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The Pushtashan juvenile suprasubduction zone assemblage of Kurdistan (northeastern Iraq): A Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Neo-Tethys missing link

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第5期8卷 1073-1087页

作者： Sabah A.Ismail sarmad a.ali Allen P.Nutman Vickie C.Bennett Brain G.Jones Department of Applied Geology College of Sciences Kirkuk University Kirkuk 36001 Iraq GeoQuEST Research Centre School of Earth & Environmental Sciences University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia Research School of Earth Sciences Australian National University ACT 0200 Australia

The Pushtashan suprasubduction zone assemblage of volcanic rocks, gabbros, norites and peridotites occurs in the Zagros suture zone, Kurdistan region, northeastern Iraq. Volcanic rocks are dominant in the assemblage and consist mainly of basalt and basaltic andesite flows with interlayered red shale and limestone horizons. Earlier lavas tend to be MORB-like, whereas later lavas display island arc tholeiite to boninitic geochemical characteristics. Tholeiitic gabbros intrude the norites and display fractionation trends typical of crystallisation under low-pressure conditions, whereas the norites display calc-alkaline traits, suggesting their source included mantle metasomatised by fluids released from subducted oceanic crust. Enrichment of Rb, Ba, Sr, Th and the presence of negative Nb anomalies indicate generation in a suprasubduction zone setting. Trondhjemite and granodiorite intrusions are present in the volcanic rocks, gabbros and norites. SHRIMP U-Pb dating of magmatic zircons from a granodiorite yields a mean^(206)Pb/^(238)U age of 96.0 ±2.0 Ma(Cenomanian). The initial ε_(Hf) value for the zircons show a narrow range from +12.8 to+15.6, with a weighted mean of + 13.90±0.96. This initial value is within error of model depleted mantle at 96 Ma or slightly below that, in the field of arc rocks with minimal contamination by older continental crust. The compositional bimodality of the Pushtashan suprasubduction sequence suggests seafloor spreading during the initiation of subduction, with a lava stratigraphy from earlyerupted MORB transitioning into calc-alkaline lavas and finally by 96 Ma intrusion of granodioritic and trondhjemitic bodies with juvenile crustal isotopic signatures. The results confirm another Cretaceous arc remnant preserved as an allochthon within the Iraqi segment of the Cenozoic Zagros suture zone. Implications for the closure of Neo-Tethys are discussed.

关键词： Pushtashan suprasubduction assemblage Cretaceous Zircon U-Pb dating Hf isotopes Kurdistan region lraq Neo-Terhys

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Traffic Control Based on Integrated Kalman Filtering and Adaptive Quantized Q-Learning Framework for Internet of Vehicles

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2103-2127页

作者： Othman S.Al-Heety Zahriladha Zakaria Ahmed Abu-Khadrah Mahamod Ismail sarmad Nozad Mahmood Mohammed Mudhafar Shakir Hussein Alsariera Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka(UTeM)Durian TunggalMalaysia College of Computing&Informatics Saudi Electronic UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Electrical Electronic and System EngineeringUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaUKM BangiSelangorMalaysia Computer Technology Engineering College of Engineering TechnologyAl-Kitab UniversityKirkukIraq Faculty of Engineering and Electronic Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia(UTHM)Batu PahatMalaysia 6Research Center DepartmentThe University of MashreqBaghdadIraq

Intelligent traffic control requires accurate estimation of the road states and incorporation of adaptive or dynamically adjusted intelligent algorithms for making the *** this article,these issues are handled by proposing a novel framework for traffic control using vehicular communications and Internet of Things *** framework integrates Kalman filtering and *** smoothing Kalman filtering,our data fusion Kalman filter incorporates a process-aware model which makes it superior in terms of the prediction *** traditional Q-learning,our Q-learning algorithm enables adaptive state quantization by changing the threshold of separating low traffic from high traffic on the road according to the maximum number of vehicles in the junction *** evaluation,the model has been simulated on a single intersection consisting of four roads:east,west,north,and south.A comparison of the developed adaptive quantized Q-learning(AQQL)framework with state-of-the-art and greedy approaches shows the superiority of AQQL with an improvement percentage in terms of the released number of vehicles of AQQL is 5%over the greedy approach and 340%over the state-of-the-art ***,AQQL provides an effective traffic control that can be applied in today’s intelligent traffic system.

