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Co-expression and Immunity of Legionella pneumophila mip Gene and Immunoadjuvant ctxB Gene

Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2005年第3期37卷 199-204页

作者： Tao WANG Jian-Ping CHEN Hong LI Ke-Qian ZHI Lei ZHANG Chun-Lei YANG Da-Chang TAO school of Precliaical and Forensic Medicine of West china,sichuan university,chengdu 610041,china school of Stomatolngy,Xi’an Jiaotong university,Xi’an 710004,china school of life science,sichuan university,chengdu 610041,china school of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine of West china Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041 China school of Stomatology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710004 China school of life science Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041 China

The mip gene of Legionella pneumophila and the ctxB gene of Vibrio cholerae were amplifiedby PCR respectively.The amplified cDNA was ligated to the pcDNA3.1(+)vector.The recombinant plasmidspcDNA3,1-mip and pcDNA3.1-ctxB were identified by restriction analysis and PCR,and further confirmedby sequencing analysis.NIH3T3 cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1-mip and pcDNA3.1-ctxB accordingto the Lipofection method.Transient and stable products of the co-expression of the mip gene and ctxB genewere detected by immunofluorescence and Western blotting.The results showed that NIH3T3 cells weresuccessfully transfected,and that the transiently and stably co-expressed products can be detected in thetransfected cells.To detect the humoral and cellular immune response in immunized mice induced by the co-immunization of the mip and ctxB genes,female BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly with pcDNA3.1-mip and pcDNA3.1-ctxB.The results showed that the specific antibody titer and the cytotoxic T-lymphocyteresponse for pcDNA3,1-mip immunization and co-immunization were increased compared with that ofpcDNA3.1(+) immunization.Furthermore,the specific antibody titer and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responsefor co-immunization were increased compared with that of pcDNA3.1-mip immunization.Statistical analysisusing one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)showed that there was a significant difference between thegroups(P<0.01).The results indicated that the ctxB gene enhanced the humoral and cellular immune responseto the mip gene immunization.These findings provide experimental evidence to support the development ofthe L.pneumophila DNA vaccine.

关键词： Legionella pneumophila co-expression humoral immunity cellular immunity

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Spatiotemporal Evolution and Linkage Analysis of Mutton Price in Xinjiang

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Journal of Systems science and Information 2024年

作者： Yulin YANG Jian XU Lean YU 1.school of Economics and Management, university of Chinese Academy of sciences 2.Business school, sichuan university 3.school of Business, Shenzhen Institute of Technology school of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Business school Sichuan University school of Business Shenzhen Institute of Technology

The mutton industry plays a pivotal role in the animal husbandry industry of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. To better monitor the volatility movement and risk warning of mutton price, the fluctuation characteristics of mutton prices and the future trend of prices are analyzed systematically. On the one hand, the Hodrick Prescott(HP) filter method is used to analyze the longterm trends and cyclical characteristics of mutton prices in Xinjiang and explored the spatial evolution characteristics of mutton price fluctuations in various regions of Xinjiang. On the other hand, the Threshold Auto-Regressive(TAR) model is used to analyze the linkage relationship between mutton prices and the prices of other livestock products. The empirical results show that(1) the overall volatility of mutton price in Xinjiang is high, showing a trend of rising first, then falling and then rising from the temporal perspective.(2) At the regional level, the price in the south is higher than that of the north, showing a decreasing trend from south to north on the whole from the spatial viewpoint.(3) From the linkage relationship perspective, mutton and beef are complementary in the short term,but they are substitutes each other in the long term. This paper explores the characteristics of mutton price fluctuations in Xinjiang from the single time series of mutton prices and the linkage with other livestock products, which provides a reliable basis for the monitoring and risk warning of mutton price fluctuation.

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Experimental determination of heat generation rates of lithium-ion batteries by thermal protection method

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science china Technological sciences 2024年

作者： SHI JingHe ZHANG HengYun YU Hong WANG XiaoLin 1.school of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shanghai university of Engineering science 2.school of Engineering, university of Tasmania school of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science school of Engineering University of Tasmania

Experimental determination of heat generation rates is crucial in the thermal safety design of automotive batteries. A thermal protection method(TPM) is proposed to determine the heat generation rates of 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion batteries under different discharge rates. The physical model based on the thermal protection method is established, and its feasibility is demonstrated through theoretical analysis. In the experimental setup, by introducing lateral thermal protection batteries(TPB) to minimize the heat loss of the center test battery(CTB), heat generation rates of the battery can be obtained based on the temperature change of the CTB. The average heat generation rates of the battery at 1, 2, and 3 C discharge rates are found to be0.255, 0.844, and 1.811 W, respectively, which can be quadratically correlated with the discharge rate. In addition, a benchmark test of the present measurement against the commonly used accelerating rate calorimeter(ARC) was conducted. Relatively small deviations of 3.77%, 4.20%, and 1.09% were identified in the heat generation rates for the discharge rates at 1, 2, and 3 C. In comparison with the ARC equipment, the present TPM can be more representative of the transient battery heat generation characteristics with a much shorter time for thermal equalization. Finally, to further verify the accuracy of the present method,standard samples of the same size as the actual battery were made, which were capable of controlling heat generation through a direct current power supply. A comparison of the heat inputs of the standard sample with the heat generation rates measured by the thermal protection method shows a relative deviation of 1.01% maximum. With high measurement accuracy and an easy-tobuild experimental setup, the proposed method has promising prospects in automotive applications.

