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Potential aspect of rice husk biomass in Australia for nanocrystalline cellulose production

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第3期26卷 465-476页

作者： Md.Sakinul Islam nhol Kao sati n.bhattacharya Rahul Gupta Hyoung Jin Choi Department of Chemical Engineering School of Engineering RMIT University Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Inha University

nanocrystalline cellulose(nCC) was produced from rice husk biomass(Oryza sativa) by a chemical extraction process to explore the potential aspect of agro-waste biomass in Australia. In this work, the delignified rice husk pulp(D-RHP) was produced by alkaline delignification of raw rice husk biomass(R-RHB) using 4 mol·L^(-1) alkali solutions(na OH) in a jacketed glass reactor under specific experimental conditions. D-RHP was bleached using 15% sodium hypochlorite, and the bleached rice husk pulp was coded as B-RHP. Finally,raw suspension of nCC was produced by the acid hydrolysis of B-RHP using 4 mol·L^(-1) sulphuric acid. The raw suspension of nCC was neutralized by a buffer solution and analyzed by TAPPI, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, AFM, and TEM. FT-IR spectra of nCC are different to R-RHB but similar with B-RHP and D-RHP. From XRD results, the crystallinity of nCC was found to be approximately 65%. In AFM analysis particle thicknesses have been confirmed to be in the range of(25 ± 15.14) nm or(27 ± 15.14) nm which is almost the same. From TEM analysis particle dimensions have been confirmed to be in the range of(50 ± 29.38) nm width and(550 ± 302.75) nm length with the aspect ratio ~ 11:1(length/diameter) at a 500 nm scale bar. On the other hand, at a 200 nm scale bar the particle dimensions have been confirmed to be in the range of(35 ± 17) nm width and(275 ± 151.38)nm length with the aspect ratio ~ 8:1. The aspect ratio of individual crystalline domain was determined in TEM analysis which is 10:1(100/10). Therefore the aspect ratios and dimensions of nanoparticles in nCC suspension are almost the same and in nano-meter scale, as confirmed from both AFM and TEM results. The yield of nCC from B-RHP was found to be approximately 95%, and the recovery of cellulose from R-RHB is about 90%.

关键词：生物资源澳大利亚白米饭纤维素外壳生产粒子尺寸 TEM

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Influence of graphene nanoplatelet incorporation and dispersion state on thermal, mechanical and electrical properties of biodegradable matrices

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第6期34卷 1026-1034页

作者： Sima Kashi Rahul K.Gupta nhol Kao S.Ali Hadigheh sati n.bhattacharya Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin University Rheology and Materials Processing Group School of Engineering RMIT University School of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering and IT The University of Sydney

Graphene nanoplatelets （GnPs） were used as multifunctional nanofiller to enhance thermal and mechanical properties as well as electrical conductivity of two different biodegradable thermoplastics： poly lactide （PLA） and poly （butylene adipate-co-terephthalate）（PBAT）. Morphological investigations showed different levels of GnP dispersion in the two matrices, and consequently physical properties of the two systems exhibited dissimilar behaviours with GnP incorporation. Crystallinity of PLA, determined from differential scanning calorimetry, was observed to increase markedly with addition of GnPs in contrast to the decrease in crystallinity of PBAT. Isothermal and non-isothermal thermogravimetric analyses also revealed a more significant delay in thermal decomposition of PLA upon addition of GnPs compared to that of PBAT. Furthermore, results showed that increasing GnP content of PLA and PBAT nanocomposites influenced their Young＇s modulus and electrical conductivity in different ways. Modulus of PBAT increased continuously with increasing GnP loading while that of PLA reached a maximum at 9wt% GnPs and then decreased. Moreover, despite the higher conductivity of pure PBAT compared to pure PLA, conductivity of PLA/GnP nanocomposites overtook that of PBATIGnP nanocomposites above a certain GnP concentration. This demonstrated the determining effect of nanoplatelets dispersion state on the matrices properties.

