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Importance of timely and adequate source control in sepsis and septic shock

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 281-286页

作者： jan J.De Waele Department of Intensive Care Medicine Ghent University HospitalGhentBelgium Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent UniversityGhentBelgium

Source control is defined as the physical measures undertaken to eliminate the source of infection and control ongoing contamination, as well as restore anatomy and function at the site of infection. It is a key component of the management of patients with sepsis and septic shock and one of the main determinants of the outcome of infections that require source control. While not all infections may require source control, it should be considered in every patient presenting with sepsis;it is applicable and necessary in numerous infections, not only those occurring in the abdominal cavity. Although the biological rationale is clear, several aspects of source control remain under debate. The timing of source control may impact outcome;early source control is particularly relevant for patients with abdominal infections or necrotizing skin and soft tissue infections, as well as for those with more severe disease. Percutaneous procedures are increasingly used for source control;nevertheless, surgery—tailored to the patient and infection—remains a valid option for source control. For outcome optimization, adequate source control is more important than the strategy used. It should be acknowledged that source control interventions may often fail, posing a challenge in this setting. Thus, an individualized, multidisciplinary approach tailored to the infection and patient is preferable.

关键词： Sepsis Septic shock Source control Drainage Debridement

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs before endoscopic ultrasound guided tissue acquisition to reduce the incidence of post procedural pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 811-816页

作者： Mike de Jong Foke van Delft Christine Roozen Erwin-jan van Geenen Tanya Bisseling Peter Siersema Marco Bruno Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegen 6525 GANetherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdam 3015 GDNetherlands

Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)with fine needle aspiration or fine needle biopsy is the gold standard for sampling tissue to diagnose pancreatic cancer and auto-immune pancreatitis or to analyze cyst *** most common reported adverse event of fine needle aspiration and/or fine needle biopsy is acute pancreatitis,which is likely induced by the same pathophysiological mechanisms as after en-doscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).According to the current European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are administered prior to ERCP as a scientifically proven treatment to reduce post-ERCP pancreatitis incidence rate.A single suppository of diclofenac or indomethacin prior to EUS guided tissue acquisition(TA)is harm-less in healthy *** it is associated with low costs and,most important,may prevent a dreadsome complication,we strongly recommend the adminis-tration of 100 mg diclofenac rectally prior to *** will explain this recom-mendation in more detail in this review as well as the risk and pathophysiology of post-EUS TA pancreatitis.

关键词： Pancreatitis Endoscopic ultrasound Tissue acquisition Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs Pancreatic cancer

Clinical associations of corneal neuromas with ocular surface diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 140-147页

作者： Charmaine jan Li Toh Chang Liu Isabelle Xin Yu Lee Molly Tzu Yu Lin Louis Tong Yu-Chi Liu Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease Singapore National Eye CentreSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

Corneal neuromas,also termed microneuromas,refer to microscopic,irregula rly-shaped enlargements of terminal subbasal nerve endings at sites of nerve damage or *** formation of corneal neuromas results from damage to corneal nerves,such as following corneal pathology or corneal or intraocular surge ***,denervated areas of sensory nerve fibers become invaded by sprouts of intact sensory nerve fibers,and later injured axons regenerate and new sprouts called neuromas *** recent years,analysis of corneal nerve abnormalities including corneal neuromas which can be identified using in vivo confocal microscopy,a non-invasive imaging technique with microscopic resolution,has been used to evaluate corneal neuropathy and ocular surface *** neuromas have been shown to be associated with clinical symptoms of discomfort and dryness of eyes,and are a promising surrogate biomarker for ocular surface diseases,such as neuropathic corneal pain,dry eye disease,diabetic corneal neuropathy,neurotrophic keratopathy,Sjogren's syndrome,bullous keratopathy,post-refra ctive surgery,and *** this review,we have summarized the current literature on the association between these ocular surface diseases and the presentation of corneal microneuromas,as well as elaborated on their pathogenesis,visualization via in vivo confocal microscopy,and utility in monitoring treatment *** current quantitative analysis on neuromas mainly relies on manual annotation and quantification,which is user-dependent and labor-intensive,future direction includes the development of artificial intelligence software to identify and quantify these potential imaging biomarkers in a more automated and sensitive manner,allowing it to be applied in clinical settings more *** imaging and molecular biomarkers may also help elucidate the associations between corneal neuromas and ocular surface diseases.

