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Case Study for Undetermined Mosquito Species by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Western Burkina Faso

American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第2期14卷 43-53页

作者： koudraogo Bienvenue Yaméogo sassan simplice k.mbou Domonbabélé François de Sales Hien Logotio Rachel Angela Traore Franck Adama Yao Rakiswendé Serge Yerbanga Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique CNRST Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante (IRSS) Laboratoire de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et parasitaires Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences et Techniques (INSTech Bobo) Avenue de Sya Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Introduction: Malaria eradication campaigns all over the world are largely based on parasite and vector control. Vector identification, whether morphological or molecular, is an essential component of vector control. This study analyzed the possible causes of indeterminate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results for mosquito species in Western part of Burkina Faso. Methodology: From July 2021 to November 2021, mosquitoes were collected during the period of high malaria transmission in the village of Séguéré, Houet province, Burkina Faso, and morphologically identified. After DNA extraction, samples were amplified by sine 200× PCR to identify species of the Anopheles gambiae complex. Indeterminate samples were then selected for further analysis. The parameters studied were: DNA dilution, the effect of protocol adjusting, and the type of protocol used. Results: A total of 130 “indeterminate” DNAs diluted 1:10 were analyzed. After dilution, the mean amount was 14.73 ± 3.59 ng/μL and absorbance 1.71 ± 0.1. PCR chain reaction yielded 94.62% (123/130) anopheline species in SINE PCR, 5.38% (7/130) “negative”. A significant difference between SINE PCR before dilution and after dilution was observed (P < 0.001). Identification tests carried out using other protocols gave no positive results. From these results, we note that the adaptation of the protocol significantly reduced the polymerase amplification results of the species. Conclusion: It is therefore necessary to respect the amplification protocols. However, the persistence of “indeterminate” results suggests that further studies should be carried out to shed more light on the subject.

关键词： Malaria Vector DNA PCR

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Governance in the exploration of global and regional determinants of ICT development

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2024年第2期8卷 132-153页

作者： Charles S.Saba simplice A.Asongu Nicholas Ngepah Yolande E.Ngoungou School of Economics College of Business and EconomicsUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa Department of Econornic&Data Science New Uzbekistan University54 Mustaili AvenueTashkent100007Uzbekistan University of Yaounde 2 SoaCameroon

The present study assesses how governance affects information and communication technology(IcT)at the global level contingent on macroeconomic policy factors such as trade,foreign direct investment(FDI),manufacturing value added,and agricultural value *** study focuses on 183 countries from 2003 to 2021,and the empirical evidence is based on the generalized method of moments(GMM).The following main findings are *** the full sample,governance unconditionally promotes ICT development,while trade openness(industrial added value)moderates governance to promote(dampen)ICT *** sub-Saharan Africa,only trade openness effectively moderates governance to induce an overall positive effect on ICT,while in the Middle East and North Africa(MENA)region,all policy variables moderate governance for an overall positive incidence on ICT sector *** findings for the MENA region are confirmed in the Europe and Central Asia(ECA)region,with the exception of the moderating role of industrial added value,which engenders an overall negative *** the East and South Asia and the Pacific(ESAP)countries,one overall positive incidence is apparent in the role of trade openness,while net negative effects are established from the moderating roles of industrial added value and agricultural added *** the American sub-sample,a positive(negative)net effect is apparent from the role of industrial added value(trade)in moderating the incidence of gover-nance on ICT sector ***,policy implications are discussed.

