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poor maternal nutrition inhibits muscle development in ovine offspring

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第1期6卷 79-89页

作者： sarah A Reed Joseline S Raja Maria L Hoffman Steven A Zinn Kristen E Govoni Department of Animal Science University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA

Background： Maternal over and restricted nutrition has negative consequences on the muscle of offspring by reducing muscle fiber number and altering regulators of muscle growth. To determine if over and restricted maternal nutrition affected muscle growth and gene fed 60%, 100% or 140% of National Research Council and protein expression in offspring, 36 pregnant ewes were requirements from d 31 ＋ 1,3 of gestation until parturition. Lambs from control-fed （CON）, restricted-fed （RES） or over-fed （OVER） ewes were necropsied within 1 d of birth （n = 18） or maintained on a control diet for 3 mo （n = ] 5）. Semitendinosus muscle was collected for immunohistochemistry, and protein and gene expression analysis. Results： Compared with CON, muscle fiber cross-sectional area （CSA） increased in RES （58%） and OVER （47%） lambs at 1 d of age （p〈 0.01）; however at 3 mo, CSA decreased 15% and 17% compared with CON, respectively （p 〈 0.01）. Compared with CON, muscle lipid content was increased in OVER （212.4%） and RES （92.5%） at d 1 （p 〈 0.0001）. Muscle lipid content was increased 36.1% in OVER and decreased 23.6% in RES compared with CON at 3 mo （p 〈 0.0001）. At d 1, myostatin mRNA abundance in whole muscle tended to be greater in OVER （p = 0.07） than CON. Follistatin mRNA abundance increased in OVER （p = 0.04） and tended to increase in RES （p = 0.06） compared with CON at d 1. However, there was no difference in myostatin or follistatin protein expression （p 〉 0.3）. phosphorylated Akt （ser473） was increased in RES at 3 mo compared with CON （p = 0.006）. Conclusions： In conclusion, maternal over and restricted nutrient intake alters muscle lipid content and growth of offspring, possibly through altered gene and protein expression.

关键词： Growth Maternal nutrition Muscle development Sheep

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Hygiene status of blueberry harvest containers cleaned and sanitized with various approaches

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Food Bioscience 2023年第2期52卷 886-891页

作者： Yaxi Dai Renee Holland sarah Doane Wei Qiang Yang Jinru Chen Department of Food Science and Technology The University of GeorgiaGriffinGA30223-1797USA Southeast District Blueberry Research and Demonstration Farm AlmaGA31510USA Department of Horticulture and North Willamette Research and Extension Center Oregon State UniversityAuroraOR97002USA

This study examined the hygiene status of blueberry harvest containers cleaned/sanitized with various *** of four blueberry facilities in Georgia or Oregon was visited twice during the 2021 harvest *** samples from used berry lugs(UL),cleaned/sanitized lugs(CL),used handpicking buckets(UB),and cleaned/sanitized buckets(CB)in Georgia(n=160)and from used berry flats(UF)and cleaned/sanitized flats(CF)as well as UB and CB in Oregon(n=160)were *** populations of total aerobes(TA),total yeasts and molds(YM),and total coliforms(TC),as well as the incidences of fecal coliforms(FC),and enterococci(EC)were *** Georgia,the UL and UB had significantly(p<0.05)higher TA and YM counts than their cleaned/sanitized *** and EC were detected in 1.3%or 3.8%of the *** Oregon,UB had significantly higher mean YM and TC counts than *** and EC were detected in 3.8%or 10.6%of the *** soaked in chlorinated water with manual washing/scrubbing seemed cleaner than those washed in a washing machine with un-chlorinated *** of water in the washing machine after each use was,nevertheless,more effective than manual washing.

