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Feasibility study of minimally trained medical students using the Rural Obstetrical Ultrasound Triage Exam(ROUTE)in rural Panama

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2018年第3期9卷 216-222页

作者： Annasha Vyas Katherine Moran Joshua Livingston savannah Gonzales Marlene Torres Ali Duffens Carina Mireles Romo Gnevieve Mazza Briana Livingston Shadi Lahham John Christian Fox School of Medicine University of California IrvineIrvineCA 92697USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of California IrvineOrangeCA 92868USA Department of Emergency Medicine University of California IrvineOrangeCA 92868USA

BACKGROUND:Maternal and infant mortality rates reported in rural Panama are greater than those in urban *** del Toro is a region of Panama inhabited by indigenous people at greater risk for pregnancy-related complications and deaths due to geographic isolation and limited access to health *** ultrasound training programs have recently been implemented in low-resource settings to increase access to diagnostic *** goal of this study is to determine the feasibility of teaching firstyear medical students the Rural Obstetrical Ultrasound Triage Exam(ROUTE)to help identify pathology in pregnant women of the Bocas del Toro region of ***:Eight first-year medical students completed ROUTE training *** training,the students were compared to professional sonographers to evaluate their accuracy in performing the *** then performed the ROUTE in mobile clinics within Bocas del *** enrolled women pregnant in their 2nd or 3rd trimesters and measured biparietal diameter,head circumference,amniotic fluid index,fetal lie and placental *** abnormal measurement would be further analyzed by the lead physician for a potential hospital ***:A total of 60 women were enrolled in the *** women were detected as having a possible high-risk pregnancy and thus referred to a hospital for further ***:Based on our data,first-year medical students with additional training can use the ROUTE to identify complications in pregnancy using ultrasound in rural *** studies are required to determine the optimal amount of training required for proficiency.

关键词： Point of care ultrasound Ultrasound education Rural Panama Obstetrics ultrasound

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1996年第4期9卷 380-385页

作者： G. UMA DEVI K. INDIRA G. R. V. BABU AND C. S. CHETTY (Dopartment of Zoology, S. V University, Tirupati-517 502 India Department of Medicine, Univ. Med Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA, Department of Biology, savannah State University, savannah,GA 31404 Department of Zoology S. V. University Tirupati India.

Induced-acetaldehyde toxic effects on gluatathione [GSH] metabolism and sulfhydryl (SH) groups in liver and in brain of female albino rats with reference to age was *** total -SH groups were decreased whereas the specific activities of glutathione-S-transferase [GST] and glutathione peroxidase [GP0] were increased in acetaldehyde treated rats. However, the specific activity levels of glutathione reductase [GR] and Γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase [Γ-GCS] were decreased. In general, acetaldehyde indueed changes in the specific activities of the enzymes that increase with increasing age

关键词： SH Age-related Metabolic Effects of Acetaldehyde on Rats With Reference to Detoxification Enzymes and Sulfhydryl Groups

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Effect of Acetaldehyde on Oxidoreductases in Tissues of Rats at Different Ages

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1996年第4期9卷 430-436页

作者： G. UMA DEVI K. INDIRA G. R. V. BABU AND C. S. CHETTY (Department of Zoology, S. V University, Tirupati-517 502 India Department of Medicine, Univ. Med Center, Jackson, MS-39216,USA Department of Biology, savannah State University,savannah GA-31404, Department of Zoology S. V. University Tirupati India.

The toxicity of acetaldehyde and age related changes on oxidoreductases in the liver,brain, kidney, and musele of female albino rats (Wistar strain) were studied. The specific activities of lactate [LDH], isocitrate [ICDH (NAD/NADP)], succinate [SDH], malate [MDH], glutamate [GDH] and glucose-6-Phosphate [G-6-PDH] dehydrogenases were signifieantly inereased as a function of age. However, acetaldehyde treatment significantly inhibited oxidoreductases in the tissues of 21, 90 and 180 day old rats. Liver enzymes of young (21 days) rats exhibited greater sensitivity to acetaldehyde toxicity. Similar inhibition of oxidoreductases in brain and kidney of adult (180 days) rats treated with acetaldehyde was observed. LDH and GDH as compared to other enzymes studied showed higher susceptibility to acetaldehyde toxicity. The differential sensitivity of tissues and inhibition of oxidoreductases by acetaldehyde as a function of age could be attributed to hypoxic conditions, energy crisis, and mitochondrial structural changes. The results suggest that acetaldehyde affects oxidation of glucose via HMP shuni pathway, glycolytic pathway and Krebs cycle resulting in the impairment of carbohydrate metabolism

关键词： Effect of Acetaldehyde on Oxidoreductases in Tissues of Rats at Different Ages

