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CD8+T cell metabolic flexibility elicited by CD28-ARS2 axisdriven alternative splicing of PKM supports antitumor immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第3期21卷 260-274页

作者： G.Aaron Holling Colin A.Chavel Anand P.Sharda Mackenzie M.Lieberman Caitlin M.James Shivana M.Lightman Jason H.Tong Guanxi Qiao Tiffany R.Emmons Thejaswini Giridharan Shengqi Hou Andrew M.Intlekofer Richard M.Higashi Teresa W.M.Fan Andrew N.Lane Kevin H.Eng Brahm H.Segal Elizabeth A.Repasky Kelvin P.Lee scott H.Olejniczak Department of Immunology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Department of Medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065USA Center for Environmental Systems Biochemistry Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer CenterLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Present address:University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO 80309USA Present address:Dana Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA 02215USA Present address:Massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA 02139USA Present address:Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

Metabolic flexibility has emerged as a critical determinant of CD8+T-cell antitumor activity,yet the mechanisms driving the metabolic flexibility of T cells have not been *** this study,we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap-binding complex(CBC)adaptor protein ARS2 on mature T *** doing so,we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+T cells with flexibility of glucose ***2 upregulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced splicing factor recruitment to pre-mRNAs and affected approximately one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative splicing *** these effects,the CD28-ARS2 axis suppressed the expression of the M1 isoform of pyruvate kinase in favor of PKM2,a key determinant of CD8+T-cell glucose utilization,interferon gamma production,and antitumor effector ***,PKM alternative splicing occurred independently of CD28-driven PI3K pathway activation,revealing a novel means by which costimulation reprograms glucose metabolism in CD8+T cells.

关键词： Immunometabolism mRNA splicing CD8 T cells ARS2 PKM2

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Future of Ecocriticism:Strategic-openness and Sustainability—An Interview with scott Slovic

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Comparative Literature:East & West 2010年第2期 105-116页

作者： SLOVIC scott The University of Nevada Reno

斯科特·斯洛维克现为美国内华达大学(里诺)英语系文学与环境教授,美国生态批评运动的主要倡导者之一。他创立了生态批评领域规模最大、最具影响力的学术组织——文学与环境研究会(As Sociation for theStudy of Li terature and Enviro... 详细信息

斯科特·斯洛维克现为美国内华达大学(里诺)英语系文学与环境教授,美国生态批评运动的主要倡导者之一。他创立了生态批评领域规模最大、最具影响力的学术组织——文学与环境研究会(As Sociation for theStudy of Li terature and Environment/ASLE)并长期担任会长。该研究会拥有一千多名会员。他积极帮助英国、德国、加拿大、印度、日本、韩国、澳大利亚及新西兰等十多个国家的学者建立了环境研究会分会,主编生态批评的权威期刊《文学与环境的跨文化研究》(Interdisciplinary Studies inLiterature and Environment,简称ISLE),编辑环境文学教材、文集近20种,代表作包括《探寻美国自然写作中的觉醒意识》、《走出去思考》等多部专著,发表论文1 50余篇。2010年5月到山东大学讲学,期间应邀到包括四川师范大学在内的几所大学访学并做系列讲座。本篇访谈是斯洛维克成都讲座基础上的一个拓展,主要集中讨论了生态批评的一些热点问题和生态批评的未来发展。斯洛维克认为,生态批评的策略开放和可持续发展是生态批评的活力和未来发展趋势。

关键词：生态批评环境研究文学教材山东大学编辑环境跨文化研究美国内华达学术组织澳大利亚自然写作

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Spatially biased dispersal of acorns by a scatter-hoarding corvid may accelerate passive restoration of oak habitat on California＇s largest island

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Current Zoology 2017年第4期63卷 363-367页