关键词： cornea corneal diseases corneal nerve corneal neuropathy in vivo confocal microscopy microneuroma neuroma ocular surface diseases

Enhanced thermal emission from metal-free,fully epitaxial structures with epsilon-near-zero InAs layers

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第2期45卷 34-39页

作者： Karolis Stašys Andrejus Geižutis jan Devenson State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology Savanoriųave.231L-T02300 VilniusLithuania

We introduce a novel method to create mid-infrared(MIR)thermal emitters using fully epitaxial,metal-free *** the strategic use of epsilon-near-zero(ENZ)thin films in InAs layers,we achieve a narrow-band,wide-angle,and p-polarized thermal emission *** approach,employing molecular beam epitaxy,circumvents the complexities associated with current layered structures and yields temperature-resistant emission *** findings contribute a promising route towards simpler,more efficient MIR optoelectronic devices.

关键词： epsilon-near-zero thermal emitters indium arsenide LWIR(long wave infraRed) molecular beam epitaxy

The Impact of Health Information Technology on Hospital Performance: A Systematic Integrative Literature Review

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Health 2024年第4期16卷 257-279页

作者： Alisa Westerhof Cokky Hilhorst Willem jan Bos Accounting Auditing & Control Nyenrode Business University Breukelen Netherlands St. Antonius Ziekenhuis Utrecht Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine Nephrology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden Netherlands

Objective: To review, categorise, and synthesise findings from literature on health information technology (HIT) functionalities, HIT use, and the impact of HIT on hospital performance. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic integrative literature review based on a compre-hensive database search. To organise, categorise and synthesise the ex-isting literature, we adopted the affordance actualization theory. To align the literature with our research framework, we used four categories: 1) the functionalities of HIT and how these functionalities are measured;2) use and immediate outcomes of HIT functionalities;3) different perfor-mance indicators and how HIT functionalities affect them;and 4) what hospital characteristics influence the outcome of hospital performance. Results: Fifty-two studies were included. We identified four types of HIT. Only ten studies (19.2%) define the use of HIT by explicitly meas-uring the use rate of HIT. We identified five dimensions of hospital per-formance indicators. Every dimension showed mixed results;however, in general, HIT has a positive impact on mortality and patient readmis-sions. We found several hospital characteristics that may affect the rela-tionship between HIT and hospital-level outcomes. Discussion: Further efforts should focus on embedded research on HIT functionalities, use and effects of HIT implementations with more performance indicators and adjusted for hospital characteristics. Conclusion: The proposed framework could help hospitals and researchers make decisions regard-ing the functionalities, use and effects of HIT implementation in hospi-tals. Given our research outcomes, we suggest future research opportuni-ties to improve understanding of how HIT affects hospital performance. .

关键词： Health Information Technology HIT Functionalities Hospital Performance Indicators

晚发性结直肠癌患者亲属的结肠镜筛查时间间隔:一项全国性匹配队列研究

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Science Bulletin 2024年第6期69卷 732-736页

作者：梁群风 Kristina Sundquist jan Sundquist Hermann Brenner Elham Kharazmi Mahdi Fallah Division of Preventive Oncology National Center for Tumor DiseasesGerman Cancer Research CenterHeidelberg 69120Germany Medical Faculty Heidelberg Heidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69120Germany Center for Primary Health Care Research Lund UniversityMalmö20213Sweden Department of Family Medicine and Community Health Department of Population Health Science and PolicyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY10029USA Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education Department of Functional PathologySchool of MedicineShimane UniversityIzumo 693-8501Japan Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research German Cancer Research CenterHeidelberg 69120Germany German Cancer Consortium German Cancer Research CenterHeidelberg 69120Germany Institute of Primary Health Care University of BernBern 3012Switzerland

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a major global cancer burden,ranking third in terms of incidence,but second in terms of mortality[1].Early detection of CRC through screening combined with subsequent removal of polyps remains a predominant strategy for CRC *** history is a known risk factor for CRC[2-4].However,only a few screening guidelines provide recommendations for individuals with familial CRC risk[5].