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The incorporation of emotion-regulation skills into couple-and family-based treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder

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Military Medical Research 2017年第4期4卷 218-228页

作者： Deborah A.Perlick Frederic J.Sautter Julia J.Becker-Cretu Danielle Schultz savannah C.Grier Alexander V.Libin Manon Maitland Schladen Shirley M.Glynn JJPeters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and VISN2 South Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center130 West Kingsbridge RdBronxNY 10468USA Department of Psychiatry Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai1 Gustave L.Levy PINew YorkNY 10029USA Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System 1601 Perdido StNew OrleansLA 70112USA Tulane University School of Medicine 1430 Tulane AveNew OrleansLA 70112USA Research and Development Washington DC VA Medical Center50 Irving St NWWashingtonDC 20422USA. Georgetown University Medical Center 3800 Reservoir Rd NWWashingtonDC 20007USA VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System 11301 Wilshire BlvdLos AngelesCA 90073USA David Geffen School of Medicine UCLA10833 LeConte Ave#12138Los AngelesCA 90095USA

Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) is a disabling, potentially chronic disorder that is characterized by re-experience and hyperarousal symptoms as well as the avoidance of trauma-related stimuli. The distress experienced by many veterans of the Vietnam War and their partners prompted a strong interest in developing conjoint interventions that could both alleviate the core symptoms of PTSD and strengthen family bonds. We review the evolution of and evidence base for conjoint PTSD treatments from the Vietnam era through the post-911 era. Our review is particularly focused on the use of treatment strategies that are designed to address the emotions that are generated by the core symptoms of the disorder to reduce their adverse impact on veterans, their partners and the relationship. We present a rationale and evidence to support the direct incorporation of emotion-regulation skills training into conjoint interventions for PTSD. We begin by reviewing emerging evidence suggesting that high levels of emotion dysregulation are characteristic of and predict the severity of both PTSD symptoms and the level of interpersonal/marital difficulties reported by veterans with PTSD and their family members. In doing so, we present a compelling rationale for the inclusion of formal skills training in emotional regulation in couple–/family-based PTSD treatments. We further argue that increased exposure to trauma-related memories and emotions in treatments based on learning theory requires veterans and their partners to learn to manage the uncomfortable emotions that they previously avoided. Conjoint treatments that were developed in the last 30 years all acknowledge the importance of emotions in PTSD but vary widely in their relative emphasis on helping participants to acquire strategies to modulate them compared to other therapeutic tasks such as learning about the disorder or disclosing the trauma to a loved one. We conclude our review by describing two recent innovative treatmen

关键词： couples family post-traumatic stress disorder emotional regulation

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Upregulation of RIN3 induces endosomal dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2020年第2期9卷 290-308页

作者： Ruinan Shen Xiaobei Zhao Lu He Yongbo Ding Wei Xu Suzhen Lin savannah Fang Wanlin Yang Kijung Sung Brian Spencer Robert A.Rissman Ming Lei Jianqing Ding Chengbiao Wu Institute of Neurology Ruijing HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin Er Rd.Shanghai200025China Department of Neurosciences University of California San Diego School of MedicineRoom 312 MC-06249500 Gilman DriveLa JollaCA92093-0624USA Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine Shanghai200125China Department of Neurology Zhuijiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina San Diego VA Health System San DiegoCAUSA

Background In Alzheimer’s Disease(AD),about one-third of the risk genes identified by GWAS encode proteins that function predominantly in the endocytic *** them,the Ras and Rab Interactor 3(RIN3)is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor(GEF)for the Rab5 small GTPase family and has been implicated to be a risk factor for both late onset AD(LOAD)and sporadic early onset AD(sEOAD).However,how RIN3 is linked to AD pathogenesis is currently *** Quantitative PCR and immunoblotting were used to measure the RIN3 expression level in mouse brain tissues and cultured basal forebrain cholinergic neuron(BFCNs).Immunostaining was used to define subcellular localization of RIN3 and to visualize endosomal changes in cultured primary BFCNs and PC12 *** flag-tagged RIN3 protein was purified from HEK293T cells and was used to define RIN3-interactomes by mass ***3-interacting partners were validated by co-immunoprecipitation,immunofluorescence and yeast two hybrid *** imaging of primary neurons was used to examine axonal transport of amyloid precursor protein(APP)andβ-secretase 1(BACE1).Immunoblotting was used to detect protein expression,processing of APP and phosphorylated forms of *** We have shown that RIN3 mRNA level was significantly increased in the hippocampus and cortex of APP/PS1 mouse *** forebrain cholinergic neurons(BFCNs)cultured from E18 APP/PS1 mouse embryos also showed increased RIN3 expression accompanied by early endosome *** addition,via its proline rich domain,RIN3 recruited BIN1(bridging integrator 1)and CD2AP(CD2 associated protein),two other AD risk factors,to early ***,overexpression of RIN3 or CD2AP promoted APP cleavage to increase its carboxyl terminal fragments(CTFs)in PC12 *** of RIN3 or the neuronal isoform of BIN1 increased phosphorylated Tau ***,upregulation of RIN3 expression promoted accumulation of APP CTFs and increased

关键词： Alzheimer's disease(AD) AD risk factors Endosomes Trafficking RIN3 BIN1 CD2AP Tau

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Microglial heterogeneity: distinct cell types or differential functional adaptation?

