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On a New Geometric Constant Related to the Modulus of Smoothness of a Banach Space

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2014年第9期30卷 1526-1538页

作者： Yasuji takahashi Mikio KATO Department of System Engineering Okayama Prefectural University Department of Mathematics Faculty of EngineeringShinshu University

We shall introduce a new geometric constant A（X） of a Banach space X, which is closely related to the modulus of smoothness px （T）, and investigate it in relation with the constant As （X） by Baronti et al., the von Neumann-Jordan constant CNj（X） and the James constant J（X）. A sequence of recent results on these constants as well as some other geometric constants will be strengthened and improved.

关键词： Constant A（X） von Neumann-Jordan constant James constant modulus of smoothness modulus of convexity uniform non-squareness

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Tunable deconfined quantum criticality and interplay of different valence-bond solid phases

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第5期29卷 52-65页

作者：赵博文 Jun takahashi Anders W.Sandvik Department of Physics Boston University590 Commonwealth AvenueBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

We use quantum Monte Carlo simulations to study an S = 1/2 spin model with competing multi-spin interactions. We find a quantum phase transition between a columnar valence-bond solid(cVBS) and a Néel antiferromagnet(AFM), as in the scenario of deconfined quantum-critical points, as well as a transition between the AFM and a staggered valence-bond solid(sVBS). By continuously varying a parameter, the sVBS–AFM and AFM–cVBS boundaries merge into a direct sVBS–cVBS transition. Unlike previous models with putative deconfined AFM–cVBS transitions, e.g., the standard J–Q model,in our extended J–Q model with competing cVBS and sVBS inducing terms the transition can be tuned from continuous to first-order. We find the expected emergent U(1) symmetry of the microscopically Z4 symmetric cVBS order parameter when the transition is continuous. In contrast, when the transition changes to first-order, the clock-like Z4 fluctuations are absent and there is no emergent higher symmetry. We argue that the confined spinons in the sVBS phase are fracton-like.We also present results for an SU(3) symmetric model with a similar phase diagram. The new family of models can serve as a useful tool for further investigating open questions related to deconfined quantum criticality and its associated emergent symmetries.

关键词： quantum phase transitions deconfined quantum criticality quantum spin systems quantum Monte Carlo simulations

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Molecular anatomy and pathogenic actions of Helicobacter pylori CagA that underpin gastric carcinogenesis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第1期17卷 50-63页

作者： Atsushi takahashi-Kanemitsu Christopher T.Knight Masanori Hatakeyama Department of Microbiology Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan

Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori cagA-positive strains is the strongest risk factor for gastric cancer.The cagA gene product,CagA,is delivered into gastric epithelial cells via the bacterial type IV secretion system.Delivered CagA then undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation at the Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala(EPIYA)motifs in its C-terminal region and acts as an oncogenic scaffold protein that physically interacts with multiple host signaling proteins in both tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent and-independent manners.Analysis of CagA using in vitro cultured gastric epithelial cells has indicated that the nonphysiological scaffolding actions of CagA cell-autonomously promote the malignant transformation of the cells by endowing the cells with multiple phenotypic cancer hallmarks:sustained proliferation,evasion of growth suppressors,invasiveness,resistance to cell death,and genomic instability.Transgenic expression of CagA in mice leads to in vivo oncogenic action of CagA without any overt inflammation.The in vivo oncogenic activity of CagA is further potentiated in the presence of chronic inflammation.Since Helicobacter pylori infection triggers a proinflammatory response in host cells,a feedforward stimulation loop that augments the oncogenic actions of CagA and inflammation is created in CagA-injected gastric mucosa.Given that Helicobacter pylori is no longer colonized in established gastric cancer lesions,the multistep nature of gastric cancer development should include a“hit-and-run”process of CagA action.Thus,acquisition of genetic and epigenetic alterations that compensate for CagA-directed cancer hallmarks may be required for completion of the“hit-and-run”process of gastric carcinogenesis.