关键词： Fresh blueberry Harvest container Hygiene indicator pathogen indicator Sanitation

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potential immunomodulatory role of sesamin in combating immune dysregulation associated with COVID-19

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2021年第10期11卷 421-428页

作者： Amin F.Majdalawieh sarah M.Yousef Imad A.Abu-Yousef Department of Biology Chemistryand Environmental SciencesCollege of Arts and SciencesAmerican University of SharjahSharjahP.O.Box 26666United Arab Emirates

The ongoing outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has caused an unprecedented global health *** of a cure for this devastating disease is currently at full speed,with several vaccines against COVID-19 already authorized and ***,demand for these vaccines far exceeds *** such,boosting immunity represents a viable route to halt the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 and limit fatalities until vaccines become more readily and widely *** use of phytochemicals appears to be a promising ***,a lignan isolated from Sesamum indicum seeds,is known for its potent pharmacological properties,and is therefore hypothesized as a potential candidate in the therapeutic regimen against ***,we highlight the confirmed therapeutic anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory potential of sesamin against myriads of respiratory disorders,and tentatively suggest that sesamin may exert similar potent effects against ***,we speculate that sesamin may help alleviate COVID-19 via restoring Th1/Th2 balance and preventing inflammation and cytokine storm ***,we further support the promising role of sesamin against COVID-19 by underscoring the direct evidence,which suggests that sesamin may demonstrate promising inhibitory potential against three important SARS-CoV-2 targets,namely main protease,spike protein,and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 *** preliminary,there is ample evidence to propose sesamin as a potential phytotherapeutic and prophylactic candidate against *** in vitro,in vivo,and preclinical studies are required to further substantiate the role of sesamin in the prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19.

关键词： Sesamin SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Immunomodulation Anti-inflammatory Cytokine storm Th1/Th2 balance

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Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on depressive symptoms in patients with substance use disorders:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Frontiers of Nursing 2023年第2期10卷 145-162页

作者： Chuntana Reangsing Sasinun pusuwun Suneerat Boonsin sarah Oerther School of Nursing Mae Fah Laung UniversityChiangrai 57100Thailand School of Nursing University of PhayaoPhayao 56000Thailand Boromarajonani College of Nursing Saraburi Faculty of NursingPraboromarajchanok InstituteMinistry of Public HealthSaraburi 18000Thailand Trudy Busch Valentine School of Nursing Saint Louis UniversityMO 63104USA

Objective:We examined the effects of mindfulness-based interventions(MBIs)on depressive symptoms in patients with substance use disorders(SUDs)and explored the moderating effects of participant,method,and intervention ***:We systematically searched 8 databases from their inception till November *** inclusion criteria were primary studies evaluating MBIs in patients with SUDs with depression measured as an outcome,those including a control group,and those written in *** used a random-effects model to compute effect sizes(ESs)using Hedges’g,a forest plot,and Q and I2 statistics as measures of heterogeneity;we also examined moderator ***:Nineteen studies included 1352 participants(age:38.6±7.0 years).Overall,MBIs showed significantly improved depression(g=0.67,95%conﬁdence interval[CI]:0.29,1.05,I2=89%)compared to *** regard to moderators,providing MBIs as an individual plus group intervention had a greater effect(g=2.13)on reducing depressive symptoms than providing MBIs as a group intervention(g=0.64)or an individual intervention only(g=0.33,p=0.034).Using concealed allocation tended to reduce depressive symptoms(g=1.22)as compared to not using concealed allocation(g=0.48,p=0.086).No other quality indicators were demonstrated to have a moderating influence on the value of the ***:MBIs improved depressive symptoms in patients with *** might be used as an adjunctive or alternative to conventional treatment for depressed patients with SUDs.

关键词： depression meditation mindfulness patients with substance use disorders systematic review and meta-analysis

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Intrahepatic natural killer T cell populations are increased in human hepatic steatosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第13期17卷 1725-1731页

作者： Michael Adler sarah Taylor Kamalu Okebugwu Herman Yee Christine Fielding George Fielding Michael poles New York University School of Medicine New York NY 10016 United States

