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Impact of grazing on soil, vegetation and ewe production performances in a semi-arid rangeland

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第4期15卷 685-694页

作者： Muhammad ISLAM Abdul RAZZAQ Shamim GUL Sarfraz AHMAD Taj MUHAMMAD sawsan HASSAN Barbara RISCHKOWSKY M.N.M.IBRAHIM Mounir LOUHAICHI International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA) South Asia Islamabad Pakistan Animal Sciences Division Pakistan Agricultural Research Council Islamabad Pakistan Botany Department University of Balochistan Quetta Pakistan Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University QC Canada Natural Resources Division Pakistan Agricultural Research Council Islamabad Pakistan Forest & Wildlife Department Quetta Balochistan Pakistan International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA) Amman Jordan International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA) SSA ILRI campus Addis Ababa Ethiopia International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Pakistan

Controlled grazing is considered a good management strategy to maintain or increase the live weight of livestock and to reduce vegetation degradation of rangelands. The present study investigated soil characteristics, aboveground vegetation biomass dynamics and controlled grazinginduced changes in the live weight of local ewes in the semi-arid rangeland of Ahmadun, Ziarat, Balochistanprovince of Pakistan. An area of 115 ha was protected from livestock grazing in April 2014. In June 2015, soil characteristics within 0-30 cm depth i.e. soil organic matter(SOM), mineral nitrogen, p H and texture in controlled and uncontrolled grazing sites were assessed. Aboveground vegetation biomass measured in early(June) and late summer(August) in 2015 and 2016. The nutritional value i.e. crude protein, phosphorus(P), neutral detergent fiber(NDF), acid detergent fiber(ADF), calcium(Ca), magnesium(Mg) and potassium(K) of dominantplant species were assessed at the beginning of experiment in 2015. Vegetation cover of controlled and uncontrolled grazing sites was also measured during the two years of the study period using the Veg Measure software. From June to November in2015 and 2016, controlled and uncontrolled livestock grazing sites were grazed on a daily basis by local ewes with a stocking rate of 2 and 1 head ha^(-1) respectively. Results reveal that the organic matter contents of coarse-textured, slightly alkaline soil of the study site were in the range of 9.4-17.6 g kg^(-1) soil and showed a strong positive correlation with aboveground vegetation biomass. The biomass of plants was 56.5% and 33% greater at controlled than uncontrolled grazing site in 2015 and 2016 respectively and plant cover was also higher at controlled than uncontrolled grazing site in both years The nutrient contents were significantly(P<0.05)lower in grasses than shrubs. In both years, the controlled grazing increased the weight gain of ewes about two folds compared to the uncontrolled *** results

关键词：土壤特征放牧地生产率半干旱植被牧场生物资源土壤有机物

P-Wave Detection Combining Entropic Criterion and Wavelet Transform

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Journal of Signal and Information Processing 2015年第3期6卷 217-226页

作者： sawsan Rekik Noureddinne Ellouze Department of Electric Engineering National School of Engineering of Tunis Tunis Tunisia

The objective of this paper is to develop an efficient P wave detection method in electrocardiogram (ECG) using the local entropy criterion (EC) and wavelet transform (WT) modulus maxima. The detection of P wave relates to the diagnosis of many heart diseases and it is also a difficult point during the ECG signal detection. Determining the position of a P-wave is complicated due to the low amplitude, the ambiguous and changing form of the complex. In a first step, QRS complexes are detected using the pan-Tompkins method. Then, we look for the best position of the analysis window and the value of the most appropriate width to the P wave. Finally, the determination of P wave peaks, as well as their onsets and offsets. The method has been validated using ECG-recordings with a wide variety of P-wave morphologies from MIT-BIH Arrhythmia and QT database. The P-wave method obtains a sensitivity of 99.87% and a positive predictivity of 98.04% over the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia, while for the QT, sensitivity and predictivity over 99.8% are attained.

