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Dietary experience alters predatory behavior of two ladybird species on tomato potato psyllid

INSECT SCIENCE 2024年第5期31卷 1579-1590页

作者： sarkar, shovon chandra Milroy, Stephen Paul Xu, Wei Murdoch Univ Food Futures Inst Murdoch WA Australia Murdoch Univ Food Futures Inst Murdoch WA 6150 Australia

The tomato potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, is an invasive pest in Australia, which can cause severe economic loss in the production of Solanaceous crops. As an invasive pest, B. cockerelli may also modify biotic interactions in Australian agricultural and native ecosystems. Resident generalist predators in an area may have the ability to utilize invasive pest species as prey but this will depend on their specific predatory behavior. The extent to which generalist predators learn from their previous dietary experience (i.e., whether they have used a particular species as prey before) and how this impacts subsequent prey choice will influence predator and prey population dynamics after invasion. In this study, one nonnative resident ladybird, Hippodamia variegata, and one native ladybird, Coccinella transversalis, were investigated. Dietary experience with B. cockerelli as a prey species significantly increased preference for the psyllid in a short term (6 h) Petri dish study where a choice of prey was given. Greater suppression of B. cockerelli populations by experienced ladybirds was also observed on glasshouse grown tomato plants. This was presumably due to altered prey recognition by experience. The result of this study suggest the potential to improve the impact of biological control agents on invasive pests by providing early life experience consuming the target species. It may prove valuable for developing improved augmentative release strategies for ladybirds to manage specific insect pest species. Past feeding experiences influence the predation behavior of two ladybirds on tomato potato psyllids. image

关键词： biological control invasive pest predator predator experience prey preference ZEBRA CHIP DISEASE SELF-SELECTION CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER LIFE-HISTORY COLEOPTERA TABLES PREFERENCE BIOLOGY INSECT THREAT

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Potential of Steinernema carpocapsae(Weiser) as a biological control agent against potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella(Zeller)(Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第2期19卷 389-393页

作者： YAN Jun-jie shovon chandra sarkar MENG Rui-xia Stuart REITZ GAO Yu-lin State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193P.R.China College of Agronomy Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010019P.R.China Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Malheur County ExtensionOregon State UniversityOntarioOR 97914USA

The entomopathogenic nematode,Steinernema carpocapsae,was evaluated for control of the potato tuber moth,Phthorimaea operculella,under laboratory *** evaluated different concentrations of *** for control of 2 nd,3 rd,and 4 th instar *** median lethal concentration(LC50)of *** infective juveniles(IJs)to 2 nd,3 rd and 4 th instar larvae of *** was 200,363,181 IJs mL–1,*** the extension of treatment time,the cumulative mortality increased for 2 nd,3 rd,and 4 th instar larvae and pupae of *** instars were the most susceptible for all observation ***,our results suggest that *** could be an effective biological control agent for ***.

关键词： Steinernema carpocapsae Phthorimaea operculella patato integrated biological pest control

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大草蛉对诱集作物紫花苜蓿的行为反应及对西花蓟马的生物防治

大草蛉对诱集作物紫花苜蓿的行为反应及对西花蓟马的生物防治

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作者： shovon chandra sarkar 中国农业科学院

学位级别：硕士

西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)(Thysanoptera:Thripidae))是一种重要的世界性蔬菜和观赏作物上的外来入侵的多食性害虫。西花蓟马对化学杀虫剂的抗药性增强,引起了人们对其他控制方法的兴趣,包括以昆虫为食的捕食性天... 详细信息

