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Assessing the short-term impact of an insecticide （Deltamethrin） on predator and herbivore abundance in soybean Glycine max using a replicated small-plot field experiment

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Insect Science 2012年第1期19卷 112-120页

作者： sarina macfadyen Myron P. Zalucki School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Brisbane Queensland CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences Black Mountain ACT Australia

A greater understanding of the relative impact of insecticide use on non-target species is critical for the incorporation of natural enemies into integrated pest management strategies. Here we use a small-plot field trial to examine the relative impact of an insec- ticide on herbivores and predators found in soybean （Glycine max L.）, and to highlight the issues associated with calculating impact factors from these studies. The pyrethroid insecticide （Deltamethrin） caused a significant reduction in invertebrate abundance in the treated plots, and populations did not recover to pre-treatment levels even 20 days af- ter spraying. To assess the relative impact of the spray on arthropods we first examined the mean difference in abundance in each plot before and after spraying. All herbivores decreased in abundance in the sprayed plots but increased in the control plots after spray- ing. Most predators （excluding hemipterans） showed a decrease in the control plots but a proportionally greater decrease in the sprayed plots. Next we examined the corrected per- centage population reduction calculated using Abbott＇s formula. All predators （including Araneae） experienced a greater reduction （mean 87% 4- 3.54 SE） than herbivores （mean 56% -4- 4.37 SE） and Araneae alone （mean 71% 4- 8.12 SE）. The range in values across the plots varied and made categorising overall impact subjective for some taxa. Despite the constraints associated with small-plot trials, by using a combination of impact factors and examining community-level response across time, we did get some indication of the likely impact of this insecticide if used in a commercial situation.

关键词： conservation biological control integrated pest management pesticides predators spiders

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Assessing the impact of arthropod natural enemies on crop pests at the field scale

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Insect Science 2015年第1期22卷 20-34页

作者： sarina macfadyen Andrew P. Davies Myron P. Zalucki CSIRO Agriculture Flagship Clunies Ross St Acton ACT2601 Australia CSIRO Australian Cotton Research Institute (ACRI) NarrabriNSW 2390 Austrafia School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland St Lucia Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia

There are many reasons why it is important that we find ways to conserve, and better utilize natural enemies of invertebrate crop pests. Currently, measures of natural enemy impact are rarely incorporated into studies that purport to examine pest control. Most studies examine pest and natural enemy presence and/or abundance and then qualitatively infer impact. While this provides useful data to address a range of ecological questions, a measure of impact is critical for guiding pest management decision-making. Often some very simple techniques can be used to obtain an estimate of natural enemy impact. We present examples of field-based studies that have used cages, barriers to restrict natural enemy or prey movement, direct observation of natural enemy attack, and sentinel prey items to estimate mortality. The measure of natural enemy impact used in each study needs to be tailored to the needs of farmers and the specific pest problems they face. For example, the magnitude of mortality attributed to natural enemies may be less important than the timing and consistency of that mortality between seasons. Tailoring impact assessments will lead to research outcomes that do not simply provide general information about how to conserve natural enemies, but how to use these natural enemies as an integral part of decision-making.

关键词： mortality parasitism pest control predation semifield

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Connecting scales： Achieving in-field pest control from areawide and landscape ecology studies

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Insect Science 2015年第1期22卷 35-51页

作者： Nancy A. Schellhorn Hazel R. Parry sarina macfadyen Yongmo Wang Myron P. Zalucki CSlRO Agriculture Flagship Brisbane QLD 4001 Australia C SIRO Agriculture Flagship Canberra ACT 2601 Australia Collegeof Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China School of Biological Sciences TheUniversity of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia

Areawide management has a long history of achieving solutions that target pests; however, there has been little focus on the areawide management of arthropod natural enemies. Landscape ecology studies that show a positive relationship between natural enemy abundance and habitat diversity demonstrate landscape-dependent pest suppression, but have not yet clearly linked their findings to pest management or to the suite of pests associated with crops that require control. Instead the focus has often been on model systems of single pest species and their natural enemies. We suggest that management actions to capture pest control from natural enemies may be forth coming if：（i） the suite of response and predictor variables focus on pest complexes and specific management actions; （ii） the contribution of＂the landscape＂ is identified by assessing the timing and numbers of natural enemies immigrating and emigrating to and from the target crop, as well as pests; and （iii） pest control thresholds aligned with crop development stages are the benchmark to measure impact of natural enemies on pests, in turn allowing for comparison between study regions, and generalizations. To achieve pest control we will need to incorporate what has been learned from an ecological understanding of model pest and natural enemy systems and integrate areawide landscape management with in-field pest management.

关键词： ecosystem services entomophagous arthropods integrated pest management (IPM) natural enemies pest control predators and parasitoids

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Assessing the impact of natural enemies in agroecosystems： toward ＂real＂ IPM or in quest of the Holy Grail？

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Insect Science 2015年第1期22卷 1-5页

作者： Myron P. Zalucki Michael J. Furlong Nancy A. Schellhorn sarina macfadyen Andrew P. Davies School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences and Sustain-able Agriculture Flagship Brisbane QLD 4001 Australia CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences and Sustainable Agriculture Flagship CanberraACT 2601 Australia CSIRO Australian Cotton Research Institute (ACRI) Narrabri NSW 2390 Australia Saunders Havill Group Bowen HillsBrisbane QLD 4006 Australia.

Go to virtually any conference or symposium on insect pests and so called ＂Integrated Pest Management,＂ or IPM, is presented as the answer to all management problems. IPM is the textbook paradigm （e.g., Kogan, 1998; Pedigo, 2002; Pedigo ＆ Rice, 2009） that guides all aspects of insect pest management research and implementation （Zalucki et al., 2009）. In most cases the way IPM is put in to practice, as opposed to the textbook jargon could, somewhat cynically, be regarded as ＂incidental＂ to pesticide management. How did it come to this？

关键词： IPM 农业生态系统有害生物综合治理天敌评估管理问题综合防治农药管理

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Costal cartilage graft in Asian rhinoplasty: surgical techniques

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2019年第4期6卷 1-10页

作者： sarina Rajbhandari Chuan-Hsiang Kao Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Himal HospitalKathmandu 44600Nepal Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Tri-Service General HospitalTaipei 11490Taiwan.

Asian rhinoplasty is a very common cosmetic *** Asians desire a higher nasal bridge,for which they undergo several procedures,including filler injections,implantations and insertion of *** encounter many patients who have had several procedures done on them *** this paper,we introduce the use of autologous grafts for Asian rhinoplasty(primary and secondary),and discuss the rib carving techniques and difficulties encountered during harvesting,carving and placements of grafts and how to overcome these problems and prevent complications.

关键词： Rhinoplasty costal cartilage Asians warping

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The feasible application ofmicrofluidic tissue/organ-on-a-chip as an impersonator of oral tissues and organs:a direction for future research

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2023年第4期6卷 478-506页

作者： Nima Farshidfar Sahar Assar Mohammad Amin Amiri sarina Sahmeddini Shahram Hamedani Moein Zarei Lobat Tayebi Orthodontic Research Center School of DentistryShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Section for Oral Ecology and Caries Control Department of Dentistry and Oral HealthAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark Student Research Committee Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Oral and Dental Disease Research Center School of DentistryShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Department of Polymer and Biomaterials Science Faculty of Chemical Technology and EngineeringWest Pomeranian University of TechnologySzczecinAl.Piastow 4571-311 SzczecinPoland Marquette University School of Dentistry MilwaukeeWI 53233USA