关键词： ECG P-Wave Entropy Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima

Comparative Studies of New Complexes Synthesized by Chemical and Tribochemical Reactions Derived from Malonic Acid Dihydrazide (L;MAD) with Cu2+and Co2+Salts

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Open Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2018年第1期8卷 28-42页

作者： sawsan Mohamed Al-Ashqar Department of Chemistry Faculty of Applied SciencesUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahKSA

The reaction of L (MAD) with Cu2+ and Co2+ chlorides affords new metal complexes. The isolated solid complexes were synthesized by two different techniques i.e., chemical and tribochemical methods. Four new complexes were synthesized by direct chemical reactions of MCl2 (M = Co2+ and Cu2+) with MAD in absolute EtOH. The isolated solid complexes were used as starting compounds to synthesize another four new complexes using tribochemical technique by grinding the previous complexes in the solid state with excess KI in agate mortar. The results of the isolated complexes indicate the substitution of the chloride by iodide ions during grinding and extraction of the complexes by a mixture of solvents (EtOH + MeOH). Also, the results suggest that no reduction of Cu2+ or oxidation of Co2+ complexes is observed. The IR spectra of the complexes suggest that L acts in a bidentate manner. Moreover, the results of electronic spectra and magnetic measurements for the chloride and iodide complexes suggest distorted-octahedral and/or tetrahedral for Cu2+ and high-spin octahedral and/or tetrahedral structures around the Co2+ ion, respectively.

关键词： Tribochemical Reactions MAD Complexes Spectral and Magnetic Studies Cu2+ and Co2+ Complexes Green Chemistry

An intrinsic limitation to silicon-on-insulator waveguide Mach-Zehnder interference based electro-optic devices

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An intrinsic limitation to silicon-on-insulator waveguide Ma...

Significance of serum leptin and adiponectin levels in Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis C virus associated hepatic steatosis and fibrosis

2010亚洲光电子会议光电器件及其集成分会场

作者： sawsan Abdul-Majid Rob Vandusen Imad hasan T.Garry Tarr Trevor J.Hall School of Information Technology and Engineering University of Ottawa Dept.of Electronics Carleton University

Mach-Zehnder interference（MZI）construction is broadly exploited to implement optical switches and modulators in the field of integrated optical/photonic ***-on-insulator（SOI）waveguides have been increasingly developed to implement highly integrated photonic devices and *** this work,for the SOI-waveguide MZI-type electro-optic（EO）modulated devices with free-carrier dispersion（FCD）effect,the FCD-induced extra optical absorption（EOA） loss and its negative impact upon the device performance are *** intrinsic limitation to this type of device is found to be the tension between the EOA loss and the interaction length for a half-wave *** numerical calculation and professional software simulation show the EOA loss of＜1.0dB determines an interaction length of *** performance decay processes of both EO switch and modulator due to the modulation-induced EOA loss are *** numerical calculation shows the optical on-chip（OC）loss is 1.0dB and the isolation between two outputs is 21dB for the EO switch,while for the EO modulator the OC loss is 1.0dB and 2.5dB at the off-and on-state,respectively,and the extinction ratio only approaches *** negative influence of this intrinsic limitation to the bandwidth of EO modulator is also analyzed.

关键词： Silicon-on-insulator waveguide Mach-Zehnder interference free carrier dispersion effect intrinsic limitation extra optical absorption loss electro-optic switch&modulator

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World Journal of Hepatology 2013年第2期5卷 74-81页

作者： Tarek E Korah sawsan El-Sayed Maathir K ElShafie Ghada E Hammoda Manal A Safan Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineMenoufiya University32511 MenoufiyaEgypt Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of MedicineMenoufiya University32511 MenoufiyaEgypt Department of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineMenoufiya University32511 MenoufiyaEgypt

