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Fine root litter quality regulates soil carbon storage efficiency in subtropical forest soils

Soil Ecology Letters 2023年第4期5卷 65-80页

作者： Shan Xu Fanglong Su Emma j.sayer Shu Kee Lam Xiankai Lu Chengshuai Liu Derrick Y.F.Lai Department of Geography and Resource Management The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510070China Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUnited Kingdom Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute P.O.Box 0843-03092BalboaAnconPanamaRepublic of Panama School of Agriculture and Food The University of MelbourneVictoria 3010Australia Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science&TechnologyGuangzhou 510650China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China Centre for Environmental Policy and Resource Management The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina

●High-quality and low-quality root litter had contrasting patterns of mass loss.●Greater litter-derived C was incorporated into soils under high-quality root litter.●Root litter decay rate or litter-derived C were related to soil microbial diversity.●Root litter quality had little effect on soil physicochemical properties.●High root litter quality was the main driver of enhanced soil C storage *** root litter is a major contributor to soil carbon(C)storage in forest *** decomposition,the quality of root litter could play a critical role in soil C ***,it is unclear whether root litter quality influences soil C storage *** conducted a two-year greenhouse decomposition experiment using 13C-labeled fine root litter of two tree species to investigate how root litter quality,represented by C to nitrogen(C/N)ratios,regulates decomposition and C storage efficiency in subtropical forest soils in China.‘High-quality’root litter(C/N ratio=26)decayed faster during the first year(0−410 days),whereas‘low-quality’root litter(C/N ratio=46)decomposed faster toward the end of the two-year period(598−767 days).However,over the two years of the study,mass loss from high-quality root litter(29.14±1.42%)was lower than‘low-quality’root litter(33.01±0.54%).Nonetheless,root litter C storage efficiency(i.e.,the ratio of new root litter-derived soil C to total mineralized root litter C)was significantly greater for high-quality root litter,with twice as much litter-derived C stored in soils compared to low-quality root litter at the end of the *** litter quality likely influenced soil C storage via changes in microbial diversity,as the decomposition of high-quality litter declined with increasing bacterial diversity,whereas the amount of litter-derived soil C from low-quality litter increased with fungal *** results thus reveal that root litter quality mediates decomposition and C storage in subtropical forest soils in Ch

关键词： fine root litter quality root litter decomposition litter carbon storage efficiency soil organic carbon accumulation subtropical forest

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The grassland carbon cycle:Mechanisms,responses to global changes,and potential contribution to carbon neutrality

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Fundamental Research 2023年第2期3卷 209-218页

作者： Lingli Liu Emma j.sayer Meifeng Deng Ping Li Weixing Liu Xin Wang Sen Yang junsheng Huang jie Luo Yanjun Su joséM.Grünzweig Lin jiang Shuijin Hu Shilong Piao State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancaster LA14YQUnited Kingdom Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichZurich 8057Switzerland Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture The Robert H.Smith Faculty of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot 7610001Israel School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology310 Ferst DriveAtlantaGA 30332United States Department of Plant Pathology North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27607United States Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Grassland is one of the largest terrestrial biomes,providing critical ecosystem services such as food production,biodiversity conservation,and climate change *** climate change and land-use intensification have been causing grassland degradation and desertification *** one of the primary medium for ecosystem energy flow and biogeochemical cycling,grassland carbon(C)cycling is the most fundamental process for maintaining ecosystem *** this review,we first summarize recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning spatial and temporal patterns of the grassland C cycle,discuss the importance of grasslands in regulating inter-and intra-annual variations in global C fluxes,and explore the previously unappreciated complexity in abiotic processes controlling the grassland C balance,including soil inorganic C accumulation,photochemical and thermal degradation,and wind *** also discuss how climate and land-use changes could alter the grassland C balance by modifying the water budget,nutrient cycling and additional plant and soil ***,we examine why and how increasing aridity and improper land use may induce significant losses in grassland C ***,we identify several priorities for future grassland C research,including improving understanding of abiotic processes in the grassland C cycle,strengthening monitoring of grassland C dynamics by integrating ground inventory,flux monitoring,and modern remote sensing techniques,and selecting appropriate plant species combinations with suitable traits and strong resistance to climate fluctuations,which would help design sustainable grassland restoration strategies in a changing climate.