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Inflation Transmission Diagnostics via a Bayesian Graph Vector Autoregressive Model with Markov Switching

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Journal of Systems science & Complexity 2024年

作者： FU Jiali CAI Fengjing WU Jinran ZHAO Shangrui WANG You-Gan 1.College of Mathematics and Physics, Wenzhou university 2.Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic university 3.school of science, Wuhan university of Technology 4.school of Mathematics and Physics, The university of Queensland College of Mathematics and Physics Wenzhou University Institute for Positive Psychology and Education Australian Catholic University school of science Wuhan University of Technology school of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland

The transmission of inflation is a widespread occurrence, and managing inflationary pressures is a crucial macroeconomic challenge. Although inflation is a typical macroeconomic variable,its contemporaneous and lagged causal relationships have not been thoroughly investigated, which could result in missing important policy insights. The Bayesian graph vector autoregression(BGVAR)model can identify contemporaneous and lagged causal relationships among economic variables, but it lacks practical research on inflationary inflation. To account for the structural transformation in the inflation transmission process, the authors propose a Bayesian graph vector autoregressive model with Markov switching(MS-BGVAR), which considers both regime switching and contemporaneous causality among macroeconomic variables. The proposed study focuses on analyzing the dynamics of inflation transmission relationships among G7 countries under different regimes, as these countries represent developed nations. The authors use inflation data from 1971–2019, which shows two distinct inflation regimes within the sample period. The authors conduct simulation experiments to generate moderately dimensional simulated data for both regimes and indicators, demonstrating the theoretical reliability of the proposed model in accurately identifying graph structures. Finally, the authors apply the proposed model to identify structural breaks and causal transmission relationships in the inflation transmission process of G7 economies, demonstrating that the proposed model has significant economic significance and good explanatory power in the selected target countries.

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Integrating Weather Conditions to Forecast the Electricity Price in Belgium Market: A Novel Mixed-Frequency Machine Learning Algorithm

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Journal of Systems science & Complexity 2024年

作者： DU Xiaoxu CAI Yi TANG Zhenpeng 1.school of Economics and Management, Fuzhou university 2.school of Economics and Management, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry university

The fluctuations in weather conditions,such as temperature and wind speed,can impact the process of solar and wind power generation,thereby influencing electricity prices.Real-time price settlement requires a higher resolution than daily frequency to forecast electricity prices.This research proposes a novel mixed-frequency model to address the issue of frequency inconsistency problem between electricity prices and related factors,and successfully applies it to Belgium electricity price forecasting.Firstly,the RU-MIDAS method is used to analyze the dynamic impact of weather conditions on prices.Then,RU-MIDAS is combined with machine learning algorithms to predict the prices.The results of error metrics and MCS test indicate that humidity can improve the prediction accuracy of all four sequences.The prediction ability of wind gusts is comparable to that of the highest price;the former helps predict the last two subsequences,while the latter improves the prediction accuracy of the first two subsequences.Temperature can only help predict the fourth electricity price series,and the forecasting ability of weather factors is consistent with the order of feature importance.

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Reducing Hyperexponential Functions over Monomial Extensions

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Journal of Systems science & Complexity 2024年

作者： CHEN Shaoshi DU Hao GAO Yiman LI Ziming 1.KLMM, Academy of Mathematics and Systems science, Chinese Academy of sciences 2.school of Mathematical sciences, university of Chinese Academy of sciences 3.school of sciences, Beijing university of Posts and Telecommunications 4.Key Laboratory of Mathematics and Information Networks (BUPT), Ministry of Education

The authors extend the shell and kernel reductions for hyperexponential functions over the field of rational functions to a monomial extension. Both of the reductions are incorporated into one algorithm. As an application, the authors present an additive decomposition in rationally hyperexponential towers. The decomposition yields an alternative algorithm for computing elementary integrals over such towers. The alternative can find some elementary integrals that are unevaluated by the integrators in the latest versions of maple and mathematica.

