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Medical use and misuse of psychoactive prescription medications among US youth and young adults

Family Medicine and Community Health 2021年第1期9卷 1-17页

作者： Israel Agaku satomi odani Jantel Nelson Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology Harvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Social Medicine University of CreteRethimnoCreteGreece Great Life Counseling Center AddisonTexasUSA

Objective To investigate prevalence and correlates of medical use and misuse of psychoactive prescription medications among US youth and young *** Cross-sectional,self-reported surveys from the 2015-2018 National Survey of Drug Use and *** was probabilistic and nationally *** The target population included individuals from households,non-institutional group quarters(eg,college dormitories)and civilians living on military *** were completed using computer-assisted self-interview *** Our analytical sample included youth and young adults aged 12-25 years(n=110556).Psychoactive prescription medication misuse was a report by the respondent that they had used psychoactive prescription medications in the past year in any way not directed or prescribed for *** use was defined as past-year use without a report of *** certain variables were assessed only among adults,our multivariable analysis to identify correlates of misuse was restricted to young adults aged 18-25 years(n=55690).Results Among US youth aged 12-17 years,25.0%reported use of any psychoactive prescription medication assessed,and 5.7%reported past-year use of at least two psychoactive prescription *** youth who used any psychoactive prescription medications,20.9%(1.3 million)reported misuse;3.4%were classified as having substance use ***-year use of each psychoactive prescription medication was:opioids(19.0%),stimulants(7.2%),tranquillisers(4.3%)and sedatives(2.2%).Among users of each psychoactive prescription medication,the estimated percentage reporting misuse was as follows:opioids(17.6%,0.8 million),stimulants(24.2%,0.4 million),tranquillisers(40.1%,0.4 million)and sedatives(14.2%,80000).Among users of each psychoactive prescription medication,the estimated percentage having substance use disorder was as follows:opioids 2.6%,stimulants 3.0%,tranquillisers 7.0%and sedatives 3.6%.Analyses amo

关键词： bases prescribed sectional

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Depression,periodontitis,caries and missing teeth in the USA,NHANES 2009-2014

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2020年第4期8卷 76-83页

作者： Muath Aldosari Mohammad Helmi Erinne N Kennedy Riddhi Badamia satomi odani Israel Agaku Constantine Vardavas Periodontics and Community Dentistry King Saud University College of DentistryRiyadhSaudi Arabia Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology Harvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA Kansas City University College of Dental Medicine JoplinMissouriUSA School of Medicine University of CreteHeraklionCreteGreece Office on Smoking and Health National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health PromotionCenters for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the association between self-reported depressive symptoms and oral diseases in US adults,including periodontitis,caries,missing teeth and untreated dental *** This study was designed as a secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional *** conducted descriptive,multivariable logistic and Poisson regression analyses on weighted *** US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2014 *** Individuals aged≥30 years who completed a periodontal examination and depression screening(n=9799).Results 21.6%(28.9 million)of adults aged≥30 years reported depressive symptoms,with a higher prevalence among females,current smokers and participants with lower income and education *** than half of the adults with moderate depressive symptoms had periodontal diseases,and more than one-third had teeth with untreated dental *** adjusting for sociodemographics,behavioural factors,having diabetes and psychotherapeutic medication use,depressive symptoms were associated with poorer oral *** depressive symptoms were associated with higher odds of mild periodontitis(2.20;99%CI 1.03 to 4.66).For those with mild depressive symptoms,the mean number of missing teeth was 1.20(99%CI 1.06 to 1.37)times the average of non-symptomatic individuals;and 1.38 times(99%CI 1.15 to 1.66)among individuals with moderate depressive *** Depressive symptoms were associated with mild periodontitis and a greater number of missing teeth,while having teeth with untreated dental caries was attributed to sociodemographic *** of oral health status among patients with depressive symptoms can inform both dental and mental health providers to develop tailored treatment and help patients achieve overall wellness.

关键词： teeth smoke missing

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人参皂甙的吸收、分布、排泄和代谢的研究Ⅰ——大鼠体内人参皂甙Rgl的定量分析

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特产研究 1983年第4期 62-64页

作者： YOSHIO TAKINO TSUTOMU odani HISAYUKI TANIZAWA TERUAKI HAYASHI 常兆生

有关人参皂甙药理学和化学研究的报告很多,但对人参皂甙在动物体内的吸收、分布、排泄和代谢所知尚少。本文报道以大鼠做生物样品,采用薄层扫描法测定人参皂甙Rgl的定量方法。实验实验选用雄性大鼠Sprague—Dawley(JCL:SD,SPF),体重180... 详细信息

有关人参皂甙药理学和化学研究的报告很多,但对人参皂甙在动物体内的吸收、分布、排泄和代谢所知尚少。本文报道以大鼠做生物样品,采用薄层扫描法测定人参皂甙Rgl的定量方法。实验实验选用雄性大鼠Sprague—Dawley(JCL:SD,SPF),体重180～200g。实验前18小时禁食,不限制饮水。人参皂甙Rgl,系通过高效液相层析从红参中分离得到。

关键词：人参皂甙生物样品大鼠 Rgl 定量分析

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Sorafenib after Arterial Chemoembolization in Child-Pugh A and B Cirrhotic Patients with Intermediate Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Analysis

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2015年第3期6卷 286-292页

作者： Fernando Gomes Romeiro Luciana Yumi odani Sigahi Matheus Alvarez Fabio da Silva Yamashiro Fábio Cardoso de Carvalho Leonardo Pelafsky Talles Bazeia Lima Letícia de Campos Franzoni José Ricardo de Arruda Miranda Giovanni Faria Silva Gastroenterology Division Department of Internal Medicine Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu UNESP—Univ Estadual Paulista Sao Paulo Brazil Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu UNESP—Univ Estadual Paulista Sao Paulo Brazil Department of Physics and Biophysics Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu UNESP—Univ Estadual Paulista Sao Paulo Brazil Gastroenterology Division Department of Surgery and Orthopedics Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu UNESP—Univ Estadual Paulista Sao Paulo Brazil

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of mortality among cirrhotic patients, and current guidelines recommend single-treatment modalities according to patient and liver disease classifications. New studies have shown promising results from combining locoregional and systemic treatments, but most of them were limited to Child-Pugh A patients due to toxicity concerns. Aim: The objective of this study was to analyze survival rates of Child-Pugh A and B patients with intermediate HCC tumors treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) followed by full-dose sorafenib usage. Material and methods: a retrospective analysis of 37 cirrhotic patients (Child-Pugh A and B rates = 23/14) treated with TACE and TACE followed by sorafenib usage (17 and 20 patients, respectively). Results: The mean survival was 379 days in the combined treatment group and 151 days in the single-treatment group (p = 0.007). There were no differences in survival according to the Child-Pugh classification. Conclusions: sorafenib after TACE can be an option for selected cirrhotic patients with intermediate HCC tumors if this combined approach is cautiously performed on an individualized schedule. Our results suggest that the Child-Pugh classification should not be a limitation to this combined treatment.

关键词： Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cirrhosis Arterial Chemoembolization Sorafenib

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