西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)(Thysanoptera:Thripidae))是一种重要的世界性蔬菜和观赏作物上的外来入侵的多食性害虫。西花蓟马对化学杀虫剂的抗药性增强,引起了人们对其他控制方法的兴趣,包括以昆虫为食的捕食性天敌—大草蛉(Chrysopa pallens(Rambur)(Neuroptera:Chrysopidae))。在中国,大草蛉可以捕食许多蔬菜和观赏植物上的经济害虫。本文在实验室和温室条件下,研究评价了大草蛉对西花蓟马的控制作用。同时,还比较了大草蛉对西花蓟马和其他猎物豌豆长管蚜(Acyrthosiphon pisum(Harris)(Homoptera:Aphididae))的捕食选择性。最后,评价了紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.(Fabaceae))作为诱集作物对大草蛉的吸引作用。(1)为了评价不同龄期大草蛉幼虫对西花蓟马若虫的捕食能力,采取功能反应试验。草蛉幼虫对西花蓟马若虫的功能性反应模型符合Holling III型。当提供80头西花蓟马若虫时,24h内,一头大草蛉会捕食34-41头蓟马若虫。随后,在温室黄瓜上释放大草蛉来防治西花蓟马。与对照相比,每株黄瓜上释放2、4、6、8、16头大草蛉5周后,分别会导致西花蓟马若虫种群分别下降23%、46%、58%和68%;成虫种群分别下降21%、46%、59%和68%。试验结果表明大草蛉可以作为防治西花蓟马有效的天敌昆虫。(2)捕食两种不同猎物(豌豆长管蚜和西花蓟马)的大草蛉发育历期有显著差异。以豌豆长管蚜为猎物,大草蛉从一龄幼虫发育到成虫的发育历期(22.56±0.39 d)比以西花蓟马为食的发育历期(29±0.45 d)短,并且成活率也比以西花蓟马为猎物的成活率高22.6%。这些研究发现可对大草蛉的规模饲养提供参考,并有助于理解其生物学和在农业生态系统中的生存能力与不同猎物种类的关系。(3)通过行为反应试验发现,开花的紫花苜蓿和未开花的紫花苜蓿的挥发物均对大草蛉成虫有吸引力。然而,“Y”型嗅觉试验研究发现,接种蓟马的紫花苜蓿释放的气味和人工饲料喷雾对大草蛉吸引力没有差异,进一步证明了开花的苜蓿和没有开花苜蓿的挥发物均能吸引大草蛉。顶空动态吸附试验表明只开花苜蓿可以挥发出水杨酸甲酯,而开花与未开花的苜蓿均能释放(E)-β-Farnesene和(E)-β-ocimene。因此,混合种植紫花苜蓿能够吸引草蛉,可能成为一个很好的生物防治策略。

关键词：大草蛉西花蓟马功能反应生活史嗅觉分析

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PVC Membrane Selective Electrode for Determination of Cadmium(Ⅱ) Ion in Chocolate Samples

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2014年第4期22卷 480-488页

作者： Sulekh chandra Deepshikha Singh Anjana sarkar Department of Chemistry Zakir Husain Delhi College University of Delhi School of Applied Sciences Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology University of Delhi

Benzil bis(carbohydrazone)(BBC) is prepared and explored as new N N Schiff's base, which plays the role of an excellent ion carrier in the construction of a Cd(II) ion membrane sensor. The tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate best performance corresponds to a membrane composition of 30% poly(vinyl chloride), 65%(TEHP), 3.5% BBC and 1.5% tetradodecyl-ammoniumtetrakis(4-chlorophenyl) borate(ETH 500). This sensor shows very good selectivity and sensitivity towards cadmium ion over a wide variety of cations, including alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metal ions. The effect of membrane composition, selectivity, pH and influence of additive on the response properties of electrode were investigated. The response mechanism was discussed in the view of UV-spectroscopy. The electrode exhibits a Nernstian behavior(with slope of 29.7 mV per decade) over a very wide concentration range from 1.0×10?1 to 1.0×10?8 mol·L?1 with a detection limit of 3.2×10?8 mol·L?1. It shows rela-tively fast response time in whole concentration range(<8 s) and can be used for at least 10 weeks in the pH range of 2.0-9.0. The proposed sensor is successfully used for the determination of cadmium in different chocolate sam-ples and as indicator electrode in titration with ethylene diamine tetraacetate(EDTA).

关键词： benzil bis(carbohydrazone) ionophore Cd(II) ion membrane sensor selectivity coefficient additive

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Morphological and functional alterations of female reproduction after regular exposure of bamboo shoots of North East India

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2017年第4期6卷 151-157页

作者： Deotima sarkar Arijit Chakraborty Dakshayani Mahapatra Amar K chandra Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Laboratory Department of PhysiologyUniversity of Calcutta92APC RoadKolkata-700009

Objective:To evaluate the effect of daily consumption of bamboo shoots (BS) on the morphological features and functional status of the female reproductive system in adult with respect to ***: Adult female rats were divided into control and experimental groups of six each. Control group was given normal diet while experimental group was fed BS by 1/3rd replacement of 180 g of their foodi.e.60 g of BS containing 35 g of goitrogens of cyanogenic origin such that each rat likely consumed 6 mg/100 g of body weight per day for a period of 45 d. Morphological features like changes in body weight and organ weight were noted. Key steroidogenic enzyme levels viz?53β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) and 17β HSD along with serum estradiol, estriol and progesterone levels were measured. Estrous cyclicity of the animals monitored regularly followed by histological analysis of thyroid, ovary and uterus at the end of ***:Increase in body weight, thyroid gland weight and thyroid stimulating hormone, decrease in serum triiodothyronine and thyroxine, a decrease in ovarian as well as uterine weight and the activity of steroidogenic enzymes?53β HSD andβ17β HSD along with diminished serum estradiol, estriol and progesterone levels were noted;while histological plates showed prominent degenerative changes in both the ovary and uterus. Estrous cyclicity of the treated animals were irregular and almost stopped at diestrous stage of the cycle in the latter stage of the treatment as compared to ***: Overall results indicates that BS rich in cyanogenic constituents induces biochemical hypothyroidism in the experimental animals that acts in corroboration to cause morphological and functional alteration of reproductive organs indicating its likely impact in fertility on continued use.