作者： Mario B. PESENDORFER T. scott SILLETT scott A. MORRISON School of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska - Lincoln 348 Manter Hall Lincoln NE 68588-0118 USA Migratory Bird Center Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute National Zoological Park MRC 5503 Washington D.C. 20013-7012 USA Cornell Lab of Ornithology 159 Sapsucker Woods Rd Ithaca NY 14850 USA The Nature Conservancy 4th Floor 201 Mission Street San Francisco CA 94105 USA

Scatter hoarding by corvids （crows, jays, magpies, and nutcrackers） provides seed dispersal for many large-seeded plants, including oaks and pines. When hoarding seeds, corvids often choose nonrandom locations throughout the landscape, resulting in differential survival of seeds. In the context of habitat restoration, such disproportional storing of seeds in areas suitable for germin- ation and establishment can accelerate expansion and recovery of large-seeded tree populations and their associated ecosystems. Here, we investigate the spatial preferences of island scrub jays Aphelocoma insularis during scatter hoarding of acorns （Quercus spp.） on Santa Cruz Island. We use a large behavioral data set on the birds＇ behavior in combination with seedling surveys and spatial analysis to determine whether 1） island scrub jays disproportionally cache seeds in specific habitat types, and 2） whether the preferred habitat type is suitable for oak regeneration. Our results show that the jays nonrandomly cache acorns across the landscape; they use chaparral and coastal sage scrub disproportionally while avoiding open and grassy areas. The areas used most often for caching were also the areas with the highest oak seedling densities. We discuss the potential role of these findings for the recovery of Santa Cruz Island＇s oak habitat since the 1980s.

关键词： Aphelocoma insularis directional dispersal habitat restoration Quercus spp. scatter hoarding seed dispersal.

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Regulation of Power Conversion in Fuel Cells

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2004年第4期20卷 466-469页

作者： ZHANG J. K. scott School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Materials University of Newcastle upon Tyne Newcastle upon TyneSchool of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Materials University of Newcastle upon Tyne Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK NE1 7RU UK

Here we report a regulation about power conversion in fuel cells. This regulation is expressed as that total power produced by fuel cells is always proportional to the square of the potential difference between the \{equilibrium\} potential and work potential. With this regulation we deduced fuel cell performance equation which can describe the potential *** current performance curves, namely, polarization curves of fuel cells with three power source parameters: equilibrium potential E_0; internal resistance R; and power conversion coefficient K. The concept of the power conversion coefficient is a new criterion to evaluate and compare the characteristics and capacity of different fuel cells. The calculated values obtained with this equation agree with practical performance of different types of fuel cells.

关键词： Fuel cell Power conversion coefficient Internal resistance Performance Potential

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Plants and Global Environmental Change:A Special Issue Highlighting Younger Scientists

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1337-1338页

作者： scott A.Heckathorn The University of Toledo

Humans are changing the global environment to such an extent that they are changing global climate （IPCC 2007; http：//***/）. The pace, if not the eventual extent, of this climate change may be rare in Earth＇s history, and these rapid changes in climate will have profound negative impacts on biodiversity of the planet and on the quality of human life （Millennium Ecosystem Assessment; http：*** en/***）. It is already widely believed that the Earth has entered a new geological period termed the Anthropocene, in recognition of the impact that humans are having on the Earth, and it is predicted that human-caused changes to Earth＇s environment and climate will likely be the foremost problems facing humans in the coming decades.

关键词： Plants and Global Environmental Change

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A decade of Bt cotton in Chinese fields: Assessing the direct effects and indirect externalities of Bt cotton adoption in China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第8期53卷 981-991页

作者： scott ROZELLE Carl PRAY Food Security and the Environment Program Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies Stanford University School of Environmental and Biological Sciences Rutgers the State University of New Jersey

The objective of this study is to examine whether or not the gains from reduced spraying for bollworms are being sustained more than one decade after the initial adoption in 2007. Based on farm-level data collected by the authors in 1999–2007 in 16 villages from 4 provinces, this study shows that insecticides applied for controlling bollworms have declined. This analysis supports Chinese policy makers’ decision to not require refuges of non-Bt cotton fields. It also suggests that past studies may have underestimated the benefits from adopting Bt technology.