关键词： cagA/CagA Helicobacter pylori SHP2 PAR1 inflammation “hit-and-run”carcinogenesis

Molecular Mechanisms Contributing to Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase-Targeted Therapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

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Clinical oncology and cancer resexreh 2012年第1期9卷 18-22页

作者： Fariz Nurwidya Akiko Murakami Fumiyuki takahashi Kazuhisa takahashi Department of Respiratory Medicine Juntendo University School of Medicine

One of the most important pathways in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) is the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) pathway. This pathway affects several crucial processes in tumor development and progression,including tumor cell proliferation,apoptosis regulation,angiogenesis,and metastatic invasion.Targeting EGFR is currently being intensely explored.We are witnessing the development of a number of potential molecular-inhibiting treatments for application in clinical oncology.In the last decade,the tyrosine kinase(TK) domain of the EGFR was identified in NSCLC patients,and it has responded very well with a dramatic clinical improvement to TK inhibitors such are gefitinib and erlotinib.Unfortunately,there were primary and/or secondary resistance to these treatments,as shown by clinical trials.Subsequent molecular biology studies provided some explanations for the drug resistance phenomenon.The molecular mechanisms of resistance need to be clarified.An in-depth understanding of these targeted-therapy resistance may help us explore new strategies for overcoming or reversing the resistance to these inhibitors for the future of NSCLC treatment.

关键词：非小细胞肺癌受体酪氨酸激酶靶向治疗分子机制表皮生长因子受体临床试验分子生物学 EGFR

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日产漫长的电动汽车电池再利用之路

商业周刊（中文版） 2023年第11期 40-42页

作者： Nicholas takahashi 永年(译) 不详

●日产没有简单地拆解旧电池以获取贵金属,而是采取了重新利用它们的劳动密集型方法在日本东北部的一个海滨小镇,工厂工人正在拆卸世界上第一批大销量电动汽车的旧电池,并为它们的第二次生命做准备。重复使用电池可以帮助汽车工业实现... 详细信息

●日产没有简单地拆解旧电池以获取贵金属,而是采取了重新利用它们的劳动密集型方法在日本东北部的一个海滨小镇,工厂工人正在拆卸世界上第一批大销量电动汽车的旧电池,并为它们的第二次生命做准备。重复使用电池可以帮助汽车工业实现其承诺,即实现真正的绿色转型。

关键词：绿色转型第二次生命电动汽车电池劳动密集型工厂工人重复使用贵金属日产

Pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:Overview with emphasis on histology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第42期16卷 5280-5285页

作者： Yoshihisa takahashi Toshio Fukusato Department of Pathology Teikyo University School of Medicine2-11-1 KagaItabashi-kuTokyo 173-8605Japan

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is a disease in which excessive fat accumulates in the liver of a patient without a history of alcohol abuse.This disease includes simple steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).NAFLD/NASH is recognized as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome.In recent years,pediatric NAFLD has increased in line with the increased prevalence of pediatric obesity.The estimated prevalence of pediatric NAFLD is 2.6%-9.6%,and it is associated with sex,age,and ethnicity.With regard to the pathogenesis of NAFLD,the "two-hit" hypothesis is widely accepted and oxidative stress is thought to play an important role in the second hit.Although clinical symptoms,laboratory data,and imaging findings are important,liver biopsy is regarded as the gold standard for the diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH.In addition,liver biopsy is essential for assessing the degree of necro-inflammatory change and fibrosis in NASH.Two different types of steatohepatitis(type 1 and type 2 NASH) have been reported,with type 2 NASH being present in as many as 51% of pediatric NAFLD patients.However,we and others have observed that type 1 and 2 patterns commonly overlap.Although pharmacotherapy has been studied in clinical trials,lifestyle modification by diet and exercise remains the mainstay of treatment for NAFLD/NASH.

关键词： Children Histology Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Obesity

Haptic interface using tendon electrical stimulation with consideration of multimodal presentation

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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware 2019年第2期1卷 163-175页

作者： Akifumi takahashi Kenta TANABE Hiroyuki KAJIMOTO Department of Informatics University of Electro-CommunicationsChofuTokyo 182-8585Japan

