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Reprogramming cells with synthetic proteins

Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第3期17卷 394-402页

作者： Xiaoxiao Yang Vikas malik Ralf Jauch Genome Regulation Laboratory Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences 190 Kai Yuan Avenue Science Park Guangzhou China

Conversion of one cell type into another cell type by forcibly expressing specific cocktails of transcription factors （TFs） has demonstrated that cell fates are not fixed and that cellular differentiation can be a two-way street with many intersections. These experiments also illustrated the sweeping potential of TFs to ＂read＂ genetically hardwired regulatory information even in cells where they are not normally expressed and to access and open up tightly packed chromatin to execute gene expression programs. Cellular reprogramming enables the modeling of diseases in a dish, to test the efficacy and toxicity of drugs in patient-derived cells and ultimately, could enable cell-based therapies to cure degenerative diseases. Yet, producing terminally differentiated cells that fully resemble their in vivo counterparts in sufficient quantities is still an unmet clinical need. While efforts are being made to reprogram cells nongeneticaUy by using *** molecules, defined TF cocktails still dominate reprogramming protocols. Therefore; the optimization of TFs by protein engineering has emerged as a strategy to enhance reprogramming to produce functional, stable and safe cells for regenerative biomedicine. Engineering approaches focused on Oct4, MyoD, Sox17, Nanog and Mef2c and range from chimeric TFs with added transactivation domains, designer transcription activator-like effectors to activate endogenous TFs to reprogramming TFs with rationally engineered DNA recognition principles. Possibly, applying the complete toolkit of protein design to cellular reprogramming can help to remove the hurdles that, thus far, impeded the clinical use of cells derived from reprogramming technologies.

关键词： cellular reprogramming protein design protein engineering synthetic transcription factors transactivation

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Exact solutions of MHD second Stokes flow of generalized Burgers fluid

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2015年第2期36卷 211-224页

作者： M.KHAN R.malik A.ANJUM Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University

This work concerns with the exact solutions of magnetohydrodynamic（MHD）flow of generalized Burgers fluid describing the second Stokes problem. The modified Darcy law is taken into account. The related velocity distribution and shear stress are expressed as a combination of steady-state and transient solutions computed by means of integral transformations. The effects of various parameters on the flow field are investigated. The MHD flow results in reduction of velocity distribution and associated thickness of the boundary layer.

关键词： generalized Burgers fluid magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) flow porous medium exact solution

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Reduced bit low power VLSI architectures for motion estimation

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2013年第3期24卷 382-399页

作者： Shahrukh Agha Shahid Khan Shahzad malik Raja Riaz Department of Electrical Engineering COMSATS Institute of Information Technology

Low power and real time very large scale integration （VLSI） architectures of motion estimation （ME） algorithms for mobile devices and applications are presented. The power reduction is achieved by devising a novel correction recovery mechanism based on algorithms which allow the use of reduced bit sum of absolute difference （RBSAD） metric for calculating matching error and conversion to full resolution sum of absolute difference （SAD） metric whenever necessary. Parallel and pipelined architectures for high throughput of full search ME corresponding to both the full resolution SAD and the generalized RBSAD algorithm are synthe- sized using Xilinx Synthesis Tools （XST）, where the ME designs based on reduced bit （RB） algorithms demonstrate the reduction in power consumption up to 45% and/or the reduction in area up to 38%.

关键词： motion estimation (ME) very large scale integration (VLSI) reduced bit sum of absolute difference (RBSAD).

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Fault Detection for Microgrid Feeders Using Features Based on Superimposed Positive-sequence Power

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第6期11卷 1948-1958页

作者： Salauddin Ansari Om Hari Gupta Om P.malik Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyJamshedpur 831014India IEEE Department of Electrical and Software Engineering University of Calgary2500 University Drive NWCalgary Alberta T2N 1N4Canada

With the integration of distributed generation(DG) into a microgrid, fault detection has become a major task to accomplish. A scheme for microgrid feeder protection based on a newly proposed feature, ΔRP, defined as the ratio of the sum of positive-sequence real power(PSRP) at the two ends of the feeder to the larger of the PSRPs among the two ends, is proposed. If ΔRP is larger than a threshold, an internal fault is detected;otherwise, the fault is external or there is no fault. The proposed scheme is tested in various scenarios, including fault type, fault resistance, fault location, fault inception angle, varying DG penetration levels, and simultaneous, evolving, and composite faults. In addition to this, the proposed scheme offers a robust performance when subjected to noise, synchronization error, changes in sampling frequency, and changes in the topology of a microgrid. The dominancy of the proposed scheme is proven by a comprehensive comparative study with various available recent schemes. Test results on the IEEE 13-bus network indicate the viability of the proposed protection scheme for a microgrid. Finally, the proposed scheme has been validated on a real-time simulator.

