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Liquefaction susceptibility and deformation characteristics of saturated coral sandy soils subjected to cyclic loadings-a critical review

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第1期23卷 261-296页

作者： chen Guoxing Qin You Ma Weijia Liang Ke Wu Qi c.Hsein Juang Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China civil Engineering and Earthquake Disaster Prevention center of Jiangsu Province Nanjing 210009China school of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China college of civil Aviation Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Glenn Department of civil Engineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA

coral sandy soils widely exist in coral island reefs and seashores in tropical and subtropical *** to the unique marine depositional environment of coral sandy soils,the engineering characteristics and responses of these soils subjected to monotonic and cyclic loadings have been a subject of intense interest among the geotechnical and earthquake engineering *** paper critically reviews the progress of experimental investigations on the undrained behavior of coral sandy soils under monotonic and cyclic loadings over the last three *** focus of coverage includes the contractive-dilative behavior,the pattern of excess pore-water pressure(EPWP)generation and the liquefaction mechanism and liquefaction resistance,the small-strain shear modulus and strain-dependent shear modulus and damping,the cyclic softening feature,and the anisotropic characteristics of undrained responses of saturated coral sandy *** particular,the advances made in the past decades are reviewed from the following aspects:(1)the characterization of factors that impact the mechanism and patterns of EPWP build-up;(2)the identification of liquefaction triggering in terms of the apparent viscosity and the average flow coefficient;(3)the establishment of the invariable form of strain-based,stress-based,or energy-based EPWP ratio formulas and the unique relationship between the new proxy of liquefaction resistance and the number of cycles required to reach liquefaction;(4)the establishment of the invariable form of the predictive formulas of small strain modulus and strain-dependent shear modulus;and(5)the investigation on the effects of stress-induced anisotropy on liquefaction susceptibility and dynamic deformation *** gained through the critical review of these advances in the past decades offer a perspective for future research to further resolve the fundamental issues concerning the liquefaction mechanism and responses of coral sandy sites subjecte

关键词： liquefaction susceptibility dynamic deformation characteristics coral sandy soil cyclic loading review and prospect

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Integrins and their potential roles in mammalian pregnancy

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 1-19页

作者： Gregory A.Johnson Robert c.Burghardt Fuller W.Bazer Heewon Seo Joe W.cain Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843‑4459USA Department of Animal science College of Agriculture and Life SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843‑2471USA

Integrins are a highly complex family of receptors that, when expressed on the surface of cells, can mediate reciprocal cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix(EcM) interactions leading to assembly of integrin adhesion complexes(IAcs) that initiate many signaling functions both at the membrane and deeper within the cytoplasm to coordinate processes including cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, survival, differentiation, and metabolism. All metazoan organisms possess integrins, and it is generally agreed that integrins were associated with the evolution of multicellularity, being essential for the association of cells with their neighbors and surroundings, during embryonic development and many aspects of cellular and molecular biology. Integrins have important roles in many aspects of embryonic development, normal physiology, and disease processes with a multitude of functions discovered and elucidated for integrins that directly influence many areas of biology and medicine, including mammalian pregnancy, in particular implantation of the blastocyst to the uterine wall, subsequent placentation and conceptus(embryo/fetus and associated placental membranes) development. This review provides a succinct overview of integrin structure, ligand binding, and signaling followed with a concise overview of embryonic development, implantation, and early placentation in pigs, sheep, humans, and mice as an example for rodents. A brief timeline of the initial localization of integrin subunits to the uterine luminal epithelium(LE) and conceptus trophoblast is then presented, followed by sequential summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs, sheep, humans, and rodents. As appropriate for this journal, summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs and sheep are in depth, whereas summaries for humans and rodents are brief. Because similar models to those illustrated in Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are present throughout the sc

关键词： Humans Implantation Integrins Pigs Pregnancy Rodents Sheep

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A modular microfluidic platform to study how fluid shear stress alters estrogen receptor phenotype in ER+breast cancer cells

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Microsystems & nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 287-299页

作者： Braulio Andrés Ortega Quesada Jonathan cuccia Rachael coates Blake nassar Ethan Littlefield Elizabeth c.Martin Adam T.Melvin cain Department of chemical Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department of chemical and Biological Engineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA Biological and Agricultural Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department Medicine Section Hematology and Medical OncologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70118USA

