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The viscosity at the glass transition of a liquid lubricant

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Friction 2019年第1期7卷 86-91页

作者： scott BAIR Center for High-Pressure Rheology George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

In the classical study of elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) which does not employ real, measurable viscosity in analysis, the possibility of a glass transition has not been considered in many years. Indeed, the two rheological assumptions of classical EHL, the Newtonian inlet and the equivalence of a traction curve to a flow curve, would not have persisted so long had the pressure dependence of the viscosity been accurately stated. With the recent appearance of viscosity obtained from viscometers in EHL analysis, the possibility of a glass transition in the contact should be reexamined, especially for the fragile traction fluids. This article employs published data for a synthetic cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon to estimate the glass transition viscosity so that, when using real viscosities in EHL simulations, the state of the liquid may be assessed. Far into the glassy state the liquid should be treated as an elastic solid with a yield stress.

关键词： elastohydrodynamic lubrication glass transition high pressure viscosity EHL friction

Searching for new ferroelectrics and multiferroics: A user’s point of view

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npj Computational Materials 2015年第1期1卷 47-55页

作者： JF scott School of Chemistry and School of Physics St Andrews UniversitySt AndrewsFifeScotland

A perspective on computational studies of ferroelectrics and multiferroics is given that emphasises what has yet to be done,along with some subtleties in previously studied *** with the extensive data-mining studies of Abrahams and more recently,Rabe,a survey is given of magnetostrictive effects in antiferromagnetic antiferroelectrics(after Toledano and Toledano),which has an nonmagnetic analogy in the antiferroelectric phase of tris-sarcosine calcium chloride and a reminder of the unusual spin–phonon coupling of Holden et *** systems such as KCoF3 and *** is also paid to field-temperature phase diagrams,finite non-periodic boundary conditions,and processing-dependent structures.

关键词： analogy ferroelectric phonon

Investigation on Liquid Holdup in Vertical Zero Net-Liquid Flow

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2001年第3期9卷 284-290页

作者：刘磊 StuartL.scott NationalLab0ratoryofMultiphaseFlowinPowerEngineering Xi＇anJiaotongUniversityXi＇an710049China DepartmentofPetroleumEngineering TexasA＆MUniversityCollegeStationTX77843-3116U.S.A

Zero net-liquid flow (ZNLF) is a special case of upward gas-liquid two-phase flow. It is a phenomenon observed as a gas-liquid mixture flows in a conduit but the net liquid flow rate is zero. Investigation on the liquid holdup of ZNLF is conducted in a vertical ten-meter tube with diameter of 76 mm, both for Newtonian and nonNewtonian fluids. The gas phase is air. The Newtonian fluid is water and the non-Newtonian fluids are water-based guar gel solutions. The correlations developed for predicting liquid holdup on the basis of Lockhart-Martinelli parameter are not suitable to ZNLF. A constitutive correlation for the liquid holdup of vertical ZNLF was put forward by using the mass balance. It is found that the liquid holdup in ZNLF is dependent on both the gas flow rate and the flow distribution coefficient.

关键词： gas-liquid flow two-phase flow complex flow liquid holdup Newtonian fluid non-Newtonian fluid

Investigation of genome structure of a cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase locus in a basal angiosperm hardwood species, Liriodendron tulipifera L., reveals low synteny

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第5期49卷 396-405页

作者： scott E.SCHLARBAUM Department of Forestry Wildlife and FisheriesInstitute of AgricultureThe University of Tennessee

Basal angiosperms contain a wide diversity of floral and growth forms and gave rise to the largest recent angiosperm *** none of the basal angiosperm genomes has been sequenced,examining large bacterial artificial chromosome(BAC) inserts remains the main approach to providing a first glimpse of the structure and organization of their *** this study,we sequenced a 126.9-kbp BAC contig harboring a cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene(LtuCAD1) in a basal angiosperm species,Liriodendron tulipifera L.,an important timber tree species with significant ecological and economic values.A key enzyme in lignin biosynthesis,CAD catalyzes the final step in the synthesis of *** carried out phylogenetic analyses of seven full-length CAD family genes(LtuCAD1-7) obtained from a comprehensive Liriodendron expressed sequence tag *** phylogenetic tree suggests that LtuCAD1 is the primary CAD gene involved in lignifications as it is the only Liriodendron CAD grouped with the bona fide CADs *** well as the LtuCAD1,the BAC contig contained fragmented sequences for one integrase,eight hypothetical proteins,two gag-pol polyproteins,one RNase H family protein,and one chromatin binding *** analysis with other angiosperm species suggests that the genomic segment in this BAC has undergone frequent *** study is our initial step in identifying and understanding lignin biosynthesis genes from basal angiosperm *** knowledge can help bridge the information gap between hardwood(angiosperm) and softwood(gymnosperm) species and benefit potential breeding and biotechnology application for enhanced production of biomass and digestibility in ***.

关键词： BAC contig cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase(CAD) gene order lignin biosynthesis synteny.