关键词： Q-learning intelligent transportation system(ITS) traffic control vehicular communication kalman filtering smart city Internet of Things

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Proton irradiation-induced cracking and microstructural defects in UN and (U,Zr)N composite fuels

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第4期10卷 906-918页

作者： Elina Charatsidou Maria Giamouridou Andrea Fazi Gyula Nagy Diogo Ribeiro Costa sarmad Naim Katea Mikael Jolkkonen Gunnar Westin Mattias Thuvander Daniel Primetzhofer Pär Olsson KTH Royal Institute of Technology StockholmSweden Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden Uppsala University UppsalaSweden Westinghouse Electric Sweden AB VästeråsSweden Höganäs Sweden AB HöganäsSweden

Proton irradiation with a primary ion energy of 2 MeV was used to simulate radiation damage in UN and(U,Zr)N fuel *** pellets,nominally at room temperature,were irradiated to peak levels of 0.1,1,10 dpa and 100.0 dpa resulting in a peak hydrogen concentration of at most 90 at.%.Microstructure and mechanical properties of the samples were investigated and compared before and after *** irradiation induced an increase in hardness,whereas a decrease in Young’s modulus was observed for both *** characterization revealed irradiation-induced cracking,initiated in the bulk of the material,where the peak damage was deposited,propagating towards the ***,transmission electron microscopy was used to study irradiation *** loops and fringes were identified and observed to increase in density with increasing dose *** high density of irradiation defects and hydrogen implanted are proposed as the main cause of swelling and consequent sample cracking,leading simultaneously to increased hardening and a decrease in Young's modulus.

关键词： Proton irradiation Uranium nitride Spark plasma sintering Irradiation induced cracking Simulated burn-up structure Composite nuclear fuels

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A Universal Blown Film Apparatus for in Situ X-ray Measurements

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2017年第12期35卷 1508-1516页

作者： Rui Zhang 纪又新 Qian-lei Zhang Jian-zhu Ju ali sarmad Li-fu Li Hao-yuan Zhao 李良彬 National Synchrotron Radiation Lab and College of Nuclear Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China

A setup of blown film machine combined with in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction measurements and infrared temperature testing is reported to study the structure evolution of polymers during film blowing. Two homemade auto-lifters are constructed and placed under the blown machine at each end of the beamline platform which move up and down with a speed of 0.05 mm/s bearing the 200 kg weight machine. Therefore, structure development and temperature changes as a function of position on the film bubble can be obtained. The blown film machine is customized to be conveniently installed with precise servo motors and can adjust the processing parameters in a wide range. Meanwhile, the air ring has been redesigned in order to track the structure information of the film bubble immediately after the melt being extruded out from the die exit. Polyethylene（PE） is selected as a model system to verify the feasibility of the apparatus and the in situ experimental techniques. Combining structure information provided by the WAXD and SAXS and the actual temperature obtained from the infrared probe, a full roadmap of structure development during film blowing is constructed and it is helpful to explore the molecular mechanism of structure evolution behind the film blowing processing, which is expected to lead to a better understanding of the physics in polymer processing.

关键词： Blown film machine Synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction In situ measurement Structure evolution

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Nature-Inspired Level Set Segmentation Model for 3D-MRI Brain Tumor Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 961-981页

作者： Oday ali Hassen sarmad Omar Abter Ansam A.Abdulhussein Saad M.Darwish Yasmine M.Ibrahim Walaa Sheta Department of Computer Techniques Engineering Imam Al-Kadhum College(IKC)WasitIraq University of Information Technology and Communications Media Technology Engineering DepartmentIraq University of Information Technology and Communications Baghdad10081Iraq Department of Information Technology Institute of Graduate Studies and ResearchAlexandria University63 Horreya AvenueEl–ShatbyAlexandria21526Egypt Informatics Research Institute City of Scientific Research and Technology ApplicationsBorg EL Arab21934Egypt

Medical image segmentation has consistently been a significant topic of research and a prominent goal,particularly in computer *** tumor research plays a major role in medical imaging applications by providing a tremendous amount of anatomical and functional knowledge that enhances and allows easy diagnosis and disease therapy *** prevent or minimize manual segmentation error,automated tumor segmentation,and detection became the most demanding process for radiologists and physicians as the tumor often has complex *** methods for detection and segmentation presently exist,but all lack high *** paper’s key contribution focuses on evaluating machine learning techniques that are supposed to reduce the effect of frequently found issues in brain tumor ***,attention concentrated on the challenges related to level set *** study proposed in this paper uses the Population-based Artificial Bee Colony Clustering(P-ABCC)methodology to reliably collect initial contour points,which helps minimize the number of iterations and segmentation errors of the level-set *** proposed model measures cluster centroids(ABC populations)and uses a level-set approach to resolve contour differences as brain tumors vary as they have irregular form,structure,and *** suggested model comprises of three major steps:first,pre-processing to separate the brain from the head and improves contrast ***,P-ABCC is used to obtain tumor edges that are utilized as an initial MRI sequence *** level-set segmentation is then used to detect tumor regions from all volume slices with fewer *** suggest improved model efficiency compared to state-of-the-art methods for both datasets BRATS 2019 and BRATS *** BRATS 2019,dice progress was achieved for Entire Tumor(WT),Tumor Center(TC),and Improved Tumor(ET)by 0.03%,0.03%,and 0.01%*** BRATS 2017,an increase in precision for WT was reac