关键词： Bamboo shoots Dietary goitrogens Female reproduction Estrogen Steroidogenic enzymes Reproductive disruptor

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The Himalayan cryosphere:A critical assessment and evaluation of glacial melt fraction in the Bhagirathi basin

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第1期8卷 107-115页

作者： Abul Amir Khan Naresh chandra Pant Anindaya sarkar S.K.Tandon Meloth Thamban Mahalinganathan K Department of Geology University of DelhiNew Delhi 11007India Department of Geology and Geophysics Indian Institute of TechnologyWest Bengal 721302India Department of Earth Science Indian Institute of TechnologyKanpurUttar Pradesh 208016India Department of Cryosphere Science National Centre for An tarctic and Ocean Research(NCAOR)Ministry of Earth SciencesGovernment of IndiaHeadland SadaVasco-da-GamaGoa 403804India

The cryosphere constitutes an important subset of the hydrosphere. The Himalayan cryosphere is a significant contributor to the hydrological budget of a large river system such as the Ganges. Basic data on the cryosphere in the Himalaya is inadequate and also has large uncertainties. The data on glacial melt component in the Himalayan rivers of India also shows high variability. The Gangotri glacier which constitutes nearly a fifth of the glacierized area of the Bhagirathi basin represents one of the fastest receding, large valley glaciers in the region which has been surveyed and monitored for over sixty years. The availability of measurement over a long period and relatively small glacier-fed basin for the Bha- girathi river provides suitable constraints for the measurement of the glacial melt fraction in a Himalayan river. Pre- and post-monsoon samples reveal a decreasing trend of depletion of 0180 in the river water from glacier snout （Gaumukh） to the confluence of the Bhagiratbi river with the Alaknanda river near Devprayag. Calculations of existing glacial melt fraction （-30% at Rishikesh） are not consistent with the reported glacial thinning rates. It is contended that the choice of unsuitable end-members in the three component mixing model causes the overestimation of glacial melt component in the river discharge. Careful selection of end members provides results （-11% at Devprayag） that are consistent with the expected thinning rates.

关键词： CryosphereGlacial melt fractionBhagirathi riverOxygen isotope

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Novel virulence factor dupA of Helicobacter pylori as an important risk determinant for disease manifestation:An overview

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第32期26卷 4739-4752页

作者： Jawed Alam Avijit sarkar Bipul chandra Karmakar Mou Ganguly Sangita Paul Asish K Mukhopadhyay Division of Infectious Diseases Institute of Life ScienceBhubaneswar 751023India Division of Bacteriology ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric DiseasesKolkata 700010India

Helicobacter pylori(***)is a microaerophilic,Gram-negative,human gastric pathogen found usually in the mucous lining of *** infects more than 50%of the world’s population and leads to gastroduodenal *** outcome of disease depends on mainly three factors:Host genetics,environment and bacterial *** these,bacterial virulence factors such as cagA,vacA are well known for their role in disease ***,based on the global epidemiological results,none of the bacterial virulence(gene)factors was found to be associated with particular diseases like duodenal ulcer(DU)in all ***,substantial importance has been provided for research in strain-specific genes outside the cag pathogenicity island,especially genes located within the plasticity *** found within the plasticity regions was first demonstrated in 2005 and was proposed for duodenal ulcer development and reduced risk of gastric cancer in certain geographical *** to the discrepancies in report from different parts of the world in DU development related to *** virulence factor,dupA became an interesting area of research in elucidating the role of this gene in the disease *** this review,we shed light on the detailed information available on the polymorphisms in dupA and their clinical *** have critically appraised several pertinent studies on dupA and discussed their merits and *** review also highlights dupA gene as an important biomarker for DU in certain populations.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Plasticity region Duodenal ulcer Gastric cancer dupA gene

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Assessment of the irrigation feasibility of low-cost filtered municipal wastewater for red amaranth(Amaranthus tricolor L ***)

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2015年第3期3卷 239-252页

作者： Gokul chandra Biswas Animesh sarkar Md HRashid Monirul Hassan Shohan Mirajul Islam Qingyue Wang Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology School of Life SciencesShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhet 3114Bangladesh Department of Food Engineering and Tea Technology School of Applied Sciences and TechnologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhet 3114Bangladesh Department of Statistics School of Physical SciencesShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhet 3114Bangladesh Department of Environmental Science and Technology Saitama University255 Shimo-OkuboSakura-kuSaitama 338-8570Japan