Metastatic breast cancer leads to poor prognoses and worse outcomes in patients due to its invasive behavior and poor response to *** is still unclear what biophysical and biochemical factors drive this more aggressive phenotype in metastatic cancer;however recent studies have suggested that exposure to fluid shear stress in the vasculature could cause *** this study a modular microfluidic platform capable of mimicking the magnitude of fluid shear stress(FSS)found in human vasculature was designed and *** device provides a platform to evaluate the effects of FSS on McF-7 cell line,an estrogen receptor positive(ER+)breast cancer cell line,during circulation in the *** of the effects of FSS on McF-7 cells was carried out utilizing two approaches:single cell analysis and bulk *** single cell analysis,cells were trapped in a microarray after exiting the serpentine channel and followed by immunostaining on the device(on-chip).Bulk analysis was performed after cells were collected in a microtube at the outlet of the microfluidic serpentine channel for western blotting(off-chip).It was found that cells exposed to an FSS magnitude of 10 dyn/cm^(2) with a residence time of 60 s enhanced expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 in the McF-7 cell line at a single cell *** understand possible mechanisms for enhanced Ki67 expression,on-chip and off-chip analyses were performed for pro-growth and survival pathways ERK,AKT,and JAK/*** demonstrated that after shearing the cells phosphorylation of p-AKT,p-mTOR,and p-STAT3 were ***,there was no change in p-ERK1/*** is a mediator of ER rapid signaling,analysis of phosphorylated ERαwas carried out and no significant differences between sheared and non-sheared populations were *** together these results demonstrate that FSS can increase phosphorylation of proteins associated with a more aggressive phenotype in circulating cancer *** findin

关键词： fluid breast estrogen

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Efficient Vision Transformers for Autonomous Off-Road Perception Systems

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Journal of computer and communications 2024年第9期12卷 188-207页

作者： Max H. Faykus III Adam Pickeral Ethan Marquez Melissa c. Smith Jon c. calhoun Holcombe Department of Electrical and computer Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC USA

The development of autonomous vehicles has become one of the greatest research endeavors in recent years. These vehicles rely on many complex systems working in tandem to make decisions. For practical use and safety reasons, these systems must not only be accurate, but also quickly detect changes in the surrounding environment. In autonomous vehicle research, the environment perception system is one of the key components of development. Environment perception systems allow the vehicle to understand its surroundings. This is done by using cameras, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), with other sensor systems and modalities. Deep learning computer vision algorithms have been shown to be the strongest tool for translating camera data into accurate and safe traversability decisions regarding the environment surrounding a vehicle. In order for a vehicle to safely traverse an area in real time, these computer vision algorithms must be accurate and have low latency. While much research has studied autonomous driving for traversing well-structured urban environments, limited research exists evaluating perception system improvements in off-road settings. This research aims to investigate the adaptability of several existing deep-learning architectures for semantic segmentation in off-road environments. Previous studies of two convolutional neural network (cnn) architectures are included for comparison with new evaluation of Vision Transformer (ViT) architectures for semantic segmentation. Our results demonstrate viability of ViT architectures for off-road perception systems, having a strong segmentation accuracy, lower inference speed and memory footprint compared to previous results with cnn architectures.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation Off-Road Vision Transformers cnns Autonomous Driving

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Estimation of Peanut Maturity Using color Image Analysis

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American Journal of Plant sciences 2024年第8期15卷 617-635页

作者： Wei-Zhen Liang Kendall R. Kirk James S. Thomas Andrew c. Warner Department of Biological Systems Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Panhandle Research and Extension center University of Nebraska-Lincoln Scottsbluff NE USA Department of Plant Environmental science Clemson University Clemson SC USA Edisto Research and Education center Clemson University Blackville SC USA University of Georgia-Athens cooperative Extension Athens GA USA