关键词： 3D-MRI tumor diagnosis bio-inspired clustering ABC optimization multimodal detection

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Design and implementation of Ad-Hoc collaborative proxying scheme for reducing network energy waste

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Digital Communications and Networks 2017年第2期3卷 118-128页

作者： Rafiullah Khan sarmad Ullah Khan School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queen's University Belfast ECIT/CSIT- Northern Ireland Science Park Queen's RoadQueen's lsland Belfast BT3 9DT United Kingdom Electrical Engineering Department CECOS University of IT and Emerging Sciences Phase-6 Hayatabad Peshawar Pakistan

Network devices are equipped with low power states but they are rarely activated due to their inability of maintaining network connectivity. Recently, Network Connectivity Proxy （NCP） concept has been proposed in literature as an effective mechanism to exploit full potential of low power features on network devices by impersonating their virtual presence. However, the NCP concept faces several open issues and challenges especially related to proxying of TCP connections and majority of daily used proprietary dosed-source applications. This paper presents a new approach for reducing network energy waste through intelligent collaboration among daily used devices （e.g., desktop computers, laptops, tablets, smartphones, etc）. It guarantees to run applications on only and only one user device that is under active use at that specific moment. To reduce energy waste and allow idle devices to sleep, our approach also takes benefit from a light- weight home gateway proxy with very basic practically realizable functionalities. The proposed system not just reduces energy waste of fixed devices but also enables mobile devices to significantly improve their battery life. Our developed software prototypes allow devices to autonomously and seamlessly collaborate with each other without requiring any configuration or user input. Further, this paper also presents the basic performance evaluation of developed prototypes in real networking environments.

关键词： Green networking Energy efficiency Smartphone Home gateway proxy Power measurement Universal Plug & Play

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Hyperparameter Tuning Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit Model for Oral Cancer Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 4541-4557页

作者： K.Shankar E.Laxmi Lydia Sachin Kumar ali S.Abosinne Ahmed alkhayyat A.H.Abbas sarmad Nozad Mahmood Department of Computer Science South Ural State UniversityChelyabinsk454080Russia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vignan’s Institute of Information TechnologyVisakhapatnam530049India Computer Technical Engineering Department College of Technical Engineeringthe Islamic UniversityNajaf54001Iraq College of Technical Engineering the Islamic UniversityNajafIraq College of Information Technology Imam Ja’afar Al-Sadiq UniversityAl-Muthanna66002Iraq Computer Technology Engineering College of Engineering TechnologyAl-Kitab UniversityIraq

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma(OSCC)is a type of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma(HNSCC)and it should be diagnosed at early stages to accomplish efficient treatment,increase the survival rate,and reduce death *** imaging is a wide-spread standard used for OSCC ***,it is a cumbersome process and demands expert’s ***,there is a need exists for automated detection ofOSCC using Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Computer Vision(CV)*** this background,the current research article introduces Improved Slime Mould Algorithm with Artificial Intelligence Driven Oral Cancer Classification(ISMA-AIOCC)model on Histopathological images(HIs).The presented ISMA-AIOCC model is aimed at identification and categorization of oral cancer using *** the initial stage,linear smoothing filter is applied to eradicate the noise from ***,MobileNet model is employed to generate a useful set of feature ***,Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit(BGRU)model is exploited for classification *** the end,ISMA algorithm is utilized to fine tune the parameters involved in BGRU ***,ISMA algorithm is created by integrating traditional SMA and ChaoticOppositional Based Learning(COBL).The proposed ISMA-AIOCC model was validated for performance using benchmark dataset and the results pointed out the supremacy of ISMA-AIOCC model over other recent approaches.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis deep learning BGRU biomedical imaging oral cancer histopathological images

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Pulse Laser Deposition of HfO_(2)Nanoporous-Like Structure,Physical Properties for Device Fabrication

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第11期10卷 2819-2834页

作者： Shams B.ali sarmad Fawzi Hamza Alhasan Evan T.Salim Forat H.Alsultany Omar S.Dahham Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department University of TechnologyBaghdadIraq Applied Science Department University of TechnologyBaghdadIraq Al-Mustaqbal University College Department of Medical PhysicsHillahIraq Center of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology Faculty of Engineering TechnologyUniversiti Malaysia PerlisPerlisMalaysia Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringCihan University-ErbilKurdistan RegionIraq