关键词：队列研究时间间隔晚发性

How aromatic dissolved organic matter differs in competitiveness against organic micropollutant adsorption

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 92-102页

作者： Qi Wang Oliver JLechtenfeld Luuk CRietveld Jonas Schuster Mathias Ernst Roberta Hofman-Caris jan Kaesler Chunmiao Wang Min Yang Jianwei Yu Frederik Zietzschmann Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences100085BeijingChina Delft University of Technology Department of Water ManagementPO Box 50482600GADelftthe Netherlands Department of Analytical Chemistry Research Group BioGeoOmicsHelmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchUFZPermoserstr.1504318LeipzigGermany Berliner Wasserbetriebe LaboratoryMotardstr.3513629BerlinGermany Institute for Water Resources and Water Supply Hamburg University of TechnologyAm Schwarzenberg-Campus 321073HamburgGermany KWR Watercycle Research Institute 3433PENieuwegeinthe Netherlands ProVISCentre for Chemical Microscopy Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchUFZPermoserstr.1504318LeipzigGermany Wageningen University and Research Department of Environmental TechnologyBornse Weilanden 96708 WGWageningenthe Netherlands University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049BeijingChina

Activated carbon is employed for the adsorption of organic micropollutants(OMPs)from water,typically present in concentrations ranging from ng L1 to mg L***,the efficacy of OMP removal is considerably deteriorated due to competitive adsorption from background dissolved organic matter(DOM),present at substantially higher concentrations in mg L*** the characteristics of competitive DOM is crucial in predicting OMP adsorption efficiencies across diverse natural *** weight(MW),aromaticity,and polarity influence DOM *** the aromaticity-related metrics,such as UV254,of low MW DOM were proposed to correlate with DOM competitiveness,the method suffers from limitations in understanding the interplay of polarity and aromaticity in determining DOM ***,we elucidate the intricate influence of aromaticity and polarity in low MW DOM competition,spanning from a fraction level to a compound level,by employing direct sample injection liquid chromatography coupled with ultrahigh-resolution Fouriertransform ion cyclotron resonance mass *** exchange resin pre-treatment eliminated 93%of UV254-active DOM,predominantly aromatic and polar DOM,and only minimally alleviated DOM *** characterization revealed that nonpolar molecular formulas(constituting 26%PAC-adsorbable DOM)with medium aromaticity contributed more to the DOM *** analysis indicated that the competitiveness of highly aromatic LMW DOM compounds was strongly counterbalanced by increased *** aromaticity-derived p-p interaction cannot facilitate the competitive adsorption of hydrophilic DOM *** results underscore the constraints of depending solely on aromaticity-based approaches as the exclusive interpretive measure for DOM *** a broader context,this study demonstrates an effect-oriented DOM analysis,elucidating counterbalancing interactions of DOM molecular properties

关键词： Activated carbon Organic micropollutants Dissolved organic matter(DOM) Multi-component adsorption Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR-MS)

3D micro-devices for enhancing the lateral resolution in optical microscopy

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第2期5卷 50-63页

作者： Gordon Zyla Goran Maconi Anton Nolvi jan Marx Dimitra Ladika Ari Salmi Vasileia Melissinaki Ivan Kassamakov Maria Farsari Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser Foundation for Research and Technology-HellasHeraklionGreece Electronics Research Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Applied Laser Technologies Ruhr University BochumBochumGermany