关键词： ICT Governance Trade FDI Industry Agriculture

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Nutritional and Antioxidant Evaluation and Effect of Eggplant Consumption on Anthropometric and Hematologic Parameters in Wistar Rats

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 245-262页

作者： Elenga Michel Nkouka Rhode Gouollaly Tsiba Wossolo Stephane Itoua Okouango Yvon simplice Mananga Vital Multi-field Team of Research in Feeding and Nutrition (Eprancongo) Faculty of Sciences and Technology Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Laboratory of Human Nutrition and Feeding (LaNAH) Faculty of Sciences and Technology Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Department of Pharmacopeia and Traditional Medicine National Institute of Health Science & Research (IRSSA) Scientific City of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Experimental Pathophysiology (L2PE) Faculty of Sciences and Technology Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nutritional quality of green and purple eggplant, their antioxidant activity and their nutritional efficacy on Wistar rats. For nutritional quality, the parameters measured are dry matter, protein, lipid, ash, carbohydrate, iron, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and energy content. For antioxidant activity, the parameters measured are 50% DDPH free radical inhibition concentration and total polyphenol content. Nutritional efficacy was evaluated in rats fed the control diet and in rats fed the three treated diets containing eggplant meal obtained by replacing 5%, 10%, and 15% of the control diet. The parameters measured are the amount consumed, the weight of the animal and target organs, and hematologic parameters. The results of the nutritional analysis show the following values: 13.31% protein, 2.66% lipids, 0.84% calcium, 0.12% magnesium, 0.43% phosphorus for the Solanum aethiopicum L. species and 13.47% protein, 3.66% lipids, 0.36% calcium, 0.22% magnesium, 0.35% phosphorus for the Solanum melongena L. species. In terms of antioxidant activity, we obtained DDPH inhibition percentages of 40.28 mg/ml for Solanum aethiopicum L. and 12.42 mg/ml for Solanum melongena L., respectively. Finally, hematologic and anthropometric tests showed that for the different diets used, weight loss and an increase in hematologic parameters were observed in the rats tested. This study showed that eggplant has interesting nutritional characteristics and antioxidant activity, contributing to an increase in weight and anthropometric parameters.

关键词： Fruit Vegetables Eggplant Solanum aethiopicum L. Solanum melongena L. Antioxidants Polyphenols

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Immunovirological Profile of HIV1 Infection in Children and Adolescents Followed at the Bangui Pediatric University Hospital

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 585-597页

作者： simplice Cyriaque kango Synthia Ningatoloum Nazita Marie Colette Nganda-Bangue Michaël Dan-Houron Alexandre Manirakiza Jean Chrysostome Gody Department of The Clinique Mé dicale Infantile Raymond Max Siopathis University Children&#8217s Hospital Bangui CAR Faculty of Health Sciences (FACSS) Bangui CAR National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui CAR Pasteur Institute Bangui CAR

History: Pediatric management of HIV infection in children in the Central African Republic began in 2004 with the use of fractionated adult antiretrovirals and Cotrimoxazole. It has evolved over the years with the use of pediatric forms, oral suspensions and dispersible tablets. The transition to Dolutegravir took place in 2020. The active file of our patients will grow from 78 to over 1900 today. Follow-up examinations are carried out to assess adherence to treatment. Objective: To determine the immunovirological profile and factors associated with treatment failure during follow-up of children on ART at the Bangui pediatric university hospital. Patients and Method: This was a cross-sectional, analytical study from May 30 to December 02, 2022. The study sample was drawn from a cohort of HIV-1-infected children followed up at the Bangui pediatric university hospital and on ART for three semesters who met the selection criteria. Results: The prevalence of treatment failure varied from one semester to the next. Thus, the prevalence of therapeutic failure was 20% in the first semester, 10% in the second semester and 7% in the third semester. The prevalence of virological failure was 10.28% in the first half of the year, 6.91% in the second half and 4.98% in the third. Secondly, immunological failure was 0.48% in the first half of the year, 0.32% in the second 0.64% in the third half. Finally, clinical failure was 8.82% in the first half, 4.82% in the second half, 1.92% in the third half. Socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with treatment failure were male gender (p 1000 copies/ml (p Conclusion: The occurrence of treatment failures in children is a major problem, especially in our resource-limited countries, given the challenges facing antiretroviral therapy. It is therefore necessary to carry out a study on resistance genotyping in order to propose correct management protocols, as the future of treatment programs depends on it.