Currently,cell culture models play a key role in determining cell behavior under various ***,the accurate simulation of cellular behavior that imitates the body’s conditions remains a ***,to overcome this obstacle,three-dimensional cell culture models have been *** tissues/organs-on-chips(TOOCs)are new devices that have provided the opportunity to culture cells in a medium that is almost similar to the physiological conditions of the *** can be designed in simple or complex models,which are mostly fabricated by soft *** novel structures have been developed to mimic the conditions of various tissues and organs;however,microfluidic models for oral and dental tissues have not yet been widely *** application of TOOCs for oral tissues/organs can provide the opportunity to study cell interactions with biomaterials used in ***,TOOCs can provide the opportunity to study the cellular interactions and developmental stages of oral tissues/organs more *** review of the current advances in the field of TOOC development for oral tissues provides a comprehensive understanding of this burgeoning concept,shows the progress and applications of these novel models in the imitation of oral tissues/organs thus far,and reveals the limitations that TOOCs ***,it suggests further perspectives for future applications.

关键词： Microfluidics Tissue-on-a-chip Organ-on-a-chip Tooth-on-a-chip Oral mucosa-on-a-chip Salivary gland-on-a-chip

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Campus Vibration in Nanwangshan Campus,China University of Geosciences at Wuhan Monitored by Short-Period Seismometers

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Journal of Earth Science 2020年第5期31卷 950-956页

作者： Lihui Wu Dun Wang Ziguang Lei Jing Fu Shuai Min Xianbing Xu sarina Bao School of Management Hubei University of EducationWuhan 430205China Institute of Supply Chain Operation and Service Innovation Hubei University of EducationWuhan 430205China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of CaliforniaCA 95616USA

Continuous seismic observations can record seismic waveforms, and ambient noise, for the purposes of earthquake researches and other applications. Here we deploy three digital seismometers(EPS-2) in and around the Nanwangshan Campus of the China University of Geosciences(Wuhan). This network was running from April 9 to May 9 of 2018. During this period, the seismometers recorded the May 4, 2018 M6.9 Hawaii earthquake. From the recorded waveforms, we could observe clearly the P and S arrivals, and the corresponding particle motions. Analysis of continuous observations of ambient noise shows obvious fluctuation of vibration intensity inside of the campus. The campus is quietest from 0 to 5 am. From 5 am on, the vibration intensity increases, and reaches the peak of entire day at 12 am. The amplitude then decreases to a very low level at 19:30 to 20:00 pm, and reaches another strong noisy time at 21:00 to 21:30 pm. After 21:30 pm, the intensity goes down slowly. We also observed seismic signals that were generated by the interaction of speed-control hump cars and ground. By taking the envelope and smooth operations, we observe different characteristics for different car speeds, which suggests that seismic monitoring approaches can be used for speed measurement of cars. This kind of small seismic network running in a real time fashion, would greatly help understanding of the sources of ambient noise at high frequency bands in interested areas. Analysis of a long-term observed dataset, and real time illustration will help to strengthen campus security and high-precision laboratory deployments, and also contribute to research atmosphere in earthquake science.

关键词： ambient noise vibration intensity seismic waves seismometers human activity

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Bioactive glass selectively promotes cytotoxicity towards giant cell tumor of bone derived neoplastic stromal cells and induces MAPK signalling dependent autophagy

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第9期7卷 456-468页

作者： Joerg Fellenberg sarina Losch Burkhard Lehner Marcela Arango-Ospina Aldo RBoccaccini Fabian Westhauser Center for Orthopedics Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord InjuryHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Institute of Biomaterials Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Erlangen-NurembergGermany

Giant cell tumors of bone(GCTB)are associated with massive bone destructions and high recurrence *** a previous study,we observed cytotoxic effects of three different compositions of bioactive glasses(BGs)towards GCTSC but not bone marrow derived stromal cells(BMSC)indicating that BGs represent promising candidates for the development of new therapeutic *** the current study we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms that are involved in BG induced *** observed,that BG treatment was not associated with any signs of apoptosis,but rather led to a strong induction of mitogen activated protein kinases(MAPK)and,as a consequence,upregulation of several transcription factors specifically in *** wide gene expression profiling further revealed a set of fifteen genes that were exclusively induced in GCTSC or induced significantly stronger in GCTSC compared to *** treatment further induced autophagy that was significantly more pronounced in GCTSC compared to BMSC and could be inhibited by MAPK *** with the known osteogenic properties of BGs our findings support the suitability of BGs as therapeutic agents for the treatment of ***,these data have to be verified under in vivo conditions.