关键词： Climate changes Land-use change Soil Biotic and abiotic interactions Grassland degradation Grassland restoration Carbon accounting Carbon storage and sequestration mechanisms

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Soil microbial biomass and community responses to experimental precipitation change:A meta-analysis

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Soil Ecology Letters 2020年第2期2卷 93-103页

作者： Shan Xu Weixin Geng Emma jsayer Guoyi Zhou Ping Zhou Chengshuai Liu Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science&TechnologyGuangzhou 510650China Guangzhou Institute of Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510070China Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Apartado 0843-03092BalboaAnconPanama Institute of Ecology Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China

The activity of soil microbes is strongly constrained by water ***,it is unclear how microbial activity responds to spatial and temporal changes in precipitation,particularly to long-term precipitation *** identify the spatiotemporal patterns of microbial responses to precipitation changes of differing durations,we conducted a meta-analysis of data from 95 field studies with drought treatments and 109 field studies with elevated precipitation *** results indicated that microbial biomass carbon(MBC)decreased by 17% under drought and increased by 18% under elevated *** all studies,the phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA)biomarkers for fungi and bacteria decreased significantly under drought but increased under elevated *** addition,the negative effect of drought on MBC tended to be greater at sites with a high aridity index,but the effect of elevated precipitation on MBC did not differ among *** importantly,the responses of MBC,fungal and bacterial PLFA abundance did not vary with treatment duration under drought,but under elevated precipitation,they increased in the first five years of treatment and declined *** results are important for our prediction of microbial responses to long-term precipitation change,because they imply that microbes acclimate to long-term elevated precipitation.

关键词： Drought Precipitation change Microbial biomass Microbial community Treatment duration

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层次管程

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电子计算机参考资料 1980年第6期 59-65页

作者： A.M.LISTER P.j.sayer 张学晓袁玉

本文介绍用层次的一组管程构造操作系统的技术。层次反映和增强了系统结构,并引伸到系统核心本身。核心事实上被处理成管理中央处理机的一个专门的管程,这种技术已用于写DEG PDP-15的一个小型实验系统。本文报导关于此系统的经验。讨论... 详细信息

本文介绍用层次的一组管程构造操作系统的技术。层次反映和增强了系统结构,并引伸到系统核心本身。核心事实上被处理成管理中央处理机的一个专门的管程,这种技术已用于写DEG PDP-15的一个小型实验系统。本文报导关于此系统的经验。讨论关于管程过程的互斥问题,并提出一个可行的解决办法。

关键词：管程开销进程间通讯

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血管内超声去肾交感神经术治疗高血压:一项多中心,国际,单盲,随机,假手术对照试验

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中华高血压杂志 2018年第10期26卷 977-977页

作者：刘青叶鹏 Azizi M Schmieder RE Mahfoud F Weber MA Daemen j Davies j Basile j Kirtane Aj Wang Y Lobo MD Saxena M Feyz L Rader F Lurz P sayer j Sapoval M Levy T Sanghvi K Abraham j Sharp ASP Fisher NDL Bloch Mj Reeve-Stoffer H Coleman L Mullin C Mauri L

早期研究表明，基于射频的去肾交感神经术可降低中度高血压患者的血压。研究者研究了在没有使用抗高血压药物的情况下，使用血管内超声去。肾交感神经术是否会降低高血压患者的动态血压。

关键词：高血压患者血管内超声经术交感对照试验多中心治疗肾

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Capacities in Facing Natural Hazards: A Small Island Perspective

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International journal of Disaster Risk Science 2014年第4期5卷 247-264页