关键词： Profile Immunovirological HIV/AIDS Children Bangui

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Eco-Epidemiological Characteristics of Human Rabies in Côte d’Ivoire, 2012-2017

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 13-23页

作者： Zamina Bi Yourou Guillaume Tiembré Issiaka konan Loukou Leandre Bama Martial Yapi Ellélé Aimé Gouzilé Assikohon Pulchérie Dagnan N’Cho simplice National Institute of Public Hygiene Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Département de Santé Publique et Spécialités UFR des Sciences Médicales d’Abidjan Université Félix HOUPHOU&#203T-BOIGNY de Cocody Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Institut National de Santé Publique Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Human rabies is a major public health problem in many African countries, including Côte d’Ivoire. The present work aims at describing the eco-epidemiological characteristics of human rabies cases recorded in Côte d’Ivoire. Methods: This was a retrospective and prospective cross-sectional descriptive study based on epidemiological surveillance data that ran from september 2014 to december 2017. The clinical data were extracted from the database of the human rabies epidemiological surveillance management service of the National Institute of Public Hygiene’s rabies centre. These data cover the period from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2017. Results: Human rabies is endemic in Côte d’Ivoire, with most people exposed in the south and especially in the west of the country. There was no association between any of the climatological parameters (temperature, humidity, rainfall) and the occurrence of human rabies during the months of exposure to rabies infection. Conclusion: Ultimately, effective prevention and control of human rabies requires a thorough understanding of the links between climatological parameters and rabies. Health authorities must take ownership of these results if we are to achieve our goal of eliminating rabies by 2030.

关键词： Human Rabies Season Climate Abidjan Ivory Coast

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Case Study for Undetermined Mosquito Species by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Western Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Molecular Biology（美国分子生物学期刊） 2024年第2期 43页

作者： koudraogo Bienvenue Yaméogo sassan simplice k.mbou Domonbabélé François de Sales Hien Logotio Rachel Angela Traore Franck Adama Yao Rakiswendé Serge Yerbanga

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Multiplex Rapid Test with Acceptable Diagnosis Performance as a Solution to Increase Diagnosis of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Pregnant Women in an Area of High Prevalence of Both Hepatitis Viruses Associated with HIV

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 50-65页

作者： Catherine Boni-Cisse Nina Esther Onstira Ngoyi Hermione Dahlia Mossoro-kpinde Noella Packo Rabi Senekian Hermann Ndoidet koutou Coretha Bokia-Baguida Christelle Luce Bobossi-Gadia Arthur simplice Sombot-Ndicky Daniel Yvon Gonessa Freddy Samuel Ngbonga konzapa Voulou Christian Diamant Mossoro-kpinde Alassane OUATTARA National Center of Medical Oncology and Radiotherapy Abidjan Ivory Cost Department of Microbiology UFR of Medical Sciences University of Cocody Abidjan Ivory Cost Laboratory of Bacteriology-Virology of Teaching Hospital Center of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Republic of Congo Department of Labor Medicine Service of HIV and STDs Control in the Workplace Bangui Central African Republic (CAR) Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic National Reference Center of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Antiretroviral Therapy Bangui Central African Republic National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui Central African Republic Medicine Department District Hospital of Alindao Alindao Ouaka Prefecture Central African Republic Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Coordination of Specialized Study of Clinical Biology University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Doctors without Borders Hospital Sica BanguiCRA Laboratory of Medical Analysis of Teaching Hospital Center Mother Elisabeth DOMITIEN of Bimbo Bimbo Central African Republic