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Hierarchically Distributed Optimization with a Flexible and Complexity-Reducing Algorithm

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Journal of Systems science & Complexity 2024年

作者： LIANG Shu ZHANG Lei WEI Yiheng LIU Yemo 1.Department of Control science and Engineering, Tongji university 2.Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems 3.school of Mathematics, Southeast university 4.Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute Department of Control science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems school of Mathematics Southeast University Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute

In this paper, the authors consider distributed convex optimization over hierarchical networks. The authors exploit the hierarchical architecture to design specialized distributed algorithms so that the complexity can be reduced compared with that of non-hierarchically distributed algorithms.To this end, the authors use local agents to process local functions in the same manner as other distributed algorithms that take advantage of multiple agents' computing resources. Moreover, the authors use pseudocenters to directly integrate lower-level agents' computation results in each iteration step and then share the outcomes through the higher-level network formed by pseudocenters. The authors prove that the complexity of the proposed algorithm exponentially decreases with respect to the total number of pseudocenters. To support the proposed decomposition-composition method for agents and pseudocenters, the authors develop a class of operators. These operators are generalizations of the widely-used subgradient based operator and the proximal operator and can be used in distributed convex optimization. Additionally, these operators are closed with respect to the addition and composition operations; thus, they are suitable to guide hierarchically distributed design and analysis. Furthermore,these operators make the algorithm flexible since agents with different local functions can adopt suitable operators to simplify their calculations. Finally, numerical examples also illustrate the effectiveness of the method.

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Distributed Optimization and Scaling Design for Solving Sylvester Equations

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Journal of Systems science & Complexity 2024年

作者： CHENG Songsong YU Xin ZENG Xianlin LIANG Shu HONG Yiguang 1.Engineering Laboratory of Human-Robot Integration System and Intelligent Equipment, school of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Anhui university 2.Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex Systems, school of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology 3.Department of Control science and Engineering, Tongji university 4.Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Tongji university

This paper develops distributed algorithms for solving Sylvester equations. The authors transform solving Sylvester equations into a distributed optimization problem, unifying all eight standard distributed matrix structures. Then the authors propose a distributed algorithm to find the least squares solution and achieve an explicit linear convergence rate. These results are obtained by carefully choosing the step-size of the algorithm, which requires particular information of data and Laplacian matrices. To avoid these centralized quantities, the authors further develop a distributed scaling technique by using local information only. As a result, the proposed distributed algorithm along with the distributed scaling design yields a universal method for solving Sylvester equations over a multi-agent network with the constant step-size freely chosen from configurable intervals. Finally, the authors provide three examples to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

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A Hybrid and Inexact Algorithm for Nonconvex and Nonsmooth Optimization

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Journal of Systems science & Complexity 2024年

作者： WANG Yiyang SONG Xiaoliang 1.College of Artificial Intelligence,Dalian Maritime university 2.school of Mathematical sciences,Dalian university of Technology

The problem of nonconvex and nonsmooth optimization (NNO) has been extensively studied in the machine learning community,leading to the development of numerous fast and convergent numerical algorithms.Existing algorithms typically employ unified iteration schemes and require explicit solutions to subproblems for ensuring convergence.However,these inflexible iteration schemes overlook task-specific details and may encounter difficulties in providing explicit solutions to subproblems.In contrast,there is evidence suggesting that practical applications can benefit from approximately solving subproblems;however,many existing works fail to establish the theoretical validity of such approximations.In this paper,the authors propose a hybrid inexact proximal alternating method (hiPAM),which addresses a general NNO problem with coupled terms while overcoming all aforementioned challenges.The proposed hiPAM algorithm offers a flexible yet highly efficient approach by seamlessly integrating any efficient methods for approximate subproblem solving that cater to specificities.Additionally,the authors have devised a simple yet implementable stopping criterion that generates a Cauchy sequence and ultimately converges to a critical point of the original NNO problem.The proposed numerical experiments using both simulated and real data have demonstrated that hiPAM represents an exceedingly efficient and robust approach to NNO problems.

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ControlService:a containerized solution for control-algorithm-as-a-service in cloud control systems

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science china(Information sciences) 2024年

作者： Chenggang SHAN Runze GAO Zhen YANG Wei ZHANG Yuanqing XIA 1.school of Artificial Intelligence, Zaozhuang university 2.school of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology school of Artificial Intelligence Zaozhuang University school of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology

As an extension of networked control systems, cloud control systems (CCSs) have emerged as a new control paradigm to improve the service quality of emerging control missions, such as data-driven modeling and automated vehicles. Existing studies have used the workflow-based restructured method to optimize the computation-intensive algorithms in the CCSs. However, the challenges here are how to define and submit these algorithms’ workflows as cloud services and execute these algorithms’ workflows in a containerized manner. Based on these challenges, we propose a containerized solution for the control-algorithm-as-a-service(C3aS) in the CCSs, namely ControlService. It offers the control algorithm as a cloud workflow service and uses a customized workflow engine to realize the containerized execution. First, we employ a cloud workflow representation method to define a control algorithm into an abstract cloud workflow form. Afterward, we provide a cloud service representation of the abstract cloud workflow. Next, we design a workflow engine and submit the cloud service to this workflow engine to implement containerized execution of this cloud service in the CCSs. In the experiment, we discuss the cloud service form and containerized implementation of the subspace identification method. Experimental results show that the proposed ControlService has significant performance advantages in computational time, reduction percentage, and speedup ratio compared with the baseline method.

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