关键词： Bioactive glass Giant cell tumor of bone Mesenchymal stromal cells Mitogen-activated protein kinases Cytotoxicity Autophagy

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Specifying the role of BAK1-interacting receptor-like kinase 3 in brassinosteroid signaling

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第4期62卷 456-469页

作者： Ruth Groβeholz Anna Feldman-Salit Friederike Wanke sarina Schulze Nina Glockner Birgit Kemmerling Klaus Harter Ursula Kummer Centre for Organismal Studies/Bio Quant Heidelberg University69120 HeidelbergGermany Center for Plant Molecular Biology(ZMBP) University Tübingen72076 TubingenGermany

Brassinosteroids(BR) are involved in the control of several developmental processes ranging from root elongation to senescence and adaptation to environmental cues. Thus, BR perception and signaling have to be precisely regulated. One regulator is BRI1-associated kinase 1(BAK1)-interacting receptor-like kinase 3(BIR3). In the absence of BR, BIR3 forms complexes with BR insensitive 1(BRI1) and ***, the biophysical and energetic requirements for complex formation in the absence of the ligand have yet to be determined. Using computational modeling, we simulated the potential complexes between the cytoplasmic domains of BAK1, BRI1 and BIR3. Our calculations and experimental data confirm the interaction of BIR3 Rewith BAK1 and BRI1, with the BAK1 BIR3 interaction clearly favored. Furthermore, we demonstrate that BIR3 and BRI1 share the same interaction site with BAK1. This suggests a competition between BIR3 and BRI1 for binding to BAK1, which results in preferential binding of BIR3 to BAK1 in the absence of the ligand thereby preventing the active participation of BAK1 in BR signaling. Our model also suggests that BAK1 and BRI1 can interact even while BAK1 is in complex with BIR3 at an additional binding site of BAK1 that does not allow active BR signaling.

关键词： BAK1 interaction interacting

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Exosomes and chronic rhinosinusitis

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2018年第3期4卷 175-178页

作者： sarina K. Mueller Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU) Department of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck SurgeryWaldstrasse 191054ErlangenGermany Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Harvard Medical School243 Charles Street02114BostonUSA

The objective of this manuscripts to review current knowledge regarding exosomes as they relate to the physiology and pathology of the human nose as well as their role as biomarkers of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Exosomes are 30-150 nm membrane-bound vesicles secreted by virtually all cell types. Exosomes contribute to the rapid inter-epithelial transfer of proteins and mediate innate immunosurveillance and defense mechanisms in the human nasal cavity. Exosomes also protect their cell specific cargo from degradation by nucleases and proteases and mirrorCRS related tissue protein perturbations more effectively than whole mucus. Thus, exosomal isolation and analysis may be used to non-invasively monitor disease severity, prognosis, and potentially even treatment response. Recent studies of exosomes in CRS suggest they can be used to study the immunopathology of chronic sinonasal inflammation. Furthermore, their relative accessibility suggests that exosomal proteomescan be used as non-invasive, serial, and quantitative biosignatures for rhinosinusitis that can be sampled in clinic in order to predict disease severity, prognosis, and treatment response. Exosomal research has also led to important revelations regarding their physiologic function as they seem to play an important role in innate immunosurveillance and defense. However, exosomal research is still nascent and cost-effectiveness as well as feasibility of implementation in the routine workup for CRS have to be further explored.

关键词： Exosomes sinusitis nasal

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