Peanuts pods grow underground and mature unevenly, resulting that choosing the correct time to harvest is more complicated than other crops. Pod maturity can be determined by blasting with a pressure washer to remove outer skin of the pod (exocarp) to expose the color of the middle layer (mesocarp). The mesocarp color changes with maturity from white to yellow, orange, brown and finally black. The sum of percentage from orange, brown, and black mesocarp (OBB) color and black color (BL) represents the kernels that are mature enough to harvest. The goal of this research is to identify methodologies to estimate OBB and BL of the pods using RGB images taken in the field and validate the proposed model using other pod images. The Mahalanobis distance classification method was used to process sets of images and calculate pod area (number of pixels) corresponding to two classes (mesocarp and background) with nine different color groups. The results showed a performance of 94% effectiveness for mesocarp using Mahalanobis distance classification. Statistical regression for OBB and BL was developed based on 315 images of peanut pods taken from the field. The R2 and root mean square error of predicted and actual OBB were 0.93 and 4.1%, respectively. The R2 and root mean square error of predicted and actual BL were 0.88 and 1.8%, respectively. The validation of OBB using other images provided reasonable estimation (R2 = 0.98 and RMSE = 2.73%). This study introduces a novel, cost-effective, and non-destructive method for estimating peanut maturity using RGB imagery and Mahalanobis distance classification in the field. This innovative approach addresses the limitations of traditional methods and offers a robust alternative for real-time maturity assessment.

关键词： Peanut Maturity Mesocarp Exocarp Mahalanobis Distance Statistical Regression

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Management of distal cholangiocarcinoma with arterial involvement: Systematic review and case series on the role of neoadjuvant therapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第8期16卷 2689-2701页

作者： Lewis A Hall Duncan Loader Santiago Gouveia Marta Burak James Halle-Smith Peter Labib Moath Alarabiyat Ravi Marudanayagam Bobby V Dasari Keith J Roberts Syed S Raza Michail Papamichail David c Bartlett Robert P Sutcliffe nikolaos A chatzizacharias Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom college of Medical and Dental sciences University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Institute of clinical sciences University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

BAcKGROUnD The use of neoadjuvant therapy(nAT)in distal cholangiocarcinoma(dccA)with regional arterial or extensive venous involvement,is not widely accepted and evidence is *** To synthesise evidence on nAT for dccA and present the experience of a highvolume tertiary-centre managing dccA with arterial *** A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidance to identify all studies reporting outcomes of patients with dccA who received *** patients from 2017 to 2022 who were referred for nAT for dccA at our centre were retrospectively collected from a prospectively maintained *** characteristics,nAT type,progression to surgery and oncological outcomes were *** Twelve studies were *** definition of“unresectable”locally advanced dccA was *** studies reported outcomes for 9 patients who received nAT for dccA with extensive vascular involvement.R0 resection rate ranged between 0 and 100%but without survival benefit in most *** studies considered either nAT in resectable dccA or inclusive with extrahepatic *** presented case series includes 9 patients(median age 67,IQR 56-74 years,male:female 5:4)referred for nAT for borderline resectable or locally advanced *** patients progressed to surgery and 2 were *** patient died at 14 months with evidence of recurrence at 6 months and the other died at 51 months following recurrence 6 months *** Evidence for benefit of nAT is *** on criteria for uniform definition of resectability for dccA is *** propose using the established national-comprehensive-cancer-network®criteria for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

关键词： cholangiocarcinoma neoadjuvant therapy Arterial involvement Locally advanced Systematic review

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co_(6)Se_(8)(PEt_(3))_(6) superatoms as tunable chemical dopants for two-dimensional semiconductors

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npj computational Materials 2018年第1期4卷 373-378页

作者： Arthur c.Reber Shiv n.Khanna Department of Physics Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA 23284USA

Electronic,optoelectronic,and other functionalities of semiconductors are controlled by the nature and density of carriers,and the location of the Fermi *** strategies to tune these parameters holds the key to precise control over semiconductors *** propose that ligand exchange on superatoms can offer a systematic strategy to vary these *** demonstrate this by considering a WSe_(2) surface doped with ligated metal chalcogenide co_(6)Se_(8)(PEt_(3))_(6) *** superatoms are characterized by valence quantum states that can readily donate multiple *** find that the WSe_(2) support binds more strongly to the co_(6)Se_(8) cluster than the PEt3 ligand,so ligand exchange between the phosphine ligand and the WSe_(2) support is energetically *** metal chalcogenide superatoms serves as a donor that may transform the WSe_(2) p-type film into an ntype *** theoretical findings complement recent experiments where WSe_(2) films with supported co_(6)Se_(8)(PEt_(3))_(6) are indeed found to undergo a change in behavior from p-to *** further show that by replacing the PEt3 ligands by cO ligands,one can control the electronic character of the surface and deposited species.