AIM: To determine if natural killer T cell (NKT) populations are affected in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS: patients undergoing bariatric surgery underwent liver biopsy and blood sampling during surgery. The biopsy was assessed for steatosis and immunocyte infiltration. Intrahepatic lymphocytes (IHLs) were isolated from the remainder of the liver biopsy, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pBMCs) were isolated from the blood. Expression of surface proteins on both IHLs and pBMCs were quantified using flow cytometry. RESULTS: Twenty-seven subjects participated in thisstudy. Subjects with moderate or severe steatosis had a higher percentage of intrahepatic CD3+/CD56+ NKT cells (38.6%) than did patients with mild steatosis (24.1%, p = 0.05) or those without steatosis (21.5%, p = 0.03). patients with moderate to severe steatosis also had a higher percentage of NKT cells in the blood (12.3%) as compared to patients with mild steatosis (2.5% p = 0.02) and those without steatosis (5.1%, p = 0.05). CONCLUSION: NKT cells are significantly increased in the liver and blood of patients with moderate to severe steatosis and support the role of NKT cells in NAFLD.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Natural killer T cells Natural killer T-like cells Lymphocytes Hepatic steatosis

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EfficientNetB1 Deep Learning Model for Microscopic Lung Cancer Lesion Detection and Classification Using Histopathological Images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 809-825页

作者： Rabia Javed Tanzila Saba Tahani Jaser Alahmadi sarah Al-Otaibi Bayan AlGhofaily Amjad Rehman Department of Computer Science Lahore College for Women UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Artificial Intelligence&Data Analytics Lab. CCIS Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh145111Saudi Arabia

Cancer poses a significant threat due to its aggressive nature,potential for widespread metastasis,and inherent heterogeneity,which often leads to resistance to *** cancer ranks among the most prevalent forms of cancer worldwide,affecting individuals of all *** and accurate lung cancer detection is critical for improving cancer patients’treatment outcomes and survival *** examinations for lung cancer detection,however,frequently fall short of detecting small polyps and *** address these limitations,computer-aided techniques for lung cancer detection prove to be invaluable resources for both healthcare practitioners and patients *** research implements an enhanced EfficientNetB1 deep learning model for accurate detection and classification using histopathological *** proposed technique accurately classifies the histopathological images into three distinct classes:(1)no cancer(benign),(2)adenocarcinomas,and(3)squamous cell *** evaluated the performance of the proposed technique using the histopathological(LC25000)lung *** preprocessing steps,such as image resizing and augmentation,are followed by loading a pretrained model and applying transfer *** dataset is then split into training and validation sets,with fine-tuning and retraining performed on the training *** model’s performance is evaluated on the validation dataset,and the results of lung cancer detection and classification into three classes are *** study’s findings show that an enhanced model achieves exceptional classification accuracy of 99.8%.

关键词： Colon cancer EfficientNetB1 histopathological image processing transfer learning health risks

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Burn recidivism:a 10-year retrospective study characterizing patients with repeated burn injuries at a large tertiary referral burn center in the United States

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Burns & Trauma 2019年第1期7卷 75-84页

作者： sarah L.Laughon Bradley N.Gaynes Lori p.Chrisco Samuel W.Jones Felicia N.Williams Bruce A.Cairns Gary J.Gala Department of psychiatry 101 Manning DriveCB#7160Chapel HillNC 27599-7160USA Department of Surgery 4001 Burnett-Womack BuildingCB#7050Chapel HillNC 27599-7050USA North Carolina Jaycee Burn Center 101 Manning DriveCB#7206Chapel HillNC 27599-7600USA

