Neurobiology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 3529AUSA department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22908USA

It remains unknown whether H3K4 methylation,an epigenetic modification associated with gene activation,regulates fate determination of the postnatal neural stem and progenitor cells(NSPCs).By inactivating the dpy30 subunit of the major H3K4 methyltransferase complexes in specific regions of mouse brain,we demonstrate a crucial role of efficient H3K4 methylation in maintaining both the self-renewal and differentiation capacity of postnatal ***30 deficiency disrupts development of hippocampus and especially the dentate gyrus and subventricular zone,the major regions for postnatal NSC ***30 is indispensable for sustaining the self-renewal and proliferation of NSPCs in a cell-intrinsic manner and also enables the differentiation of mouse and human neural progenitor cells to neuronal and glial ***30 directly regulates H3K4 methylation and the induction of several genes critical in *** findings link a prominent epigenetic mechanism of gene expression to the fundamental properties of NSPCs and may have implications in neurodevelopmental disorders.

关键词： neural stem cell self-renewal differentiation epigenetics H3K4 methylation dpy30

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