Background and Objective: HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are very widespread in the world, however, less than 20% of the people affected are diagnosed and treated. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV, HCV and HBV co-infections in pregnant women at Bangui Community University Hospital and the cost of screening. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving consenting pregnant women who came for antenatal care was performed. HIV, HCV antibodies and HBV antigens were detected using Exacto Triplex? HIV/HCV/HBsAg rapid test, cross-validated by ELISA tests. Sociodemographic and professional data, the modes of transmission and prevention of HIV and both hepatitis viruses were collected in a standard sheet and analyzed using the Epi-Info software version 7. Results: Pregnant women aged 15 to 24 were the most affected (45.3%);high school girls (46.0%), and pregnant women living in cohabitation (65.3%) were the most represented. Twenty-five (16.7%) worked in the formal sector, 12.7% were unemployed housewives and the remainder in the informal sector. The prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV viruses was 11.8%, 21.9% and 22.2%, respectively. The prevalence of co-infections was 8.6% for HIV-HBV, 10.2% for HIV-HCV, 14.7% for HBV-HCV and 6.5% for HIV-HBV-HCV. All positive results and 10% of negative results by the rapid test were confirmed by ELISA tests. The serology of the three viruses costs 39,000 FCFA (60 Euros) by ELISA compared to 10,000 FCFA (15.00 Euros) with Exacto Triplex? HIV/HCV/AgHBs (BioSynex, Strasbourg, France). Conclusion: The low level of education and awareness of hepatitis are barriers to development and indicate the importance of improving the literacy rate of women in the Central African Republic (CAR). Likewise, the high prevalence of the three viruses shows the need for the urgent establishment of a national program to combat viral hepatitis in the CAR.

关键词： HIV-HCV-HBV Co-Infection Multiplex Immunochromatographic Rapid Test Central Africa Serology Test Cost Diagnostic Accessibility

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Nutritional and Antioxidant Evaluation and Effect of Eggplant Consumption on Anthropometric and Hematologic Parameters in Wistar Rats

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Food and Nutrition Sciences（食品与营养科学） 2024年第4期 245页

作者： Elenga Michel Nkouka Rhode Gouollaly Tsiba Wossolo Stephane Itoua Okouango Yvon simplice Mananga Vital

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At what levels of financial development does information sharing matter?

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Financial Innovation 2017年第1期3卷 116-145页

作者： simplice A.Asongu Jacinta C.Nwachukwu African Governance and Development Institute P.O.Box 8413YaoundéCameroon Department of Economics University of South AfricaP.O.Box 392Pretoria UNISA 0003South Africa School of Economics Finance and AccountingFaculty of Business and LawCoventry UniversityPriory StreetCoventry CV15FBUK

Background:The purpose of this study is to investigate how an increase in information-sharing bureaus affects financial ***:We employed contemporary and non-contemporary interactive quantile regressions in 53 African countries for the period 2004–***-sharing bureaus are proxied with public credit registries and private credit *** development dynamics involving depth(at overall economic and financial system levels),efficiency(at banking and financial system levels),activity(from banking and financial system perspectives),and size are ***:Two key findings are ***,the effect of an increase in private credit bureaus is not clearly noticeable on financial access,probably because private credit agencies are still to be established in many ***,an increase in public credit registries for the most part improves financial allocation efficiency and activity(or credit)between the 25th and 75th ***:As a main policy implication,countries in the top and bottom ends of the financial efficiency and activity distributions are unlikely to benefit from enhanced financial allocation efficiency as a result of an increase in public credit registries.

关键词： Information sharing Financial development Quantile regression

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Effects of taxation on social innovation and implications for achieving sustainable development goals in developing countries: A literature review

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2022年第4期6卷 259-275页

作者： Jean C.kouam simplice A.Asongu Nkafu Policy Institute Opposite College Jesus-MarieSimbockP.O.Box:6402YaoundeCameroon School of Economics University of JohannesburgJohannesburg2092South Africa

In developing countries,taxation is perceived as a brake on economic ***,taxes in most of these countries are not sufficiently adapted to the specificity of the taxpayer and often do not consider the weak administrative capacity of the countries in the *** this context,reforms have been initiated over the last decade to create tax environments that encourage savings,investment,entrepreneurship,and social *** study provides an overview of research on the effects of taxation on social innovation and the corresponding implications for the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)in developing countries,taking three approaches:thematic,chronological,and *** studies agree that high taxes in business undermine social innovation and thus the achievement of SDGs,as social innovation is known to be a driver of most SDGs and business the *** majority of the selected studies used primary data collected from samples whose representativeness with respect to the population concerned(notably businesses)is still not explicitly justified.

关键词： Social innovation SDGs Developing countries

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