AIM:To study serum levels of leptin and adiponectin in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection genotype-4(HCV-4) related steatosis and ***:We prospectively studied 45 untreated men with chronic HCV-4,with proven steatosis(group Ⅰ,30 patients),and fibrosis(group Ⅱ,15 patients),on liver *** addition,15 healthy men(group Ⅲ),matched for age,and body mass index were ***,we excluded another five patients with steatohepatitis,and six patients with *** measured total serum leptin and adiponectin levels,as potential predictors for liver steatosis and ***,a correlation between these adipokines and various clinical and laboratory data were *** subjects were selected from Tropical and Internal medicine departments,Menoufiya University Hospital,Menoufiya,Egypt,during the period from February 2010 to August ***:In group Ⅰ,severity of hepatic steatosis was mild,moderate,and severe,in 19 patients(63.5%),8 patients(26.5%),and 3 patients(10%),*** contrast,in group Ⅱ,hepatic fibrosis was found to be in stage 1,2,and 3,in 6 patients(40%),in 6 patients(40%),and in 3 patients(20%),*** comparing group Ⅰ with group Ⅱ,there was a significant decrease in serum adiponectin levels(131.4 ± 7.91 pg/mL vs 436 ± 9.75 pg/mL,P 0.05).However,in the same group,when compared with group Ⅲ,there was a significant increase in serum leptin levels(34.69 ± 7.69 ng/mL vs 10.69 ± 0.84 ng/mL,P < 0.001),while there was a significant decrease in serum adiponectin levels(131.4 ± 7.91 pg/mL vs 342.4 ± 44.48 pg/mL,P < 0.001).In contrast,in group Ⅱ,when compared with group Ⅲ,there was a significant increase in serum leptin and adiponectin levels(35.17 ± 1.06 ng/mL vs 10.69 ± 0.84 ng/mL,P < 0.001,and 436 ± 9.75 pg /mL vs 342.4 ± 44.48 pg/mL,P < 0.05,respectively),while the

关键词： Leptin Adiponectin Hepatitis C virus Hepatic steatosis Hepatic fibrosis

Sweet Cherry (Prunus aviumL.) Fruit Drop Reduction by Plant Growth Regulators (Naphthalene Acetic Acid NAA and Gibberellic Acid GA3)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第9期12卷 1338-1346页

作者： Ammar Askarieh sawsan Suleiman Mahasen Tawakalna Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Lattakia General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research Damascus Syria Horticulture Department Faculty of Agriculture Tishreen University Lattakia Syria Administration of Horticulture Research General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research Damascus Syria

This study was conducted during 2019/2020 on sweet cherry trees (Prunus Avium L.) (Bing and Hardy Giant) cultivar planted at Sergaya-Al_Zabadani area of Rural Damascus, to reduce fruit drop of sweet cherry. The experiment included 4 foliar applications: T1: control, T2: GA3 (100 ppm), T3: NAA (20 ppm), T4: (100 ppm GA3 + 20 ppm NAA). Fruit set and fruit drop percentage, fruiting factor, and yield were recorded. The results showed that treatment with (100 ppm GA3 + 20 ppm NAA) recorded higher fruit set percentage (73.81% and 75.62%), and fruiting factor (48.38% and 50.04%) respectively; In addition to fruit yield (40.19 and 41.21 kg/tree) for both cultivars, compared to the control (9.13, 6.60 kg/tree). Therefore, it can be concluded that GA3 + NAA treatment reduced Sweet cherry fruit drop better than other treatments, where fruit drop percentage didn’t exceed (63.11% and 62.01%) in both cultivars (Bing and Hardy Giant) respectively, compared to the control (80.92% and 80.64%).

关键词： Sweet Cherry Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) Gibberellic Acid (GA3) Fruitset FruitDrop

Incorporating HPS Model into Lebanese Public Schools: Comparison of Adolescents’ Smoking, Alcohol and Drug Use Behavior in HPS versus Other Public and Private Schools in Lebanon

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Open Journal of Nursing 2019年第4期9卷 418-448页

作者： sawsan El Halabi Pascale Salameh College of Nursing and Health Sciences Makassed University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon Lebanese University Beirut Lebanon

In 2010, the World Health Organization supported the Lebanese Ministry of Education and Higher Education to establish a network of 10 Health Promoting Schools (HPS). This study was undertaken to address the extent to which the HPS model was able to produce changes in the risk behaviors of adolescents (Smoking, Drinking, and Drug Use) and prepare them to respond to evolving health challenges. A cross-sectional survey was carried out during 2011-2012 and compared Grade 6 - 9 students in HPS, and 10 other public and private schools. The Youth Risk Behavior Survey [1], and Carbon Monoxide measurements in adolescent breaths were used for data collection. Findings revealed that the current School Health Program failed to address issues of concern to adolescents with no significant differences in risk behaviors: smoking, alcohol and drug use. The HPS network needs reassessment to upgrade the outcomes of health education curricula. Expected learning outcomes and healthy practices must be designed to match students’ age, grade level, and developmental milestones.