作者： Mercy M.F.Rampengan Agni Klintuni Boedhihartono Lisa Law j.C.Gaillard jeffrey sayer School of Earth and Environmental Sciences James Cook UniversityQueensland 4870Australia School of Environment The University of AucklandAuckland 1142New Zealand

Isolated communities on small islands are often characterized as vulnerable and marginalized. We studied the recent history of Laingpatehi, a village on Ruang Island off the north coast of Sulawesi, Indonesia to show that the marginalization-vulnerability nexus can be offset by capacity and social cohesion to enable sustainable livelihoods. The island has been impacted by volcanic eruptions,earthquakes, and competition for marine resources from mainland-based fishermen. The community has shown a remarkable ability to cope and prosper in the face of a series of external hazards. We used a sustainable livelihoods approach to identify the assets that enabled the villagers to cope. Strong social cohesion was central to the ability to organize the community and confront hazards. A diversified livelihood strategy drawing on the small island environment and its coastal and marine resources, income generating activities in a distant satellite village, and significant remittances from employment in other parts of Indonesia underpinned people’s capacities to face *** assistance played a supporting role. The case of Laingpatehi demonstrates how remoteness, rather than being a source of vulnerability, can provide access to existing resources and facilitate innovation. Disaster risk reduction strategies should focus more on reinforcing these existing capacities to deal with hazards and less on physical protection and postdisaster responses.

关键词： Human and social resources Indonesia Livelihood diversity Natural hazards Remote marginal communities Small islands

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The prevalence,associated factors,and impact of urinary incontinence in pregnant and postpartum women in Nanjing,China:A cross-sectional study

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Asian journal of Urology 2023年第3期10卷 337-343页

作者： Xiaowei Yang Lynn sayer Sam Bassett Sue Woodward King’s College London Department of Florence Nightingale Faculty of NursingMidwifery and Palliative CareLondonUnited Kingdom Nanjing Vocational Health College Department of Clinical Teaching and ResearchNanjingChina

Objective:Urinary incontinence(UI)is highly prevalent in antenatal and postnatal women while the prevalence of UI varied largely from 3.84%to 38.65%.This study was to assess the prevalence of UI,the associated factors,and the impact of UI on daily life in pregnant and postpartum women in Nanjing,***:The prevalence of UI and the impact of UI on life were assessed by the validated Chinese version of International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-urinary incontinence-short form and the validated Chinese version of urinary incontinence quality of *** associated factors were estimated by using logistic regression ***:UI affected 37.80%of pregnant women and 16.41%of postpartum women of the study *** the pregnant participants,the prevalence rates of stress UI,urge UI,and mixed UI were 25.77%,4.47%,and 7.10%,*** the postpartum women,the prevalence rates of stress UI,urge UI,and mixed UI were 11.15%,1.92%,and 2.69%,*** both pregnant women and postpartum women,vaginal delivery had significantly increased the odds of reporting UI(p=0.007,p=0.003,respectively).The impact of UI on daily life was significantly greater in postpartum women compared to pregnant women especially in social embarrassment(p=0.000).Conclusion:The prevalence rates of UI were high in pregnant women in Nanjing,*** delivery significantly increased odds of reporting *** has a great impact on pregnant and postpartum women’s life,especially in social embarrassment.

关键词： Postpartum women Pregnant women Prevalence Risk factor Urinary incontinence

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Development of an operational land water mask for MODIS Collection 6,and influence on downstream data products

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International journal of Digital Earth 2017年第2期10卷 207-218页

作者： M.L.Carroll C.M.DiMiceli j.R.G.Townshend R.A.Sohlberg A.I.Elders S.Devadiga A.M.sayer R.C.Levy NASA/GSFC Biospheric Sciences Laboratory GreenbeltMDUSA Science Systems and Applications Inc. LanhamMDUSA Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Atmospheric Oceanic and Earth SciencesGeorge Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA NASA/GSFC Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory GreenbeltMDUSA fGoddard Earth Sciences Technology and Research Universities Space Research AssociationGreenbeltMDUSA NASA/GSFC Climate and Radiation Laboratory GreenbeltMDUSA