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Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation 2020年第3期7卷 248-263页

作者： savannah D.Benusa Nicholas M.George Jeffrey L.Dupree Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA 23298USA Research Service HH McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical CenterRichmondVA 23249USA Neuroscience Program University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045USA

Microglia were first characterized by del Rio Hortega about 100 years ago but our understanding of these cells has only gained traction in the last 20 *** now recognize that microglia are involved in a plethora of activities including circuitry refinement,neuronal and glial trophic support,cell number modulation,angiogenesis and immune *** to immune surveillance,microglia detect threats which then drive their transformation from ramified to amoeboid *** morphological transition is accompanied by changes in cytokine and chemokine expression,which are far less conserved than *** simplify discussion of these expression changes,nomenclature ascribed to states of macrophage activation,known as Macrophage 1("M1";classic)and Macrophage 2("M2";alternative),have been assigned to ***,such a classification for microglia is an oversimplification that fails to accurately represent the array of cellular ***,multiple subclasses of microglia have now been described that do not belong to the"M1/M2"***,we provide a brief review outlining the prominent subclasses of microglia that have been described ***,we present novel NanoString data demonstrating distinct microglial phenotypes from three commonly used central nervous system inflammation murine models to study microglial response and conclude with an introduction of recent RNA sequencing *** turn,this may not only facilitate a more appropriate naming scheme for these enigmatic cells,but more importantly,provide a framework for generating microglial expression"fingerprints"that may assist in the development of novel therapies by targeting disease-specific microglial subtypes.

关键词： Microglia neuroinflammation single cell RNA-seq NanoString

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猪饲料生物安全性相关措施综述

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饲料工业 2020年第2期41卷 57-64页

作者： savannah.C.Stewart Cassandra.K.Jones Steve S.Dritz Megan C.Niederwerder Jason C.Woodworth 堪萨斯州立大学农学院动物科学产业系曼哈顿66506 堪萨斯州立大学兽医学院诊断及病理医学系曼哈顿66506-0210

全球大部分养殖场都已经采用生物安全措施,以最大程度减少疾病传播过程中的病原携带者,保护猪群健康。通常认为饲料及饲料原料不会携带大量病原,但是近年来的一些意外事件表明它们可以携带并传播疾病,如猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)。因此,... 详细信息

全球大部分养殖场都已经采用生物安全措施,以最大程度减少疾病传播过程中的病原携带者,保护猪群健康。通常认为饲料及饲料原料不会携带大量病原,但是近年来的一些意外事件表明它们可以携带并传播疾病,如猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)。因此,越来越多的强调去了解饲料和饲料原料在疾病传播过程中起的作用。本文旨在综述猪饲料作为病原携带者的潜在风险,并列举了一些已经被证明可以维持猪群健康的生物安全措施。猪饲料和原料具有引发疾病的能力是综合的,包括使病原菌存活并维持病原菌在最小感染剂量以上。近期的研究表明,许多病毒(如猪流行性腹泻病毒、非洲猪瘟病毒和A型塞内卡病毒)都可以在豆粕、赖氨酸和全价料的跨境运输中存活下来。此外,PEDV在组织半数感染量感染超过5.6×101或者实时定量PCR循环阈值(qRT-PCR)为37.1时可存活下来。所有这些数据表明,存活力和传染性都可能通过饲料和饲料原料基质而保存下来。近年的研究主要集中于为防止饲料中病原菌感染猪群而采取的相关措施,包括防止病原菌进入饲料系统、热处理减轻病原菌危害、化学添加剂净化病原菌。而且,设计对策以了解病原菌在饲料生产环境中的传播,包括潜在的批次与批次之间的移动,从而能够降低传播给猪群的风险。一些饲料生物安全风险清除措施,如中链脂肪酸不仅有机会降低或清除病毒和细菌的风险,同时还能改善猪的生长性能。总之,最近几年对于饲料生物安全的关注是合理的,但是还需要进一步的研究,以充分了解饲料的风险,确定维持饲料生物安全的经济有效的措施,从而更好的保护猪群健康。

关键词：生物安全饲料病原菌猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV) 病毒猪

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Hormonal Regulation and Tumorigenic Role of DNA Methyltransferase

Hormonal Regulation and Tumorigenic Role of DNA Methyltransf...