Background Our previous studies have shown that electrical stimulation from the skin surface to the tendon region(Tendon Electrical Stimulation:TES)can elicit a force sensation,and adjusting the current parameters can control the amount of the sensation.TES is thought to present a proprioceptive force sensation by stimulating receptors or sensory nerves responsible for recognizing the magnitude of the muscle contraction existing inside the tendon,so it can be a proprioceptive module of a small-size,low-cost force feedback device.But there is also suspect that TES presents only strong,noisy skin sensation.From previous study,it was found that TES has some limitation on varying sensations.Methods In this study,in addition to characterizing the proprioceptive sensation induced by TES,we constructed a multimodal presentation system reproducing a situation in which force is applied to the hand was offered,so as to investigate whether TES contributed to the reproduction of haptics cooperating with other modalities,rather than disturbing them.Specifically,we used vibration to present a cutaneous sensation and a visual head mounted display(HMD)system to present simultaneous images.Using this system,we also evaluated the efficacy of TES itself and that of the multimodal system involving TES.Results We found that TES,along with visual and vibration stimulation,contributed to the perception of a certain force.Conclusions Thus,TES appears to be an effective component of multimodal force sense presentation systems.

关键词： Tendon Electrical Stimulation Proprioception Multimodal Force sensation

A sulfur–microporous carbon composite positive electrode for lithium/sulfur and silicon/sulfur rechargeble batteries

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2015年第6期25卷 612-621页

作者： Takuya takahashi Masaki Yamagata Masashi Ishikawa Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Faculty of ChemistryMaterials and BioengineeringKansai University

Sulfur is an advantageous material as a promising next-generation positive electrode material for high-energy lithium batteries due to a high theoretical capacity of 1672 m A h g 1although its discharge potential is somewhat modest:ca.2 V vs Li/Lit.However,a sulfur positive electrode has some crucial problems for practical use,which are mainly attributed to the dissolution of its intermediate products in charge–discharge processes.In order to resolve the dissolution problem of lithium polysulfide,we attempted to synthesize a sulfur–microporous activated carbon(AC) composite positive electrode.Moreover,we have systematically researched the battery performance of sulfur–microporous AC positive electrode with variations of electrolytes as well as negative electrodes,and found its promising positive electrode performance for a nextgeneration rechargeable battery.

关键词： Sulfur Micropore Ionic liquid Silicon Lithium-ion battery

Comparison of decompression tubes with metallic stents for the management of right-sided malignant colonic obstruction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第16期25卷 1975-1985页

作者： Yoshiyuki Suzuki Konosuke Moritani Yuki Seo Takayuki takahashi Department of Surgery Ashikaga Red Cross HospitalTochigi 326-0843Japan

BACKGROUND Emergency surgical resection is a standard treatment for right-sided malignant colonic obstruction; however, the procedure is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity. Although a bridge to surgery can be created to obviate the need for emergency surgery, its effects on long-term outcomes and the most practical management strategies for right-sided malignant colonic obstruction remain unclear.AIM To determine the appropriate management approach for right-sided malignant colonic obstruction.METHODS Forty patients with right-sided malignant colonic obstruction who underwent curative resection from January 2007 to April 2017 were included in the study.We compared the perioperative and long-term outcomes of patients who received bridges to surgery established using decompression tubes and those created using self-expandable metallic stents(SEMS). The primary outcome was the overall survival duration(OS) and the secondary endpoints were the diseasefree survival(DFS) duration and the preoperative and postoperative morbidity rates. Analysis was performed on an intention-to-treat basis.RESULTS There were 21 patients in the decompression tube group and 19 in the SEMS group. There were no significant differences in the perioperative morbidity rates of the two groups. The OS rate was significantly higher in the decompression tube group than in the SEMS group(5-year OS rate; decompression tube 79.5%,SEMS 32%, P = 0.043). Multivariate analysis revealed that the bridge to surgery using a decompression tube was significantly associated with the OS(hazard ratio, 17.41; P = 0.004). The 3-year DFS rate was significantly higher in thedecompression tube group than in the SEMS group(68.9% vs 45.9%; log-rank test,P = 0.032). A propensity score–adjusted analysis also demonstrated that the prognosis was significantly better in the decompression tube group than in the SEMS group.CONCLUSION The bridge to surgery using trans-nasal and trans-anal decompression tubes for right-sided malignant colonic obstruction is saf

关键词： Right-sided colon cancer Large bowel obstruction Self-expandable metallic stent Trans-anal tube Trans-nasal tube