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Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori : What should be the gold standard?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 12847-12859页

作者： saurabh kumar patel Chandra Bhan Pratap Ashok kumar Jain Anil kumar Gulati Gopal Nath Department of Microbiology Institut of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi U221005 India Department of Gastroenterology Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi UP221005 India Department of Microbiology Institutof Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi U221005 India

Since the discovery of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in 1983, numerous detection methods for the presence of the bacterium have been developed. Each one of them has been associated with advantages and disadvantages. Noninvasive tests such as serology, 13C urea breath test (UBT) and stool antigen tests are usually preferred by the clinicians. Serology has its own limitation especially in endemic areas while 13C UBT is technically very demanding. The stool antigen detection method, although specific, is usually associated with poor sensitivity. The 13C UBT is believed to be specific, but with present revelation of the fact that stomach is colonized by many other urease producing bacteria makes it questionable. Histology, culture, rapid urease test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are the tests which are carried out on antral biopsies collected by invasive means. Histology has been proposed to be very sensitive and specific but the question is how by simply looking the morphology of the bacteria in the microscope, one can claim that the curved bacterium is exclusively H. pylori. Rapid urease test (RUT), the doctor’s test, is also challenged because the presence of other urease producing bacteria in the stomach cannot be denied. Moreover, RUT has been reported with poor sensitivity specially, when density of the bacterium is low. Isolation of H. pylori is essential to investigate its growth requirements, antibiotic susceptibility testing, studying virulence factor to develop vaccine and many more explorations. It has also got several disadvantages i.e., special condition for transporting, media, incubation and few days waiting for the colonies to appear, apart from the speed essentially needed to process the specimens. Till date, majority of the microbiological laboratories in the world are not equipped and trained to isolate such fastidious bacterium. The option left is PCR methods to detect H. pylori’s DNA in gastr

关键词： Helicobacter pylori review Invasive tests Non-invasive tests Gold standard Polymerase chain reaction detection Nested polymerase chain reaction

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Pseudomonas fluorescens-like bacteria from the stomach:A microbiological and molecular study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第7期19卷 1056-1067页

作者： saurabh kumar patel Chandra Bhan Pratap Ajay kumar Verma Ashok kumar Jain Vinod kumar Dixit Gopal Nath Department of Microbiology Institute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi UP 221005India Department of Gastroenterology Institute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi UP 221005India

AIM:To characterize oxidase-and urease-producing bacterial isolates,grown aerobically,that originated from antral biopsies of patients suffering from acid peptic ***:A total of 258 antral biopsy specimens were subjected to isolation of bacteria followed by tests for oxidase and urease production,acid tolerance and aerobic *** selected isolates were further characterized by molecular techniques *** for 16S rRNA using universal eubacterial and HSP60 gene specific *** amplicons were subjected to restriction analysis and partial sequencing.A phylogenetic tree was generated using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean(UPGMA) from evolutionary distance computed with bootstrap test of *** of acidity tolerance of bacteria isolated from antrum was performed using hydrochloric acid from 10-7 mol/L to 10-1 mol/***:Of the 258 antral biopsy specimens collected from patients,179(69.4%) were positive for urease production by rapid urease test and 31%(80/258) yielded typical Helicobacter pylori(***) after 5-7 d of incubation under a microaerophilic environment.A total of 240(93%) antral biopsies yielded homogeneous semi-translucent and small colonies after overnight *** partial 16S rRNA sequences revealed that the isolates had 99% similarity with Pseudomonas species.A phylogenetic tree on the basis of 16S rRNA sequences denoted that JQ927226 and JQ927227 were likely to be related to Pseudomonas fluorescens(***).On the basis ofHSP60 sequences applied to the UPGMA phylogenetic tree,it was observed that isolated strains in an aerobic environment were likely to be ***,and HSP60 sequences had more discriminatory potential rather than 16S rRNA ***,this bacterium was acid tolerant for hours at low ***,a total of 250(96.9%) genomic DNA samples of 258 biopsy specimens and DNA from 240 bacterial isolates were positive for the 613 bp amplicons by targetin

关键词： Antral biopsy Helicobacter pylori Pseudomonas fluorescens HSP60 Nested polymerase chain reaction Acid-tolerant bacteria

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Varna-based optimization:a novel method for capacitated controller placement problem in SDN

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2020年第3期14卷 87-111页

作者： Ashutosh kumar SINGH saurabh MAURYA Shashank SRIVASTAVA Department of Computer Science&Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology AllahabadAllahabad 211004U.P.India

Recently,software defined networking(SDN)is a promising paradigm shift that decouples the control plane from the data *** can centrally monitor and control the network through softwarization,i.e.,*** controllers are a necessity of current SDN based *** multiple controllers in an optimum way is known as controller placement problem(CPP).Earlier,solutions of CPP only concentrated on propagation latency but overlooked the capacity of controllers and the dynamic load on switches,which is a significant factor in real *** this paper,we develop a novel optimization algorithm named varna-based optimization(VBO)and use it to solve *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first attempt to minimize the total average latency of SDN along with the implementation of TLBO and Jaya algorithms to solve CPP for all twelve possible *** experimental results show that TLBO outperforms PSO,and VBO outperforms TLBO and Jaya algorithms in all scenarios for all topologies.