Background:psychiatric and substance use disorders are common among trauma and burn patients and are known risk factors for repeat episodes of trauma,known as trauma *** epidemiology of burn recidivism,specifically,has not been *** study aimed to characterize cases of burn recidivism at a large US tertiary care burn center and compare burn recidivists(RCs)with non-recidivists(NRCs).Methods:A 10-year retrospective descriptive cohort study of adult burn patients admitted to the North Carolina Jaycee Burn Center was conducted using data from an electronic burn registry and the medical *** variables were reported using medians and interquartile ranges(IQR).Chi-square and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare demographic,burn,and hospitalization characteristics between NRCs and ***:A total of 7134 burn patients were admitted,among which 51(0.7%)were RCs and accounted for 129(1.8%)*** the 51 RCs,37 had two burn injuries each,totaling 74 admissions as a group,while the remaining 14 RCs had between three and eight burn injuries each,totaling 55 admissions as a *** to NRCs,RCs were younger(median age 36 years vs.42 years,p=0.02)and more likely to be white(75%vs.60%,p=0.03),uninsured(45%vs.30%,p=0.02),have chemical burns(16%vs.5%,pp=0.001).The mortality rate for RCs *** did not differ(0%vs.1.2%,p=0.41).psychiatric and substance use disorders were approximately five times greater among RCs compared to NRCs(75%vs.15%,ppital charges per patient were nearly three times higher for RCs ***($85,736 vs.$32,023,ppsychiatric and medical conditions that contribute to increased health care u

关键词： Burn recidivism Consult psychiatry Substance use disorder Repeat burn injury

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Evaluation of age, weaning weight, body condition score, and reproductive tract score in pre-selected beef heifers relative to reproductive potential

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第2期10卷 307-313页

作者： sarah E.Dickinson Michelle F.Elmore Lisa Kriese-ANDerson Joshua B.Elmore Bailey N.Walker paul W.Dyce Soren p.Rodning Fernando H.Biase 1Department of Animal Sciences Auburn University559 Devall DrAuburnAL 36839USA.2Alabama Cooperative Extension SystemAuburnALUSA.

Background: Artificial insemination is a preferred breeding method for beef heifers as it advances the genetic background, produces a predictive and profitable calving season, and extends the heifer’s reproductive life *** reproductive efficiency in heifers is key for the success of beef cattle production systems, following artificial insemination, heifers are exposed to a bull for the remainder of the breeding season. Altogether, up to 95% of heifers might become pregnant in their first breeding season. Heifers that do not become pregnant at the end of the breeding season represent an irreparable economical loss. Additionally, heifers conceiving late in the breeding season to natural service, although acceptable, poses serious losses to producers. To minimize losses due to reproductive failure, different phenotypic parameters can be assessed and utilized as selection tools. Here, we tested the hypothesis that in a group of pre-selected heifers, records of weaning weight, age at weaning, age at artificial insemination, and age of dam differ among heifers of varied reproductive outcomes during the first breeding ***: None of the parameters tested presented predictive ability to discriminate the heifers based on the response variable(‘pregnant to artificial insemination’, ‘pregnant to natural service’, ‘not pregnant’). Heifers categorized with body condition score = 6 and reproductive tract score ≥ 4 had the greatest proportion of pregnancy to artificial insemination(49% and 44%, respectively). Furthermore, it was notable that heifers presenting body condition score = 6 and reproductive tract score = 5 presented the greatest pregnancy rate at end of the breeding season(89%). Heifers younger than 368 d at the start of the breeding season did not become pregnant to artificial insemination. Those young heifers had 12.5% chance to become pregnant in their first breeding season,compared to 87.5% if the heifers were older than 368 ***: Our results

关键词： Fertility phenotypic selection pregnancy outcome Replacement heifer

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Effects of soil warming history on the performances of congeneric temperate and boreal herbaceous plant species and their associations with soil biota

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Journal of plant Ecology 2017年第4期10卷 670-680页

作者： Madhav p.Thakur peter B.Reich Cameron Wagg Nicholas A.Fisichelli Marcel Ciobanu sarah E.Hobbie Roy L.Rich Artur Stefanski Nico Eisenhauer German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig MitteDeutscher Platz 5E04103 LeipzigGermany Institute of Biology Leipzig UniversityJohannisallee 2104103 LeipzigGermany Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota1530 North Cleveland AvenueSt.PaulMN 55108USA Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment University of Western SydneyPenrithNew South Wales 2751Australia Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 190CH-8057 ZurichSwitzerland Forest Ecology program Schoodic Institute at Acadia National ParkWinter HarborME 04693USA Institute of Biological Research Branch of the National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences48 Republicii Street400015 Cluj-NapocaRomania Department of Ecology Evolutionand BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA

Aims Climate warming raises the probability of range expansions of warm-adapted temperate species into areas currently dominated by cold-adapted boreal ***-induced plant range expansions could partly depend on how warming modifies relationships with soil biota that promote plant growth,such as by mineralizing ***,we grew two pairs of congeneric herbaceous plants spe-cies together in soil with a 5-year warming history(ambient,+1.7℃,+3.4℃)and related their performances to plant-beneficial soil *** Each plant pair belonged to either the mid-latitude temperate climate or the higher latitude southern boreal *** soils were extracted from a chamberless heating experiment at two field sites in the temperate-boreal ecotone of North *** isolate poten-tial effects of different soil warming histories,air temperature for the greenhouse experiment was identical across *** hypothesized that soil with a 5-year warming history in the field would enhance the performance of temperate plant species more than boreal plant species and expected improved plant performances to have positive associations with plant growth-promoting soil biota(microbial-feeding nematodes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi).Important Findings Our main hypothesis was partly confirmed as only one temperate spe-cies performed better in soil with warming history than in soil with his-tory of ambient ***,this effect was restricted to the site with higher soil water content in the growing season of the sampling year(prior to soil collection).One of the boreal species performed con-sistently worse in previously warmed soil,whereas the other species showed neutral responses to soil warming *** found a positive correlation between the density of microbial-feeding nematodes and the performance of one of the temperate species in previously wetter soils,but this correlation was negative at the site with previously drier *** found no signific

关键词： seedling emergence soil biota range shift ecotone Aster cordifolius

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Long-term mental health outcomes after unintentional burns sustained during childhood:a retrospective cohort study

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Burns & Trauma 2018年第4期6卷 269-278页

作者： Janine M.Duke Sean M.Randall Thirthar p.Vetrichevvel sarah McGarry James H.Boyd Suzanne Rea Fiona M.Wood Burn Injury Research Unit Faculty Health and Medical SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaM31835 Stirling HighwayCrawleyPerthWestern Australia 6009Australia Centre for Data Linkage Curtin UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Curtin Medical School Curtin UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia School of Occupational Therapy Social work and Speech pathology Curtin UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Burns Service of Western Australia Royal Perth Hospital and Princess Margaret HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia

Background:Burns are a devastating injury that can cause physical and psychological issues. Limited data exist on long-term mental health (MH) after unintentional burns sustained during childhood. This study assessed long-term MH admissions after paediatric burns. Methods:This retrospective cohort study included all children (pitalised for a first burn (n=11,967) in Western Australia, 1980–2012, and a frequency matched uninjured comparison cohort (n=46,548). Linked hospital, MH and death data were examined. Multivariable negative binomial regression modelling was used to generate incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95%confidence intervals (CI). Results:The burn cohort had a significantly higher adjusted rate of post-burn MH admissions compared to the uninjured cohort (IRR, 95%CI:2.55, 2.07–3.15). post-burn MH admission rates were twice as high for those younger than 5 years at index burn (IRR, 95%CI 2.06, 1.54–2.74), three times higher for those 5–9 years and 15–18 years (IRR, 95%CI:3.21, 1.92–5.37 and 3.37, 2.13–5.33, respectively) and almost five times higher for those aged 10–14 (IRR, 95%CI:4.90, 3.10–7.76), when compared with respective ages of uninjured children. The burn cohort had higher admission rates for mood and anxiety disorders (IRR, 95%CI:2.79, 2.20–3.53), psychotic disorders (IRR, 95%CI:2.82, 1.97–4.03) and mental and behavioural conditions relating to drug and alcohol abuse (IRR, 95%CI:4.25, 3.39–5.32). Conclusions:Ongoing MH support is indicated for paediatric burn patients for a prolonged period after discharge to potentially prevent psychiatric morbidity and associated academic, social and psychological issues.

关键词： paediatric burns Depression Anxiety Substance abuse Longitudinal study Mental health

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