关键词： Fault detection distributed generation microgrid protection superimposed power

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A Correlation Visual Analytics System for Air Quality

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2018年第5期27卷 920-926页

作者： DU Yi Abish malik ZHOU Lianke ZHOU Yuanchun Department of Big Data Technology and Application Development Computer Network Information CenterChinese Academy of Sciences

A visual analytics system is proposed to reveal the lead/lag correlation when air pollution is detected. In this system, an Overview + Detail approach is utilized for analyzing the correlation of air quality under both the spatial and temporal dimensions and different spatial-temporal scales. An annular container is proposed to preserve the context spatial information while the zoom level of the map changes. Based on the annular container, several analysis techniques such as STL decomposition view and correlation algorithm are integrated.

关键词： Spatial-temporal visualization Time series visualization Correlation analysis Air pollution

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Real-time visual inspection system for grading fruits using computer vision and deep learning techniques

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2022年第1期9卷 24-37页

作者： Nazrul Ismail Owais A.malik Digital Science Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Brunei DarussalamJln Tungku LinkGadong BE1410Brunei Darussalam

Traditional manual visual grading of fruits has been one of the important challenges faced by the agricultural industry due to its laborious nature as well as inconsistency in inspec-tion and classification *** defects detection using computer vision and machine learning has become a promising area of research with a high and direct impact on the domain of visual *** this study,we propose an efficient and effective machine vision system based on the state-of-the-art deep learning techniques and stack-ing ensemble methods to offer a non-destructive and cost-effective solution for automat-ing the visual inspection of fruits’freshness and *** trained,tested and compared the performance of various deep learning models including ResNet,DenseNet,MobileNetV2,NASNet and EfficientNet to find the best model for the grading of *** proposed system also provides a real time visual inspection using a low cost Raspberry Pi module with a camera and a touchscreen display for user *** real time sys-tem efficiently segments multiple instances of the fruits from an image and then grades the individual objects(fruits)*** system was trained and tested on two data sets(apples and bananas)and the average accuracy was found to be 99.2% and 98.6% using EfficientNet model for apples and bananas test sets,***,a slight improvement in the recognition rate(0.03% for apples and 0.06% for bananas)was noted while applying the stacking ensemble deep learning *** performance of the developed system has been found higher than the existing methods applied to the same data sets ***,during real-time testing on actual samples,the accuracy was found to be 96.7% for apples and 93.8% for bananas which indicates the efficacy of the developed system.

关键词： Deep learning Fruit classification Computer vision Real-time system Raspberry Pi Agriculture

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On the applicability of various levels of detail for occupant behavior representation and modeling in building performance simulation

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建筑模拟(英文) 2023年第8期16卷 1481-1498页

作者： Jeetika malik Handi Chandra Putra Kaiyu Sun Tianzhen Hong Building Technology and Urban System Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Occupant behavior(OB)is one of the significant sources of uncertainty in building performance *** OB modeling has received increased attention in the past decade,research on the degree of granularity or level of detail(LoD)required for representing occupants is still in the nascent *** paper analyzes the modeling and applicability of three LoDs to represent occupants in building performance assessment.A medium-sized prototype office building located in Chicago,Illinois is used as the simulation case *** occupant-centric attributes are adopted to develop the LoDs for OB *** first demonstrate the different modeling approaches required for simulating the three fidelity ***,we illustrate the suitability of the developed LoDs in supporting six building performance use cases across different lifecycle *** study intends to provide guidance for the building simulation community on appropriate OB representation to support various use cases.

关键词： occupant behavior agent-based modeling building performance simulation level of detail fit-for-purpose office buildings

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Effect of Plasma Density on Proton Acceleration in a Rectangular Waveguide

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Plasma Science and Technology 2004年第5期6卷 2456-2458页

作者： Hitendra K.malik Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi-110016Indianalytical studies are made for the proton acceleration during its motion in thefields of the fundamental mode excited by a high-intensity microwave in a rectangular waveguidewhen the proton is injected along the propagating direction of the mode. The trajectory of theproton is calculated and the expressions are obtained for the energy gain and acceleration gradienttogether with the effects of plasma density microwave frequency and waveguide width. Energygain of 181 keV is attained by a 50 keV proton in a 0.015m×0.020 m evacuated waveguide when0.5×10~(10)W/m~2 microwave intensity is used. However this gain increases to 1387 keV whenthe waveguide is filled with a plasma having a density of 1.0×10~(19) m~(-3). Higher accelerationgradients are achieved when the proton is injected with a higher initial energy and also when themicrowave intensity increases. The effects of the microwave frequency and width of the waveguideare found to decrease the acceleration gradient.