Although optical microscopy is a widely used technique across various multidisciplinary fields for inspecting small-scale objects,surfaces or organisms,it faces a significant limitation:the lateral resolution of optical microscopes is fundamentally constrained by light *** micro-spheres,however,offer a promising solution to this issue as they are capable of significantly enhancing lateral resolution through extraordinary phenomena,such as a photonic *** upon the potential of dielectric micro-spheres,this paper introduces a novel approach for fabricating 3D micro-devices designed to enhance lateral resolution in optical *** proposed 3D micro-device comprises a modified coverslip and a micro-sphere,facilitating easy handling and integration into any existing optical *** manufacture the device,two advanced femtosecond laser techniques are employed:femtosecond laser ablation and multi-photon *** laser ablation was employed to create a micro-hole in the coverslip,which allows light to be focused through this ***-photon lithography was used to fabricate a micro-sphere with a diameter of 20μm,along with a cantilever that positions the above the processed micro-hole and connect it with the *** this context,advanced processing strategies for multi-photon lithography to produce a micro-sphere with superior surface roughness and almost perfect geometry(λ/8)from a Zr-based hybrid photoresist are *** performance of the micro-device was evaluated using Mirau-type coherence scanning interferometry in conjunction with white light illumination at a central wavelength of 600 nm and a calibration grid(Λ=0.28μm,h>50 nm).Here,the 3D micro-device proved to be capable of enhancing lateral resolution beyond the limits achievable with conventional lenses or microscope objectives when used in ***,it maintained the high axial resolution characteristic of Mirau-type coherenc

关键词： Photonic nanojet Multi-photon lithography Optical microscopy Micro-optics Multi-photon grayscale lithography Extreme manufacturing

Littoral landforms of Lake Hulun and Lake Buir(China and Mongolia):Wind-driven hydro-sedimentary dynamics and resulting clastics distribution

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第2期13卷 309-326页

作者： Li Wang Mathieu Schuster Shi-Wei Xin Florin Zainescu Xin-Yu Xue Joep Storms jan-Hendrik May Alexis Nutz Helena van der Vegt Guilherme Bozetti Zai-Xing Jiang School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China Universite de Strasbourg CNRSENGEESInstitut Terre et Environnement de StrasbourgUMR 70635 Rue DescartesStrasbourgFrance Tamsag Mongolia(XIX)Ltd. PetroChinaDaqing 163000China CEREGE Aix-Marseille UniversitéCNESIRDCollege de FranceINRAAix en ProvenceFrance School of Marine Science Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519083China Delft University of Technology Department of Geoscience and EngineeringDelfthe Netherlands School of Geography Earth and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Melbourne253 Elgin St.CarltonVIC 3053Australia Deltares Delfthe Netherlands SCMF Faculty of GeographyUniversity of Bucharest1 N.Balcescu Blv.BucharestRomania

Two rectangular-shaped lakes,Lake Hulun and Lake Buir,located at the boundary between China and Mongolia,only c.75 km apart and therefore experiencing similar wind fields,have been studied based on satellite images and field surveys in order to compare their geomorphological and sedimentological *** wind-driven hydrodynamics,which have a significant effect on the development of littoral landforms and on sediment distribution,have been discussed for the two similar lakes that experienced a prevailing wind perpendicular to their long axis.A conceptual model related to wind-driven water bodies and sediment distribution is ***-influenced to wave-dominated deltas,beaches,spits,and eolian dune deposits develop around these two lakes,with a strikingly similar distribution *** features locally inform the longshore drift and help reconstruct the water circulation induced by wind *** the NW prevailing wind regime,the spits developed on the SW coast with a NW—SE extension,which was influenced by the NW—SE longshore *** same influence was observed in the delta extension in the NE *** differences lie in the presence of fan deltas in the NW region of Lake Hulun,but not in Lake ***,the width of the beach and eolian deposits on the downwind coast of Lake Hulun is three times greater than that of Lake Buir which were caused by the differences in sediment supply and wind fetch between the two *** Hulun and Lake Buir provide two reliable examples to understand the relationship among the wind field,provenance,hydrodynamics,landforms,and asymmetrical distribution of clastics in elongated *** also represent relevant modern analogs,which may also be of guiding significance to wind-driven sand body prediction in lacustrine basins.

关键词： Wind-driven lakes Fetch Sedimentary facies Hydrodynamics Geomorphology Spits Shoreline Lake Hulun Lake Buir