Numerical Study on the Influence Mechanism of Inlet Distortion on the Stall Margin in a Transonic Axial Rotor

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Journal of Thermal Science 2012年第3期21卷 209-214页

作者： scott C.Morris Hessert Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of Notre Dame

A numerical study is conducted to investigate the influence of inlet flow condition on tip leakage flow (TLF) and stall margin in a transonic axial rotor.A commercial software package FLUENT,is used in the *** rotor investigated in this paper is ND_TAC rotor,which is the rotor of one-stage transonic compressor in the University of Notre *** varied inlet flow conditions are *** inlet boundary condition with hub distortion provides higher axial velocity for the incoming flow near tip region than that for the clean inflow,while the incoming main flow possesses lower axial velocity near the tip region at tip distortion inlet boundary *** the total pressure ratio curves for the three inlet flow conditions,it is found that the hub dis-torted inlet boundary condition improves the stall margin,while the tip distorted inlet boundary condition dete-riorates compressor *** axial location of interface between tip leakage flow (TLF) and incoming main flow (MF) in the tip gap and the axial momentum ratio of TLF to MF are further *** is demonstrated that the axial momentum balance is the mechanism for interface *** hub distorted inflow could de-crease the axial momentum ratio,suppress the movement of the interface between TLF and MF towards blade leading edge plane and thus enhance compressor stability.

关键词： Inlet distortion tip leakage flow stall margin axial momentum balance

Drug induced acute pancreatitis: Does it exist?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第44期20卷 16529-16534页

作者： scott Tenner Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine State University of New York Downstate Medical Center State University of New York

As the incidence of acute pancreatitis continues to rise, establishing the etiology in order to prevent recurrence is important. Although the etiology of acute pancreatitis is not difficult in the majority of patients, almost a quarter of patients are initially labeled as having idiopathic acute pancreatitis. When confronted with a patient with acute pancreatitis and no clear etiology defined as an absence alcoholism, gallstones(ultrasound and/or MRI), a normal triglyceride level, and absence of tumor, it often appears reasonable to consider a drug as the cause of acute pancreatitis. Over 100 drugs have been implicated by case reports as causing acute pancreatitis. While some of these case reports are well written, many case reports represent poorly written experiences of the clinician simply implicating a drug without a careful evaluation. Over-reliance on case reports while ignoring randomized clinical trials and large pharmacoepidemiologic surveys has led to confusion about drug induced acute pancreatitis. This review will explain that drug induced acute pancreatitis does occur, but it is rare, and over diagnosis leads to misconceptions about the disease resulting in inappropriate patient care, increased litigation and a failure to address the true entity: idiopathic acute pancreatitis.

关键词： Drug induced acute pancreatitis Idiopathic acute pancreatitis

Some non-trivial Kazhdan-Lusztig coefficients of an affine Weyl group of type _n

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Science China Mathematics 2010年第8期53卷 1919-1930页

作者： scott Leonard Department of Mathematics University of Virginia

In this paper we show that the leading coeficient μ(y,w) of some Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials Py,w with y,w in an affine Weyl group of type n is n + *** fact has some consequences on the dimension of first extension... 详细信息

关键词： Kazhdan-Lusztig coeficient Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomial first extension group

LIVING IN HARMONY WITH NATURE

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Journal of Green Building 2015年第3期10卷 28-46页

作者： scott Simons scott Simons Architects Portland ME 04101 USA

Mount Desert Island is one of the most beautiful places in New *** in the middle of Penobscot Bay in Maine,which is home to Acadia National Park,one of the most visited parks in the National Park *** landscape is classic Maine,with evergreen trees clinging to a rocky *** the past 150 years it has been a summer retreat for many,including the Rockefellers who helped create the carriage trails in the Park,and home to the infamous“cottages”of the wealthy that came to the Island starting in the second half of the nineteenth century to escape the hot summer temperatures of the *** was on this island,in this historic setting,that Pondicherry was *** a love of this unique place and a desire to find a way to live here in harmony with the natural setting,the owners sought out scott Simons Architects to help them design a unique house,one that would combine aesthetic beauty and ultra high environmental *** were looking to create a new way of living on Mount Desert *** appreciated the natural beauty of the Island and loved to hike in Acadia National *** wanted to design a house that was in harmony with the Park surroundings *** large cottages of Northeast Harbor where their family had vacationed for over a *** years of searching they found and purchased a piece of property on a glacial pond along the edge of the Park *** imagined a house that would respect the natural setting and features of the site,and used phrases like“simple,clean lines”,“human scale”,“lots of natural light”,“all natural materials”,and“timeless quality”to describe what they were looking *** initial goal was to have a high performance house that did not consume a lot of *** husband was on the board of a national environmental organization,and he managed the family forestry business in northern *** was in contact with a lot of people who were talking about how to preserve the environment and wante

关键词： Net-zero energy house LEED Platinum natural setting net-positive energy

Daily shoaling patterns in the zebrafish Danio rerio

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Current Zoology 2013年第6期59卷 754-760页

作者： Timothy PACIOREK scott McROBERT Department of Biology Saint Joseph's University Philadelphia PA 19131 USA

Shoaling intensity in zebrafish Danio rerio is believed to vary throughout subjective day and night hours. This experiment examines long term variations in shoaling behavior. Adult zebrafish Dan io rerio were maintained under a 12：12 LD cycle （with dim red light serving as reduced visibility during subjective dark hours）, and their shoaling behavior was monitored every hour for a three-day period of time. Our results show that zebrafish perform shoaling behavior throughout subjective day and under reduced visibility conditions, although mean shoaling times during the light phase were significantly higher than mean shoaling times during the dark phase. However, on the 3^rd day of the experiment, mean shoaling times during the subjective night had increased and mean shoaling times during the subjective day had decreased. This shift in intensity was not seen on the first two days of the study, and may represent the influence of experience on the behavior of the test fish. We believe this study shows that shoaling behavior changes with light/dark cycles and that fish shoal even during reduced visibility conditions.

关键词： Shoaling behavior Zebrafish Danio rerio Variation