Because of the scarcity of clean water,treated wastewater potentially provides an alternative source for *** the present experiment,the feasibility of using low-cost filtered municipal wastewater in the irrigation of red amaranth(Amaranthus tricolor L ***)cultivation was *** collected municipal wastewater from fish markets,hospitals,clinics,sewage,and kitchens of households in Sylhet City,Bangladesh were mixed and filtered with nylon *** filtration methods were applied using the following materials:sand(T_(1));sand and wood charcoal consecutively(T_(2));sand,wood charcoal and rice husks consecutively(T_(3));sand,wood charcoal,rice husks and sawdust consecutively(T_(4));sand,wood charcoal,rice husks,sawdust and brick chips consecutively(T_(5));and sand,wood charcoal,rice husks,sawdust,brick chips and gravel consecutively(T_(6)).The water from ponds and rivers was considered as the control treatment(T_(o)).The chemical properties and heavy metals content of the water were determined before and after the low cost filtering,and the effects of the wastewater on seed germination,plant growth and the accumulation rate of heavy metals by plants were *** filtration,the pH,EC and TDS ranged from 5.87 to 9.17,292 to 691 μS cm^(-1) and 267 to 729 mg L^(-1),*** EC and TDS were in an acceptable level for use in irrigation,satisfying the recommendations of the ***,select pH values were unsuitable for *** metal concentrations decreased after applying each *** reduction of Fe,Mn,Pb,Cu,As and Zn were 73.23%,92.69%,45.51%,69.57%,75.47%and 95.06%,*** we considered the individual filtering material,the maximum amount of As and Pb was absorbed by sawdust;Cu and Zn by wood charcoal;Mn and Cu by sand and Fe by *** the six filtration treatments,T_(5) showed the highest seed germination(67.14%),similar to the control T0(77.14%).The healthy plants/pot ratio(93.62%)was significantly higher

关键词： Heavy metals Irrigation feasibility Low cost filtration Municipal wastewater Red amaranth

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Radiation Effects on Free Convection MHD Couette Flow Started Exponentially with Variable Wall Temperature in Presence of Heat Generation

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2012年第1期2卷 14-27页

作者： Sanatan Das Bhaskar chandra sarkar Rabindra Nath Jana Department of Applied Mathematics Vidyasagar University Midnapore India

Radiation effects on free convection MHD Couette flow started exponentially with variable wall temperature in the presence of heat generation have been studied. The governing equations are solved analytically using the Laplace transform technique. The variations of velocity and fluid temperature are presented graphically. It is observed that the velocity decreases with an increase in either magnetic parameter or radiation parameter or Prandtl number. It is also observed that the velocity increases with an increase in either heat generation parameter or Grashof number or accelerated parameter or time. An increase in either radiation parameter or Prandtl number leads to fall in the fluid temperature. It is seen that the fluid temperature increases with an increase in either heat generation parameter or time. Further, it is seen that the shear stress at the moving plate decreases with an increase in either magnetic parameter or radiation parameter while it increases with an increase in either heat generation parameter or Prandtl number. The rate of heat transfer increases with an increase in either Prandtl number or time whereas it decreases with an increase in heat generation parameter.

关键词： MHD Couette Flow Free Convection Magnetic Parameter Radiation Heat Generation Prandtl Number Grashof Number and Accelerated Parameter

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Correlation Holography with A Single-Pixel Detector:A Review

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激光与光电子学进展 2021年第10期58卷 140-157页

作者： Tushar sarkar Aditya chandra Mandal Chen Ziyang Pu Jixiong Rakesh Kumar Singh Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology(Banaras Hindu University)Varanasi221005India Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(Banaras Hindru University)Varanasi221005India College of Information Science and Engineering Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Light Propagation and TransformationHuaqiao UniversityXiamenFujian 361021China

Correlation holography uses incoherent light to reconstruct *** technique reconstructs objects as distributions of two-point coherence function rather than using optical fields,as in conventional *** basic principle of correlation holography is derived from the van Cittert--Zernike theorem and relies on the similarity between the optical field and the coherence *** implementation of the correlation holography techniques requires a field or intensity interferometer,and fringe analysis and crosscovariance measurement in these interferometers require a conventional camera with array *** the availability of digitally controlled diffractive elements,it is possible to replace the incoherent light source,such as a rotating ground glass,with a digital source loaded with the random patterns in *** strategies ease the burden on the detector and allow for correlation holography with a single-pixel detector(SPD)to be *** review paper discusses a close connection between digital holography and correlation *** principles of correlation holography with the SPD are reviewed in detail,and the advantages of using digital sources to mimic incoherent illumination in the correlation holography are examined in the context of three-dimensional and complex field imaging.

关键词： imaging systems correlation holography singlepixel detector digital holography coherence optics phase recovery

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