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2011中国妇产科学术会议暨浙江省计划生育与生殖医学学...

作者： Shi-Wen Jiang,M.D. Professor GCC Distinguished Cancer Scholar Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Mayo Clinic Rochester,Minnesota Department of Biomedical Science Mercer University School of Medicine,savannah Georgia

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多种族民族个体的积极心理调适:种族歧视、社会支持和希望的预测作用

多种族民族个体的积极心理调适:种族歧视、社会支持和希望的预测...

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第二十一届全国心理学学术会议

作者：方圆程凯琳 Mingqi Li Olivia D.Chang Abigael G.Lucas Jerin Lee K.Malulani Castro savannah Pham Yena S.Purmasir Grace Y.Cho Jameson K.Hirsch Elizabeth L.Jeglic Edward C.Chang 北京师范大学心理学部 Department of Psychology University of Michigan Department of Psychology DePaul University Department of Psychology University of Maryland Department of Psychology Stanford University NYU Langone Medical Center Department of Psychology Harvard University Department of Psychology Southern Methodist University John Jay College of Criminal Justice

希望(hope)是积极心理调适(positive psychological adjustment)的有力预测因子,希望具有希望效能(hope agency)和希望路径(hope pathways)两种结构。前人研究显示,两种希望结构对积极心理调适具有不同的效果。本研究关注希望对多种族民... 详细信息

希望(hope)是积极心理调适(positive psychological adjustment)的有力预测因子,希望具有希望效能(hope agency)和希望路径(hope pathways)两种结构。前人研究显示,两种希望结构对积极心理调适具有不同的效果。本研究关注希望对多种族民族(multiethnoracial)个体积极心理调适的预测效果。多种族民族个体因为多重文化身份而经历着种族歧视(ethnoracial discrimination)和社会孤独,从而面临着更多的积极心理调适问题。研究通过对203个(女:164)多种族民族身份美国大学生进行量表研究,探讨希望对于积极心理调适的预测作用,并检验在控制了种族歧视和社会支持(social support)后,希望是否仍可以单独预测积极心理调适,且两种希望结构是否起到不同的效果。使用一般性种族歧视量表(GEDS)测量种族歧视,社会网络量表(SNL)中的两个问题测量社会支持(家人&朋友),希望量表(HS)测量希望的两个结构(希望效能&希望路径),主观活力量表(SVS)和生活满意度量表(SWLS)测量活力和生活满意度。结果显示,希望效能和希望路径与活力和生活满意度呈现显著正相关。层次回归结果显示:a.种族歧视单独负向预测生活满意度,无法预测活力;b.社会支持单独正向预测活力和生活满意度;c.控制了社会人口学变量、种族歧视和社会支持后,希望仍能单独正向预测活力和生活满意度;d.希望效能是活力的有力正向预测因子,而希望路径则更能有力正向预测生活满意度。本研究是首个强调希望对于多种族民族个体的重要作用的研究,结果可为对多种族民族个体进行积极心理调适的干预提供经验,即与消除种族歧视和增加社会支持相比,建立希望对多种族民族个体来说是更为现实易行的方法。

关键词：种族歧视社会支持希望心理调适多种族民族个体

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CDC专题会诊：预防青少年暴力

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上海预防医学 2017年第10期29卷 819-821页

作者： Corinne David-Ferdon Thomas R.Simon Howard Spivak Deborah Gorman-Smith Sheila B.savannah Robert L.Listenbee John Iskander 苏慧佳(译) 陆仁敏(审校) Division of Violence Prevention National Center for Injury Prevention and ControlCDC National Institute of Justice US Department of Justice University of Chicago Houston Department of Health and Human Services Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention US Department of Justice Office of the Director CDC 不详

青少年暴力是指发生在10-24岁人群中的,故意以个人体力或能力威胁、伤害他人的事件,这些参与其中的年轻人或是受害者,或是侵犯者,或是目击者。典型的青少年暴力表现为年轻人伤害其他年轻人,且表现形式多有不同。可以举出的例子有：打架... 详细信息

青少年暴力是指发生在10-24岁人群中的,故意以个人体力或能力威胁、伤害他人的事件,这些参与其中的年轻人或是受害者,或是侵犯者,或是目击者。典型的青少年暴力表现为年轻人伤害其他年轻人,且表现形式多有不同。可以举出的例子有：打架、欺凌、武器威胁,以及帮派有关的暴力。不同形式的青少年暴力导致的伤害形式也有不同,包括身体的伤害,例如伤残或死亡;

关键词：青少年暴力 CDC 伤害他人预防会诊专题受害者

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