关键词： biotechnology Bt cotton insecticide sustainability externalities China

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Unsupervised learning of load signatures to estimate energy-related building features using surrogate modelling techniques

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Building Simulation 2023年第7期16卷 1273-1286页

作者： Shane Ferreira Burak Gunay Araz Ashouri scott Shillinglaw Carleton University OttawaK1S 5B6Canada National Research Council Canada OttawaK1A 0R6Canada

Characterization of an existing building’s energy-related features is critical to inform maintenance and retrofit ***,existing field-scale characterization methods tend to be labour intensive,invasive,and require high fidelity longitudinal data gathered through tightly regulated *** highlights the need for a low cost,scalable,and efficient screening *** paper puts forward a surrogate model-based approach to rapidly estimate energy-related building *** this end,EnergyPlus models for 12 midrise office archetypes,all with a rectangular footprint,are *** thousand variants of each archetype are generated by altering envelope,causal heat gain,and heating,ventilation,and air conditioning operation features.A unique load signature is derived for each variant’s heating and cooling energy *** parameters of the load signatures are clustered,then each cluster is associated with a set of plausible energy-related *** accuracy of the results was evaluated using five test buildings not seen by the *** method could effectively identify building features with reasonable accuracy and no significant degradation in performance across all 12 archetypes.

关键词： remote characterization energy-related building features surrogate modelling cluster analysis

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Understanding metabolic flexibility: a potential key to unlocking metabolic therapies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第9期15卷 1654-1655页

作者： scott P.Allen Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience University of Sheffield

The role of metabolism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS):ALS,is a predominantly sporadic,neurological disorder resulting in degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons,resulting in the progressive failure of the neuromuscular *** lifetime risk factor for developing ALS sits between 1 in 300 and 1 in ***,due to the speed of the disease course(2–3 years post-diagnosis)and the lack of effective therapies,ALS is still classified as a rare disease.

关键词： metabolism amyotrophic degeneration

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Calibration of the Albian/Cenomanian Boundary by Ammonite Biostratigraphy:*** Interior

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第6期81卷 940-948页

作者： Robert W.scott University of Tulsa and Precision Stratigraphy Associates

Calibration of numerical ages to the geological time scale is a long scientific pursuit that requires the integration of multiple data sets. A case study of the Albian/Cenomanian stage boundary, also the Lower/Upper Cretaceous series boundary, illustrates the calibration process. The numerical age of this boundary has shifted from 96 Ma to 99 Ma over a time span of nearly fifty years. Recalibration resulted first from improvements in radiometric dating, and later from inferences about ammonite phylogeny, and most recently from radiometric dates of newly discovered volcanic beds interbedded with diagnostic guide fossils. However, the calibration process continues with study of cosmopolitan dinoflagellates.

关键词： Albian/Cenomanian ammonite biostratigraphy age calibration

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Natural refuge crops, buildup of resistance, and zero-refuge strategy for Bt cotton in China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第10期53卷 1227-1238页

作者： ROZELLE scott WILEN James Food Security and the Environment Program Freeman Spogli Institute of International Studies Stanford University Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of California Davis One Shields Avenue

In the context of genetically modified crops expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin, a ‘refuge’ refers to a crop of the same or a related species that is planted nearby to enable growth and reproduction of the target pest without the selection pres- sure imposed by the Bt toxin. The goal of this study is to discuss the role of natural refuge crops in slowing down the buildup of resistance of cotton bollworm (CBW), and to evaluate China’s no-refuge policy for Bt cotton. We describe in detail the dif- ferent factors that China should consider in relation to the refuge policy. Drawing on a review of scientific data, economic analyses of other cases, and a simulation exercise using a bio-economic model, we show that in the case of Bt cotton in China, the no-refuge policy is defensible.

关键词： Bt cotton resistance natural refuge crops China

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