The pulsed laser deposition(PLD)technology was used to effectively create conductive nano and micro hafnium oxide with great purity and transparency for(HfO_(2))*** many optoelectronics devices and their applications,the presence of a high dielectric substance like a nano HfO2,between the metal contacts and the substrates was *** used the Pulsed Laser Deposition method to fabricate an Al/HfO_(2)/p-Si Schottky barrier diode where the nanostructured HfO2 films as an intermediate layer and varied substrate *** optical result reveals a high degree of transparency(93%).The optical bandgap of deposited HfO2 films was observed to vary between 4.9 and 5.3 eV,with a value of roughly 5.3 eV at the optimal preparation *** morphology of the surface shows a high homogeneous nano structure with the average values of the roughness about(0.3 nm).With regard to substrate temperature,the produced factor ideality for fabricated diode was determined to be lowering and the associated values of the barrier height rose based on *** regard to substrate temperature,the produced factor ideality for fabricated diode was determined to be lowering and the associated values of the barrier height rose based on I-V *** diode manufactured at 600℃,in particular,had a higher ideality factor value(n=3.2).

关键词： Pulse laser deposition nano films optoelectronics HfO_(2) optical device

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Reversible and irreversible adsorption of bare and hybrid silica nanoparticles onto carbonate surface at reservoir condition

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Petroleum 2020年第3期6卷 277-285页

作者： Zain-UL-Abedin Arain sarmad Al-Anssari Muhammad ali Shoaib Memon Masood Ahmed Bhatti Christopher Lagat Mohammad sarmadivaleh Department of Petroleum Engineering WA School of Mines:MineralsEnergy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin University26 Dick Perry Avenue6151KensingtonAustralia Department of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq School of Engineering Edith Cowan University270 Joondalup DriveJoondalupWA6027Australia Premier Oilfield Solutions Australia

Realistic implementation of nanofluids in subsurface projects including carbon geosequestration and enhanced oil recovery requires full understanding of nanoparticles(NPs)adsorption behaviour in the porous *** physicochemical interactions between NPs and between the NP and the porous media grain surface control the adsorption behavior of *** study investigates the reversible and irreversible adsorption of silica NPs onto oil-wet and water-wet carbonate surfaces at reservoir *** carbonate sample was treated with different concentrations of silica nanofluid to investigate NP adsorption in terms of nanoparticles initial size and hydrophobicity at different temperatures,and *** behaviour and the reversibility of NP adsorption onto carbonate surfaces was measured using dynamic light scattering(DLS),scanning electron microscope(SEM)images,energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope(EDS),and atomic force microscope(AFM)*** show that the initial hydrophilicity of the NP and the carbonate rock surface can influence the NPs adsorption onto the rock ***,oppositely charged NP and rock surface are attracted to each other,forming a mono or multilayers of NPs on the *** conditions including pressure and temperature have shown minor influence on nano-treatment ***,DLS measurement proved the impact of hydrophilicity on the stability and adsorption trend of *** was also confirmed by SEM ***,AFM results indicated that a wide-ranging adsorption scenario of NPs on the carbonate surface *** results were obtained from the EDS *** study thus gives the first insight into NPs adsorption onto carbonate surfaces at reservoirs conditions.

关键词： Nanofluid Silica nanoparticles Wettability Contact angle Surface treatment Adsorption Salinity Carbonate reservoir Carbonate

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Integrated Demand Response Characteristics of Industrial Park: A Review

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2020年第1期8卷 15-26页

作者： Zhengqi Chen Yingyun Sun Xin Ai sarmad Majeed Malik Liping Yang State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijingChina State Grid Economic and Technological Research Institute Co.Ltd. BeijingChina Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company BeijingChina

With the gradual upgradation of global energy consumption and the associated development of multi-energy sources,the pace of unified energy planning and design has been accelerated and the concept of multi-energy system(MES)has been *** industrial structure of industrial park(IP)consists of production and marketing of multi-energy sources,which makes IP become an ideal application scenario for *** coupling between multi-sources raises the complexity level of IP,which requires the demand side analysis in IP as it enables customers to actively participate in energy planning and *** paper presents the concept and operation strategies of integrated demand response(IDR),and its model classification is analyzed in *** model and IDR with varying time period are studied in IP to determine their impacts on the system.A detailed survey of different techniques in both operation strategies and model classification is presented and the classification is based on pros and ***,key issues and outlooks are discussed.

关键词： Industrial park(IP) multi-energy system(MES) integrated demand response(IDR) integrated direct load control(IDLC) demand side management(DSM) demand side comfort index

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