关键词： SDN controller placement CPP latency VBO

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Easy-to-fabricate high efficiency silicon nanowires solar cell modified by CdTe and zinc tetraphenyl porphyrin nanostructures

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第12期30卷 484-497,I0012页

作者： Debanjan Maity saurabh kumar Pathak Melepurath Deepa Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology HyderabadKandiSangareddyTelangana 502284India

Liquid junction solar cell(LJSC) with vertically silicon nanowires(SiNWs) as the primary photosensitizer,co-sensitized with luminescent and narrow gap CdTe nanoparticles,and cuboidal microstructures of zinc tetraphenyl porphyrin(ZnTPP) dye offers broad and intense visible light absorption that translates into a maximum power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 9.09%,when combined with a polymeric gel of a I_(2)/I^(-)redox couple as the hole transport material and a counter electrode(CE) of poly(3,4-ethyelenedioxythio phene) doped with imide ions(PEDOT-N(CF_(3) SO_(2))_(2)),under 1 sun *** p-type CdTe efficiently scavenges holes from SiNWs and simultaneously allows the passage of photoexcited electrons from ZnTPP to SiNWs via electrical conduction thus imparting an enhanced solar cell *** also supresses back electron transfer effectively,as is inferred from a ~68% enhancement in PCE compared to SiNWs *** of the CE entailed the evaluation of the effect of dopant anion:imide versus dicyanamide in PEDOT,and revealed that the presence of macro-cracks in the polymer surface,a deeper work function,and a lower electrical conductance are the shortcomings of the dicyanamide doped PEDOT and reduce the overall PCE,compared to *** study brings out how by judicious choice of photoanode and CE components,efficient,stable and easy-to-assemble LJSCs can be developed.

关键词： Silicon Nanowires Porphyrin Solar cell Hole transfer

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Pullout of soil nail with circular discs: A three-dimensional finite element analysis

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第5期9卷 967-980页

作者： saurabh Rawat Ashok kumar Gupta Anil kumar Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat Solan 173234 Himachal Pradesh India

An internal failure mode for a soil-nailed system consists of failure at nail heads,slope facing,nail strength,along groutesoil interface and pullout failure.A better understanding of pullout of soil nail thus becomes important to assess the stability of a soil-nailed *** the present study,an investigation into the pullout behaviour of soil nail with circular discs along the shaft has been carried out by a threedimensional finite element analysis using Abaqus/Explicit routine.A total of 67 simulations have been performed to accurately predict the pullout behaviour of soil *** soil nail under study has circular discs along its shaft varying in numbers from 1 to *** pullout of this soil nail in a pullout test box has been simulated with a constant overburden pressure of 20 kPa acting on the *** pullout load edisplacement characteristics,stresses around soil nail and failure mechanism during pullout are *** of dimensionless factors such as normalised pullout load factor and bearing capacity factor have been obtained with different combinations of parameters in terms of relative disc spacing ratio,anchorage length ratio,embedment ratio,diameter ratio and displacement *** the results of analyses,it is found that nail with more circular discs requires higher pullout *** are critical relative disc spacing ratio and diameter ratio which significantly affect the pullout behaviour of nail.

关键词： Pullout behaviour Finite element analysis Soil nail Circular discs Dimensionless factors

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Centralized multi-agent implementation for securing critical loads in PV based microgrid

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2014年第1期2卷 77-86页

作者： A.SUJIL saurabh kumar AGARWAL Rajesh kumar Arya College of Engineering and IT JaipurKukasIndia MNIT JaipurRajasthanIndia

The promotion of recent critical load securing of power system research has been directed towards centralized commands and control *** paper presents a multi-agent based critical load securing in a PV based *** the trustworthy operation of critical buildings,the reliability,efficiency and security of the power system should be *** present,to increase the security and reliability of electricity supply there is a need to design a distributed and autonomous subset of a larger grid or a *** work also clearly discusses the modelling and simulation of specialized microgrid called an Intelligent Distributed Autonomous Power Systems(IDAPS).The IDAPS microgrid plays a crucial role in constructing power grid that facilitate use of renewable energy *** microgrid comprising of solar photovoltaic as distributed energy resources,different loads and their control algorithms,has been *** case studies have been simulated to evaluate the operation of the IDAPS microgrid during parallel,islanded mode operation and securing critical loads during emergency.