Data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer(MODIS)on-board the Earth Observing System Terra and Aqua satellites are processed using a land water mask to determine when an algorithm no longer needs to be run or when an algorithm needs to follow a different *** the fourth reprocessing(Collection 6(C6))the MODIS team replaced the 1 km water mask with a 500 m water mask for improved representation of the continental *** new water mask represents more small water bodies for an overall increase in water surface from 1%to 2%of the continental *** this is still a small fraction of the overall global surface area the increase is more dramatic in certain areas such as the Arctic and Boreal regions where there are dramatic increases in water surface area in the new *** products generated by the on-going C6 reprocessing using the new land water mask show significant impact in areas with high concentrations of change in the land water *** differences between the Collection 5(C5)and C6 water masks and the impact of these differences on the MOD04 aerosol product and the MOD11 land surface temperature product are shown.

关键词： Earth observation image processing land cover remote sensing water resources

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浅水湖泊孢粉和植物残体对水生植被的表现率

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长江流域资源与环境 2005年第4期14卷 456-459页

作者：赵艳李佳佳 Carl sayer 兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室中德干旱环境联合研究中心伦敦大学学院环境变化研究中心

研究浅水湖泊中植物残体对水生植物的表现率,用于重建近代水生植被历史,可为治理湖泊富营养化,恢复湖泊生态环境提供依据。研究选址为英国北部的一个小湖泊,通过水生植物调查及表层沉积物中植物残体和孢粉分析,及地理信息系统方法定量... 详细信息

研究浅水湖泊中植物残体对水生植物的表现率,用于重建近代水生植被历史,可为治理湖泊富营养化,恢复湖泊生态环境提供依据。研究选址为英国北部的一个小湖泊,通过水生植物调查及表层沉积物中植物残体和孢粉分析,及地理信息系统方法定量研究植物残体对水生植物的表现率。结果表明:沉积物中植物残体精确地反映了植物优势种的存在;植物和植物残体的关系是很复杂的,有些植物在残体中表现率明显超高,而有些表现率偏低;应把叶子和其它非繁殖植株部分作为恢复近代多年生植物历史依据;植物残体传输性较差,主要集中在植物母体附近;利用植物残体与孢粉分析相结合的方法能更准确地重建植被历史。

关键词：植物残体水生植被浅水湖泊湖泊富营养化湖泊生态环境水生植物孢粉分析表层沉积物多年生植物植物调查定量研究系统方法地理信息历史优势种传输性近代重建恢复选址

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穿出“少女感”,大概是对姑娘们的最高赞誉

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课堂内外(初中版) 2017年第5期 30-31页

作者： sayer Lee

说到"少艾",大多数人首先想到的就是满脸的胶原蛋白,十四五岁花一样的年纪。但岁月如梭啊,小时候再少女的小艾孩,一旦上了年纪,难免就会长残,但为什么一些人即使上了年纪,三四十岁,依然还保有少女感?比如生娃之后,年龄反而呈负增长趋势... 详细信息

说到"少艾",大多数人首先想到的就是满脸的胶原蛋白,十四五岁花一样的年纪。但岁月如梭啊,小时候再少女的小艾孩,一旦上了年纪,难免就会长残,但为什么一些人即使上了年纪,三四十岁,依然还保有少女感?比如生娃之后,年龄反而呈负增长趋势的大幂幂,比如永远清纯靓丽的女神高圆圆。三分天注定,七分靠打拼,除了大家都羡慕的好底子,她们在着装造型上可没少下功夫。看似浑然天成的少艾感,也要"处心积虑"营造。那么,一个现实问题也摆在面前了:要怎么营造少艾感呢?我们不妨向这3位女星取取经。

关键词：少女姑娘领口

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