关键词： Graphene nanocomposite Poly lactide Poly butylene adipate-co-terephthalate Thermal stability Electrical conductivity Properties

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Tailoring of structural,optical and electrical properties of anatase TiO_(2)via doping of cobalt and nitrogen ions

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第16期111卷 287-297页

作者： Anchal Sharma Puneet negi Ruhit Jyoti Konwar Hemaunt Kumar Yogita Verma Shailja Prakash Chandra sati Bhargav Rajyaguru Himanshu Dadhich n.A.Shah P.S.Solanki Department of Physics Eternal UniversityBaru SahibHimachal Pradesh173101India Centre of Excellence in Energy Science and Technology Shoolini UniversitySolanHimachal Pradesh173229India Department of Applied Science and Humanities Rajkiya Engineering CollegeBijnorUttar Pradesh246725India Department of Physics Rajiv Gandhi Government Post Graduate CollegeMandsaurMadhya Pradesh458001India Department of Physics Saurashtra UniversityRajkot360005India

Pure(pristine)anatase and mono–doped and co–doped derivatives of TiO_(2)having nitrogen(n)and cobalt(Co)as dopants with respective fixed doping concentrations of 0.7 mol.%and 1.0 mol.%were synthesized using auto–combustion sol–gel *** doping effects at corresponding non–metal and transition metal sites of TiO_(2)on the basis of the structural,optical and electrical properties have been investigated.X–ray diffraction(XRD)measurement confirms the formation of pure anatase phase of TiO_(2)for all samples having I41/amd space group of tetragonal structure which has been also verified by the Raman spectroscopy *** crystallographic parameters have been calculated by performing Rietveld refinement of XRD data including average crystallite size that has been observed in the range of10–15 *** anatase phase indicates the incorporation of Co^(2+)into TiO_(2)lattice which assists the substitution of n in place of oxygen in co–doped TiO_(2).The band gap tuning towards the visible region from3.2 to 2.1 e V has been achieved with mono–doping and co–doping of the n and Co in TiO_(2)*** can be described in terms of the formation of localized levels of n–2p and Co–3d states in mono–doping and an isolated intermediate band formation in co–doping *** properties have been investigated in details and explained as the synergetic effects of structural and inherent ionic characters of various *** observed band gaps of all doped samples lie within the visible region which makes them pertinent as the solar energy harnessing materials for photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications.

关键词： TiO_(2) Sol–Gel X–ray diffraction Electrical properties Optical properties

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Vertical Zonation of Horticultural Farming in the Alaknanda Basin of Garhwal Himalaya, India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2005年第4期2卷 319-328页

作者： Vishwambhar Prasad sati Department of Geography Eritrea Institute of Technology P.O. Box 11370Asmara Eritrea N. E. Africa

Horticultural practice in the Himalayas has great importance not only for economic development but also for environmental restoration. In the entire Himalayan mountain system, from Jammu and Kashmir Himalaya to Assam Himalaya, the practice of horticulture is centuries old, which includes varieties of fruits along with availability of high quality and quantity. In terms of the Alaknanda Basin, which is centrally located in the Himalayan system, the practice of horticulture does not get commercial level; only it is cultivated domestically. The climatic conditions ranging from sub-tropical (low-lying river valleys) to alpine and frigid (highly elevated regions) are suited for varieties of fruit cultivation, yet the benefit of this could not be utilized by the residents who are working in the agricultural fields. Besides, less proportion of land is devoted for fruit cultivation along with domestic production of fruits. The varieties of fruit cultivated in the basin range from mango-guava-papaya, stone-net, citrus to apple at the different elevations. Along with the cultivated fruits, varieties of wild fruits are also found in the jungle. There are four climatic zones suitable for the production of various fruits as below:? Sub-tropical zone including the lower part of the Alaknanda, Pindar, nandakini, and Mandakini rivers is suitable for mango, guava, and papaya; ? Sub-temperate zone in the middle basin of the Alaknanda, Pindar, nandakini and Mandakini rivers is a good place for citrus fruits, particularly orange and lemon; ? Temperate zone occupying the Dauli, Vishnu Ganga, Upper Pinder, nandakini and Mandakini rivers is highly productive for apple, nut and stone fruits; ? Alpine meadows in the highly elevated region are known as Bugyal famous for herb culture. Each of these zones has distinct physical features, environmental conditions and socio-economic identity for fruit cultivation. The present paper aims to discuss about the vertical zonation of the horticultural