Analytical studies are made for the proton acceleration during its motion inthe fields of the fundamental mode excited by a high-intensity microwave in a rectangular waveguide,when the proton is injected along the propagating direction of the mode. The trajectory of theproton is calculated and the expressions are obtained for the energy gain and acceleration gradienttogether with the effects of plasma density, microwave frequency and waveguide width. Energy gain of181 keV is attained by a 50 keV proton in a 0.015m x 0.020 m evacuated waveguide when 0.5 x 10^(10)W/m^2 microwave intensity is used. However, this gain increases to 1387 keV when the waveguide isfilled with a plasma having a density of 1.0 x 10^(19) m^(-3). Higher acceleration gradients areachieved when the proton is injected with a higher initial energy and also when the microwaveintensity increases. The effects of the microwave frequency and width of the waveguide are found todecrease the acceleration gradient.

关键词： proton acceleration microwave fundamental mode

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Remimazolam for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 385-395页

作者： Dushyant Singh Dahiya Ganesh Kumar Syeda Parsa Manesh Kumar Gangwani Hassam Ali Amir Humza Sohail Saqr Alsakarneh Umar Hayat Sheza malik Yash R Shah Bhanu Siva Mohan Pinnam Sahib Singh Islam Mohamed Adishwar Rao Saurabh Chandan Mohammad Al-Haddad Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityMO 66160United States Department of Internal Medicine Chandka Medical CollegeSindh 77280Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Arkansas For Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionEast Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64108United States Department of Internal Medicine Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical CenterWilkes BarrePA 18711United States Department of Internal Medicine Rochester General HospitalRochesterNY 14621United States Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Department of Internal Medicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Internal Medicine Sinai hospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States Department of Hepatology University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211United States Department of Internal Medicine Guthrie Robert Packer HospitalSayrePA 18840United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Creighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68131United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States

Worldwide,a majority of routine endoscopic procedures are performed under some form of sedation to maximize patient ***,benzodiazepines and opioids continue to be widely ***,in recent years,Remimazolam is gaining immense popularity for procedural sedation in gastrointestinal(GI)*** is an ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine sedative which was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in July 2020 for use in procedural *** has shown a favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile in terms of its non-specific metabolism by tissue esterase,volume of distribution,total body clearance,and negligible drug-drug *** also has satisfactory efficacy and has achieved high rates of successful sedation in GI ***,studies have demonstrated that the efficacy of Remimazolam is non-inferior to Propofol,which is currently a gold standard for procedural sedation in most parts of the ***,the use of Propofol is associated with hemodynamic instability and respiratory *** contrast,Remimazolam has lower incidence of these adverse effects intra-procedurally and hence,may provide a safer alternative to Propofol in procedural *** this comprehensive narrative review,highlight the pharmacologic characteristics,efficacy,and safety of Remimazolam for procedural *** also discuss the potential of Remimazolam as a suitable alternative and how it can shape the future of procedural sedation in gastroenterology.

关键词： Remimazolam Endoscopy Sedation Outcomes Efficacy Safety Pharmacokinetics

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Hopf bifurcation and chaos in a Leslie–Gower prey–predator model with discrete delays

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2020年第6期13卷 135-161页

作者： Anuraj Singh Preeti Pradeep malik ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management Gwalior M.P.India Department of Mathematics University of Petroleum Energy Studies DehradunUttarakhandIndia

In this work,a Leslie–Gower prey-predator model with two discrete delays has been *** positivity,boundedness and persistence of the delayed system have been *** system exhibits the phenomenon of Hopf bifurcation with respect to both *** conditions for occurrence of Hopf bifurcation are obtained for different combinations of *** is shown that delay induces the complexity in the system and brings the periodic oscillations,quasi-periodic oscillations and *** properties of periodic solution have been determined using central manifold and normal form ***,the global stability of the system has been established for different cases of discrete *** numerical computation has also been performed to verify analytical results.

关键词： Discrete delays limit cycle global stability Hopf bifurcation chaotic behavior

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