关键词： Adolescent Risk Behavior Health Promotion Health Promoting School Health Program Health Behavior Behavior Change

Ethanolic Extract of Nigella sativaSeeds Lacks the Chemopreventive Efficacy in the Post Initiation Phase of DMH-Induced Colon Cancer in a Rat Model

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2013年第2期4卷 222-230页

作者： Wasfi Asfour sawsan Almadi Lina Haffar Department of Histopathology College of Medicine Damascus University Damascus Syria. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of Pharmacy Damascus University Damascus Syria

Nigella sativa, belonging to the Ranunculacea family, is a versatile phytochemical mine bestowed with multi-dimensional medicinal effects. The current study was performed to investigate the chemopreventive efficacy, if any, of the ethanolic extract of indigenous Nigella sativa seeds (ENS) and to evaluate its potentials on tumor progression during the initiation and post initiation phases of Dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis in a rat model. ENS treatment during the initiation phase unveiled chemopreventive effect manifested by significant reductions in tumor incidence, multiplicity and tumor volumes. Histopathological findings and modified Duke’s classification of tumors provided evidence that ENS, administered in the initiation phase, is capable of delaying progression, restricting invasion and attenuating aggressiveness of colon tumors. These results imply that ENS may be a promising candidate in the primary prevention of colon cancer. On the contrary, we demonstrated that ENS lacked chemopreventive and tumorigenesis inhibitory effects in the post initiation phase. We speculate that the chemopreventive effect of ENS might be due to the synergistic actions of various constituents present in the extract. However, extensive studies are warranted and more efforts need to be dedicated to fractionate, analyze and to further appraise the anticancer effect of ENS before any definitive conclusions can be drawn.

关键词： Lack Ethanolic Extract Nigella sativa Dimethylhydrazine Post Initiation Colon Cancer Rat Modified Duke’s Classification

Thymoquinone Suppresses Cellular Proliferation, Inhibits VEGF Production and Obstructs Tumor Progression and Invasion in the Rat Model of DMH-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2013年第1期4卷 7-17页

作者： Wasfi Asfour sawsan Almadi Lina Haffar Department of Histopathology College of Medicine Damascus University Damascus Syria Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of Pharmacy Damascus University Damascus Syria

A myriad of medicinal effects has been attributed to Thymoquinone (TQ), the major biological-active component of Nigella sativa. TQ has been shown to exhibit potent anti-tumor activities. The present work was undertaken to further explore TQ’s chemopreventive efficacy against 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis in the rat model through a two-phase study (initiation and post-initiation) and to evaluate its potential impact on tumor progression and invasion in vivo. TQ treatment in the initiation phase significantly reduced tumor incidence, multiplicity and mean tumor volume. However, although mean tumor volume and multiplicity were decreased upon TQ treatment in the post-initiation phase, TQ did not reduce incidence significantly. Cellular proliferation, as assessed by expression of colonic PCNA, was shown to be inhibited in consequence to TQ treatment in both phases, with a more pronounced reduction in the initiation phase. In addition, our results demonstrated an appreciable negative impact of TQ on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in tumor-bearing rats. Furthermore, we provided evidence that TQ-treatment, in both phases, tended to considerably suppress tumor progression and invasion. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that TQ, at an orally daily dose of 10 mg/kg, has a chemopreventive effect in the initiation phase, and has the potential to attenuate tumor burden, suppress progression of pre-neoplastic lesions and to inhibit tumor growth in the post-initiation phase of DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis, We surmise that such effects of TQ may be due to suppression of cellular proliferation and inhibition of VEGF production. The results could provide an effective chemopreventive approach in the primary prevention of colon cancer in humans in the next future, and illuminate a promising horizon to combat progression of benign colonic pre-neoplastic lesions into malignant metastatic tumors and to manage colon cancer.

关键词： Thymoquinone PCNA-LI VEGF Serum Levels Tumor Progression Invasion Rat DMH-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis Initiation Post Initiation Phase Modified Duke’s Classification Chemoprevention