关键词：印度园艺农业成带现象盆地水果生产自然资源

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Geochemical Exploration of Sediments in the Toumodi Region: Origin of Metasediments, Geological Dynamics, and Perspectives for Regional Geological History

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Open Journal of Geology 2023年第12期13卷 1255-1270页

作者： n’dri Eudes sati Tegan Alain nicaise Kouamelan Alphonse Kouakou Yao Ouattara Gbele Ziandjêdé Hervé Siagne Koffi Aléxis n’Dri Department of Civil Engineering Geosciences and Geographic Sciences INP-HB Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Geology Mineral and Energy Resources/Training and Research Unit in Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast

The region of Toumodi, located in the heart of the West African Craton, is renowned for its geological complexity. This geochemical study delves into the origin of siliciclastic sediments and the geodynamic context of their formation. The study reveals that Toumodi’s sediments exhibit an intriguing mineralogical composition, with indications of a dual source of parent rocks, one rich in quartz and the other poor in quartz. Furthermore, geochemical analysis highlights a variation in sediment maturity from west to east, indicating the coexistence of distinct geotectonic environments in the region. In the eastern part of the Toumodi region, a passive margin is defined characterized by sediments with an abundance of quartz, while to the west, an active margin is observed with sediments having a lower quartz content. This arrangement suggests the presence of a potential suture zone in the region. This geological complexity underscores the importance of further research to better understand the origin of sediments and the processes that have shaped them. Moreover, this study sheds new light on the fascinating geology of Toumodi, but many questions remain to be explored.

关键词： Toumodi Birimian Siliciclastic Sediments Sediment Maturity

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natural Resource Conditions and Economic Development in the Uttaranchal Himalaya,India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2005年第4期2卷 336-350页

作者： Vishwambhar Prasad sati Department of Geography Eritrea Institute of Technology P.O. Box 11370 Asmara Eritrea N. E. Africa

Uttaranchal is bestowed with numerous rivers, huge forest resources ranging from tropical to temperate, tourists’ places, pilgrimages and feasible climatic conditions for growing fruits, vegetables, food grains, livestock rearing, tea garden practices, etc. The economic development, on the other hand, could not take place partly due to lack of modern technology with innovation in agricultural system and also unwillingness of the people towards using it. Furthermore, due to its harsh climatic conditions, rigorous terrain and distinct identity, as a part of Uttar Pradesh state, the development could not take place and today the state is believed to be one of the poorer states. Infrastructurally, this region is lagged behind due to its inaccessibility. The ideal geographical and agrarian conditions might be used evenly for the developmental processes. Ecologically, the whole region is fragile. The diverse socio-economic activities, harsh traditional beliefs and hard working potentials further change the entire scenario of the state. Only the need of the hours is to frame and implementation of the rational policies and planning for sustainable development of the state. What had appeared during the past, pertaining to the economic development, needs radical changes in policies, planning and beliefs. This paper aims to evaluate the present conditions of resources as a formof natural vegetation, agricultural crops, horticultural farming, herbs, tea garden practices, livestock rearing, hydropower projects and economic development of the Uttaranchal Himalaya.