关键词： properties. semiconductors holds

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Hematological Malignancies in Sickle cell Disease Patients: Report of Four cases in Togo and Literature Review

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 31-41页

作者： Padaro Essohana Guedenon M. Koffi Magnang Hèzouwè Womey M. c. Kodzovi Layibo Yao Kalaissi Mandjamana Agate R. Pikiliwè Department of Hematology Campus Teaching Hospital University of Lomé Lomé Togo Department of Pediatrics Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital University of Lomé Lomé Togo national center of Research and Treatement of Sickle cell Disease Patients (cnRSD) Lomé Togo Department of Hematology Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital University of Lomé Lomé Togo

Background: Hemopathies were rarely observed in major sickle cell disease patients some thirty years ago, probably due to the high mortality rate among the latter as a result of progressive complications. Thanks to advances in the management of sickle cell disease, patients' life expectancy has increased considerably, exposing them more frequently to neoplasia, including hematological malignancies. The increased risk of leukemogenesis is multifactorial and linked to the pathophysiological mechanisms of the clinical manifestations of sickle cell disease. Study Setting: The clinical haematology department of campus teaching hospital and the paediatric onco-haematology unit of Sylvanus Olympio teaching hospital in Lomé were used as study settings. Observations: Four hematologic malignancies were collected in a cohort of 5847 major sickle cell syndromes. The median age of the patients was 31.25 years (extremes: 14 and 58 years) and they were predominantly female (sex ratio M/F = 0.25). Two were on background therapy with hydroxyurea. Among the four patients, there were two cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia, including ALL3 in a 58-year-old SS woman and T-ALL2 in a 12-year-old sc. Then, a case of lymphocytic lymphoma in a 20-year-old SS man was reported and finally a case of chronic myelocytic leukemia in a 33-year-old woman of Sβ+ thalassaemia phenotype. conclusion: To further report this coexistence, it is therefore essential to systematically consider hematological malignancies during major sickle cell syndromes even if there are similarities in the symptomatology of these two serious pathological situations.

关键词： Hematological Malignancies Sickle cell Disease Lomé-Togo

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Different characteristics of chronic dibutyltin dichloride-induced pancreatitis and cholangitis in mouse and rat

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第2期19卷 169-174页

作者： Friederike Lütt Luise Ehlers Horst nizze Robert Jaster Department of Medicine II Division of GastroenterologyRostock University Medical CenterE.-Heydemann-Str.618057 RostockGermany Institute of Pathology Rostock University Medical CenterStrempelstraβ1418057 RostockGermany

Background:current animal models of chronic pancreatitis(cP)often provide only limited pathophysio-logical insights since they incompletely reflect the human *** induced by injection of dibutyltin dichloride(DBTc-pancreatitis)shares with human cP the important feature of extended fibrosis and would be an even more attractive model if it could be transferred from rats to mice,as recently sug-gested in the context of combined ethanol and DBTc *** study aimed to evaluate the effects of DBTc in pancreas and liver of c57BL/6 mice,a strain commonly used to engineer genetic mouse ***:c57BL/6 mice and Lewis rats were exposed to variable doses of *** an investigation period of up to 4 weeks,laboratory findings and histopathological changes of pancreas and liver were ***:chronic DBTc-pancreatitis in rats was characterized by acinar cell damage,ductal changes,fi-brosis,and inflammatory cell *** treated with DBTc at 6–8 mg/kg body weight,the standard doses in rats,showed transient increases of lipase activities but no morphological signs of chronic DBTc-pancreatitis 4 weeks after injection of the *** doses of 10–12 mg/kg DBTc were intolerable due to their high *** contrast,mice and rats presented with a similar histopathology of the liver that can be characterized as a chronic-proliferative DBTc-cholangitis with predominating damage and proliferation of the small bile ducts as well as secondary portal inflammatory cell infiltrates and a begin-ning portal ***:The DBTc-model cannot be transferred from rats to c57BL/6 mice with respect to chronic DBTc-pancreatitis,but might be of interest to study DBTc-cholangitis in both species.

关键词： Animal models cholangitis Pancreatitis

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complex Polynomial Vector Fields Having a Finitely curved Orbit

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2007年第12期23卷 2247-2252页

作者： B.scDUA Instituto de Matemática C.P.68530Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

The author proves that a non-singular polynomial vector field without invariant lines and having an entire finitely curved transcendent orbit on c^2 must be equivalent to a trivial vector field by a holomorphic change of coordinates. Other classification results are obtained for polynomial vector fields having a finitely curved orbit on c^2.

关键词： holomorphic foliation minimal immersion Huber-Osserman theorem

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