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Signal or.cue: the r.le of str.ctur.l color. in flower.pollination

Cur.ent Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 467-481页

作者： Jair.E. Gar.ia Mani Shr.stha scarlett r. howard Phr.d Peter.en Adr.an G. Dyer School of Media and Communication RMIT University Melbourne Victoria 3001 Australia Faculty of Infor.ation Technology Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia

Angle dependent color., such as ir.descenee, ar. pr.duced by str.ctur.s pr.sent on flower.petals changing their.visual appear.nee. These color. have been pr.posed to act as signals for.plantinsect communication. However. ther. is a paucity of behavior.l data to allow for.inter.r.tations of how to classify these color. either.as a signal or.a cue when con sider.ng the n atur.l con ditions under.which pollination occur.. We sampled flower. fr.m 6 plant species acr.ss var.ous viewpoints looking for.changes in the visual appear.nee of the petals. Spectr.l char.cter.stics wer. measur.d with differ.nt instr.ments to simulate both the spectr.l and spatial char.cter.stics of honeybee's vision. We show the pr.senee of color.patches pr.duced by angle dependent effects on the petals and the calyx of var.ous species;however. the appear.nce of the angle dependent color.patches significantly var.es with viewpoint and would only be r.solved by the insect eye at close distances. Behavior.exper.ments with honeybees r.vealed that pollinator. did not use angle dependent color. to dr.ve behavior.when pr.sented with novel flower.pr.sentations. r.sults show that angle dependent color. do not comply with the r.quir.ments of a signal for.plant-pollinator.communication since the infor.ation tr.nsmitted by these color. would be unr.liable for.potential, fr.e-flying pollination vector.. We thus classify angle dependent color. pr.duced by micr.- and ultr.-str.ctur.s as being a cue (a featur. which has not evolved for.communication), and obser.e no evidence suppor.ing claims of these angle dependent color. having evolved as visual signal.

关键词： appr.ach angle color flower ir.descence photogr.phy pollination vision

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Honeybees pr.fer.novel insect-pollinated flower.shapes over.bir.-pollinated flower.shapes

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Cur.ent Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 457-465页

作者： scarlett r. howard Mani Shr.stha Juer.en Schr.mme Jair.E. Gar.ia Aur.r. AvAr.UES-WEBEr.Andr.w D. Gr.entr.e Adr.an G. DYEr Bio-inspir.d Digital Sensing (BIDS) Lab School of Media and Communication RMIT University Melbourne Victoria 3000 Australia Faculty of Infor.ation Technology Monash University Melbourne Victoria 3800 Australia institute of Developmental Biology and Neur.biology (iDn) Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 55122 Germany Centr. de r.cher.hes sur.la Cognition Animale Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI) Universite de Toulouse CNRS UPS Toulouse 31400 France Ar. Centr. of Excellence for.Nanoscale BioPhotonics School of Science RMIT University Melbourne Victoria 3000 Australia Depar.ment of Physiology Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia

Plant-pollinator.in ter.ctio ns have a fundame ntal in fluence on flower.evolution. Flower.color.signals ar. fr.quently tuned to the visual capabilities of impor.ant pollinator. such as either.bees or.bir.s, but far.less is known about whether.flower.shape in fluences the choices of pollinator.. We tested Eur.pean honeybee Apis mellifer. pr.f er. nces using novel achr.matic (gr.y-scale) images of 12 insect-pollinated and 12 bir.-pollinated native Austr.lian flower. in Ger.any;thus, avoiding in flue nces of color. odor. or.pr.or.exper.e nee. In depende nt bees wer. tested with a number.of par.meter.zed images specifically desig ned to assess pr.f er. nces for.size, shape, br.ghtness, or.the number.of flower.like shapes pr.se nt in an image. We show that honeybees have a pr.f er. nee for.visiti ng images of in sect-polli nated flower. and such a pr.f er. nee is most-likely mediated by holistic in for.ati on r.ther.than by in dividual image par.meter.. Our.r.sults in dicate an giosper.s have evolved flower.shapes which in fluence the choice behavior.of impor.a nt pollinator., and thus suggest spatial achr.matic flower.pr.per.ies ar. an impor.ant par. of visual signaling for.plantpollinator.in ter.ctions.

关键词： angiosper. Apis mellifer. (Eur.pean honeybee) bir.-pollinated flower insect-pollinated pollinator

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