关键词：印度经济建设自然资源气候条件农业系统社会效益经济效益

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Assessment of Recent Tectonic Activity along the Yamuna Basin, Garhwal Region, nW-Himalaya, India: Based on Morphotectonic Analysis

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Open Journal of Geology 2021年第12期11卷 734-755页

作者： Prerna Gahlaut Ramesh Chandra Patel Ramamoorthy Ayyamperumal Madhusudan sati Dinesh Chandra nainwal Department of Geology H.N.B. Garhwal University Srinagar India Department of Geology Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India MOE Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental System College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou China SDM Government Post Graduate College Affiliated by SDSUV Dehradun India

Decoupling between climate and tectonics, transform the elevation of earth surface regionally by denudation and displacement of land. To extract the tectonic footprints on morphology of landform, geormophometry is widely accepted tool due to visible responses in Drainage architecture to an intense tectonic environment. The present morphology of Yamuna basin in the Garhwal Himalaya, India is a result of continuing crustal deformation;erosion and deposition in the area. The drainage system and geomorphic expression of topography have been significantly influenced by active tectonics in this basin. In present study, for numerical modelling to detect the influence of tectonic signals on landform, we used morphotectonic parameters, to gradient index (SL), valley floor height to width ratio (Vf), asymmetry factor (Af), basin shape index (BS) and hypsometric integral (HI), extracted from SRTM DEM with resolution of 30 m. All these morphotectonic parameters are integrated to produce an index of relative active tectonics (IRAT). The Yamuna basin is classified into three groups based on IRAT, very high (nd low (>2.25) based on the degree of tectonic activity. Result shows approx. 56% of Yamuna basin experience high tectonic activity. This along strike deformation pattern pronouncedly emulates subsurface geometry based tectonic model.

关键词： Active Tectonics Landform Evolution Morphotectonic Parameters Landslide IRAT

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FLAIR~*:一种显示脑白质病变和脑实质内静脉的综合MR对比技术

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国际医学放射学杂志 2013年第1期 80-80页

作者： P.sati I.C.George C.D.Shea M.I.Gaitán D.S.Reich 路丽 Translational neuroradiology Unit Neuroimmunology BranchNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of Health9000 Rockville PikeBuilding 10/5C205BethesdaMD 20892-1584

目的评价一种名为FLAIR*的MRI对比技术,它在一幅影像内同时具有T2FLAIR和T2*对比的优势,可用于评价脑白质疾病(如多发性硬化)。材料与方法此前瞻性研究符合HIPAA原则,并获得单位伦理委员会批准。10例临床确诊为多发性硬化的病人(男8例,... 详细信息

目的评价一种名为FLAIR*的MRI对比技术,它在一幅影像内同时具有T2FLAIR和T2*对比的优势,可用于评价脑白质疾病(如多发性硬化)。材料与方法此前瞻性研究符合HIPAA原则,并获得单位伦理委员会批准。10例临床确诊为多发性硬化的病人(男8例,女2例,平均年龄41岁)签署知情同意书后进行3.0TMRI检查。在注射对比剂后获取T2FLAIR图像和T2*多次激发EPI序列影像,从而得到各向同性体素(0.55mm×0.55mm×0.55mm)的高分辨力FLAIR*影像。对影像质量、病灶和静脉的清晰度进行定量评价。计算正常脑白质与脑脊液、病灶和静脉的对比噪声比(CnR)。采用配对t检验评价受试者在不同成像方式中CnR的差异。结果 3.0TMRI可获得高质量的大脑FLAIR*影像,提高病灶和静脉的清晰度。病灶与正常脑白质、正常脑白质与静脉之间的CnR在FLAIR*序列明显高于T2FLAIR序列(P<0.0001)。FLAIR*影像中的表现包括脑内各部位病灶内的静脉和部分脑白质病灶周围的环状低信号。结论 3.0TMRI获得的各向同性高分辨FLAIR*影像提高了脑白质病变和脑实质内静脉的对比,在临床上能很好地评价脑白质异常与静脉血管的关系。

关键词： FLAIR 病灶脑白质病变静脉 MR 脑实质

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