关键词： Microgrid Multi-agent system(MAS) Critical load securing Distributed energy resources

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Numerical modelling of pullout of helical soil nail

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第4期9卷 648-658页

作者： saurabh Rawat Ashok kumar Gupta Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat Solan 173234 India

An investigation into the pullout response of helical soil nail using finite element subroutine Plaxis 2D is *** numerical modelling of actual pullout response is achieved by axisymmetric and horizontal loading *** effect of varying number of helical plates,helical plate spacing and helical plate diameter is studied to understand the pullout capacity *** failure surfaces for various helical soil nail configurations and their pullout mechanisms are also analysed and *** pullout capacity is found to increase with increase in number of helical *** helical plate spacing ratio（s/D;） and diameter ratio（D;/D;） are found to increase the pullout only up to a critical *** response of helical soil nail using axisymmetric finite element simulation is found similar to the uplift behaviour of helical piles and helical soil *** the absence of literature regarding numerical modelling of helical soil nail,simulation results are validated with uplift responses of helical piles and soil anchors.A good agreement in their comparative study for pullout response is also observed.

关键词： Finite element Helical soil nail Pullout response Plate spacing Plate diameter Failure mechanism

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Comparative study of leakage power in CNTFET over MOSFET device

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Journal of Semiconductors 2014年第11期35卷 40-45页

作者： Sanjeet kumar Sinha saurabh Chaudhury Department of Electrical Engineering NIT SilcharAssam-788010India

A comparison of the CNTFET device with the MOSFET device in the nanometer regime is reported. The characteristics of both devices are observed as varying the oxide thickness. Thereafter, we have analyzed the effect of the chiral vector and the temperature on the threshold voltage of the CNTFET device. After simulation on the HSPICE tool, we observed that the high threshold voltage can be achieved at a low chiral vector pair. It is also observed that the effect of temperature on the threshold voltage of the CNTFET is negligibly small. After that, we have analyzed the channel length variation and their impact on the threshold voltage of the CNTFET as well as MOSFET devices. We found an anomalous effect from our simulation result that the threshold voltage increases with decreasing the channel length in CNTFET devices; this is contrary to the well known short channel effect. It is observed that at below the 10 nm channel length, the threshold voltage is increased rapidly in the case of the CNTFET device, whereas in the case of the MOSFET device, the threshold voltage decreases drastically.

关键词： MOSFET CNTFET temperature oxide thickness threshold voltage channel length

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Sustainable remediation of failed slope using helical soil nails

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第6期20卷 1742-1758页

作者： saurabh RAWAT Ashok kumar GUPTA Pankaj SHARMA Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Information Technology Department of Civil Engineering Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and TechnologyChitkara University

The performance of a helical soil nailed structure is dependent on the installation torque required and the consequent pullout resistance *** present research work aims at proposing theoretical models to estimate the required torque during installation of helical soil ***,theoretical models are also developed to predict the pullout capacity of single and group of the helical nail for uniform and staggered *** proposed model predicts the pure-elastic and elastic-plastic pullout behavior of different helical *** equation for estimating the capacity-totorque Ratio(Kt)has also been developed for different nail shaft *** results from the proposed models are validated with experimental results obtained from model testing of both single and group of helical *** predicted results are also compared for validation with the published *** results for installation torque and pullout load depict that the developed models predict values which are in accordance with the experimental results and are also found in good agreement with the published ***,the proposed models can effectively be used by the filed engineers for estimating the required installation torque and corresponding pullout capacities for single or double plate helical soil nails in cohesionless soil under surcharge pressure range of 0–50k Pa.

关键词： Theoretical torque Pullout force Pure elastic Elastic plastic Capacity to torque ratio

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EPASAD:ellipsoid decision boundary based Process-Aware Stealthy Attack Detector

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Cybersecurity 2024年第3期7卷 32-48页

作者： Vikas Maurya Rachit Agarwal saurabh kumar Sandeep Shukla Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurkanpurIndia Merkle Science BangaloreIndia

Due to the importance of Critical Infrastructure(Cl)in a nation's economy,they have been lucrative targets for cyber *** critical infrastructures are usually Cyber-Physical Systems such as power grids,water,and sewage treatment facilities,oil and gas pipelines,*** recent times,these systems have suffered from cyber attacks numer-ous *** have been developing cyber security solutions for Cls to avoid lasting *** to standard frameworks,cyber security based on identification,protection,detection,response,and recovery are at the core of these *** of an ongoing attack that escapes standard protection such as firewall,anti-virus,and host/network intrusion detection has gained importance as such attacks eventually affect the physical dynamics of the ***,anomaly detection in physical dynamics proves an effective means to implement *** is one example of anomaly detection in the sensor/actuator data,representing such systems physical *** present EPASAD,which improves the detection technique used in PASAD to detect these micro-stealthy attacks,as our experiments show that PASAD's spherical boundary-based detection fails to *** method EPASAD overcomes this by using Ellipsoid boundaries,thereby tightening the boundaries in various dimen-sions,whereas a spherical boundary treats all dimensions *** validate EPASAD using the dataset produced by the TE-process simulator and the C-town *** results show that EPASAD improves PASAD's average recall by 5.8%and 9.5%for the two datasets,respectively.

关键词： Intrusion detection system Critical infrastructure security Industrial control system Machine learning

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