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Insight into the liver dysfunction in COVID-19 patients: Molecular mechanisms and possible therapeutic strategies

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第14期29卷 2064-2077页

作者： Naina Khullar Jasvinder singh Bhatti satwinder singh Bhawana Thukral P Hemachandra Reddy Gurjit Kaur Bhatti Department of Zoology Mata Gujri CollegeFatehgarh Sahib 140407PunjabIndia Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics Department of Human Genetics and Molecular MedicineSchool of Health SciencesCentral University of PunjabBathinda 151401PunjabIndia Department of Computer Science and Technology Central University of PunjabBathinda 151401PunjabIndia Department of Nutrition and Dietetics University Institute of Applied Health SciencesChandigarh UniversityMohali 140413PunjabIndia Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTX 79430United States Department of Medical Lab Technology University Institute of Applied Health SciencesChandigarh UniversityMohali 140413PunjabIndia

As of June 2022,more than 530 million people worldwide have become ill with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Although COVID-19 is most commonly associated with respiratory distress(severe acute respiratory syndrome),metaanalysis have indicated that liver dysfunction also occurs in patients with severe *** studies revealed distinctive patterning in the receptors on the hepatic cells that helps in viral invasion through the expression of angiotensinconverting enzyme *** has also been reported that in some patients with COVID-19,therapeutic strategies,including repurposed drugs(mitifovir,lopinavir/ritonavir,tocilizumab,etc.)triggered liver injury and cholestatic *** proven indicators support cytokine storm-induced hepatic *** there are 1.5 billion patients with chronic liver disease worldwide,it becomes imperative to critically evaluate the molecular mechanisms concerning hepatotropism of COVID-19 and identify new potential *** review also designated a comprehensive outlook of comorbidities and the impact of lifestyle and genetics in managing patients with COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 Liver damage Pharmacotherapy Cytokine storm Molecular mechanisms

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A Cloud Computing Security Assessment Framework for Small and Medium Enterprises

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Journal of Information Security 2020年第4期11卷 201-224页

作者： satwinder singh Rupra Amos Omamo Kabarak University Nakuru Kenya

Cloud computing plays a very important role in the development of business and competitive edge for many organisations including SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises). Every cloud user continues to expect maximum service, and a critical aspect to this is cloud security which is one among other specific challenges hindering adoption of the cloud technologies. The absence of appropriate, standardised and self-assessing security frameworks of the cloud world for SMEs becomes an endless problem in developing countries and can expose the cloud computing model to major security risks which threaten its potential success within the country. This research presents a security framework for assessing security in the cloud environment based on the Goal Question Metrics methodology. The developed framework produces a security index that describes the security level accomplished by an evaluated cloud computing environment thereby providing the first line of defence. This research has concluded with an eight-step framework that could be employed by SMEs to assess the information security in the cloud. The most important feature of the developed security framework is to devise a mechanism through which SMEs can have a path of improvement along with understanding of the current security level and defining desired state in terms of security metric value.

关键词： Cloud Computing Framework SME Security Standards

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Common Fixed Point Theorem in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Metric Space Using <i>R</i>-Weakly Commuting Mappings

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第3期3卷 225-230页

作者： Saurabh Manro satwinder singh Bhatia Sanjay Kumar Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology Murthal India School of Mathematics and Computer Applications Thapar University Patiala India

In this paper, we prove a common fixed point theorem in Intuitionistic fuzzy metric space by using pointwise R-weak commutativity and reciprocal continuity of mappings satisfying contractive conditions.

关键词： Intuitionistic Fuzzy Metric Space Reciprocal Continuity R-Weakly Commuting Mappings Common Fixed Point Theorem

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Differential Sensitivity of Macrocarpa and Microcarpa Types of Chickpea （Cicer arietinum L.） to Water Stress： Association of Contrasting Stress Response with Oxidative Injury

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第11期48卷 1318-1329页

作者： Harsh Nayyar Smita singh satwinder Kaur Sanjeev Kumar Hari D. Upadhyaya Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India Department of Plant Biology University of New Hampshire Durham New Hampshire 03824 USA International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics Hyderabad India）

Chickpea （Cicer arietinum L.） Is particularly sensitive to water stress at Its reproductive phase and, under conditions of water stress, will abort flowers and pods, thus reducing yield potential. There are two types of chickpea：（i） Macrocarpa （＂Kabull＂）, which has large, rams head-shaped, light brown seeds; and （11） Microcarpa （＂Desl＂）, which has small, angular and dark-brown seeds. Relatively speaking, ＂Kabull＂ has been reported to be more sensitive to water stress than ＂Desl＂. The underlying mechanisms associated with contrasting sensitivity to water stress at the metabolic level are not well understood. We hypothesized that one of the reasons for contrasting water stress sensitivity In the two types of chickpea may be a variation in oxidative injury. In the present study, plants of both types were water stressed at the reproductive stage for 14 d. As a result of the stress, the ＂Kabull＂ type exhibited an 80% reduction in seed yield over control compared with a 64% reduction observed for the ＂Desi＂ type. The decrease in leaf water potential （ψw） was faster In the ＂Kabull＂ compared with the ＂Desl＂ type. At the end of the water stress period, ψw was reduced to -2.9 and -3.1 MPa In the ＂Desi＂ and ＂Kabuli＂ types, respectively, without any significant difference between them. On the last day of stress, ＂Kabuli＂ experienced 20% more membrane injury than ＂Desi＂. The chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate were significantly greater in ＂Desi＂ compared with ＂Kabuli＂. The malondialdehyde and H202 content were markedly higher at the end of the water stress In ＂Kabull＂ compared with ＂Desl＂, Indicating greater oxidative stress In the former. Levels of anti-oxidants, such as ascorblc acid and glutathlone, were significantly higher In ＂Desl＂ than ＂Kabull＂. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activity did not differ significantly between the two types of chickpea, whereas on the 10th day, the activities of ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione redu

关键词： "Desi" "Kabuli" anti-oxidants chickpea drought oxidative stress.

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