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Matern.l an. in.an. vitamin.D status durin. lactation. Is latitude importan.?

Health 2013年第12期5卷 2004-2013页

作者： Carol L. Wagn.r Cyn.hia R. Howard Thomas C. Hulsey Ruth A. Lawren.e Myla Ebelin. Judy Shary Pamela G. Smith Kristen.Morella sarah n. taylor Bruce W. Hollis Departmen. of Pediatrics Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA Departmen. of Pediatrics University of Rochester Rochester New York USA

Backgroun.: The effect of latitude on.matern.l an. in.an. vitamin.D status durin. lactation.is presumed to be stron.ly associated with higher rates of deficien.y in.those livin. at higher latitudes, yet with lifestyle chan.es, this con.lusion.may n. lon.er be correct. Objective: To ascertain.if higher latitude adversely affects the vitamin.D status of lactatin. women.an. their fully breastfeedin. in.an.s. Study Design.Methods: Fully breastfeedin. women.an. their in.an.s were eligible for participation.in.this study as part of a larger prospective vitamin.D supplemen.ation.trial. Women.were recruited from two sites of differin. latitude: Charleston. SC at 32°n.an. Rochester, n. at latitude 43°n. Matern.l an. in.an. baselin. vitamin.D status, in.act parathyroid hormon. (IPTH), serum calcium an. phosphorus as a fun.tion.of site/latitude were measured. The primary outcome was matern.l an. in.an. total circulatin. 25(OH)D at baselin. by cen.er/latitude, an. the secon.ary outcome was the percen. of women.an. in.an.s who had achieved a baselin. con.en.ration.of at least 20 n./mL, meetin. the In.titute of Medicin.’s defin.tion.of sufficien.y at 4 to 6 weeks postpartum. Statistical an.lysis was performed usin. SAS version.9.3. Results: Higher latitude adversely affected vitamin.D status on.y in.lactatin. Caucasian.women. African.American.an. Hispan.c women.an. in.an.s livin. in.Rochester compared to Charleston.had improved vitamin.D status, an.effect that was n. lon.er sign.fican. when.con.rollin. for socioecon.mic factors an. season. Overall, there was a sign.fican. vitamin.D deficien.y at baselin. in.lactatin. mothers, an. a far greater deficien.y in.their in.an.s. Matern.l baselin. 25(OH)D con.en.ration.remain.d positively associated with bein. Caucasian. BMI an. summer mon.hs. Breastfeedin. in.an. vitamin.D status mirrored matern.l status an. remain.d positively associated with bein. Caucasian.an. summer mon.hs. Those in.an.s who had been.on.a vitamin.D supplemen. at the

关键词： Vitamin D Cholecalciferol Lactation Latitude

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In.ividual differen.es in.boldn.ss positively correlate with heart rate in.orb-weavin. spiders of gen.s Larin.oides

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Curren. Zoology 2014年第3期60卷 387-391页

作者： taylor A. SHEARER Jon.than.n. PRUIT Departmen. of Biological Scien.es University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA

Recen. years have seen.a dramatic in.rease in.the n.mber of studies devoted to con.isten. in.ividual differen.es in.behavior, termed ＂behavioral syn.romes＂ or an.mal ＂person.lity＂. In.particular, ecologists an. evolution.ry biologists alike seek to explore the fun.tion.l con.equen.es of in.ividuals＇ person.lities an. explan.tion. for their gen.ral main.en.n.e. Un.erstan. in. the mechan.stic un.erpin.in.s to person.lity is arguably key to a deeper un.erstan.in. of their fun.tion.l con.equen.es an. main.en.n.e. In.particular, con.isten. in.ividual differen.es in.metabolic rate have been.proposed as a gen.ral explan.tion.for the main.en.n.e of con.isten. in.ividual differen.es in.boldn.ss, aggressiven.ss, an. activity level. In.this paper we explore whether con.isten. in.ividual differen.es in.boldn.ss are associated with heat rate, a proxy for metabolic rate, in.two species of orbweavin. spider： Larin.oides corn.tus an. L. patagiatus. We first documen.ed con.isten. in.ividual differen.es in.boldn.ss in.L. corn.tus but n.t L. patagiatus, as estimated by in.ividuals＇ laten.y to resume movemen. followin. an.aversive stimulus. We also measured in.ividuals＇ heart rate twice in.a separate situation. We then.tested for an.association.between.in.ividuals＇ boldn.ss an. their heart rate durin. these two even.s. We foun. that in.reased boldn.ss was associated with in.reased heart. Thus, in.i viduals that resumed movemen. quickly followin. an.aversive stimulus also exhibited faster heart rates. Our studies provide fur ther eviden.e that con.isten. in.ividual differen.es in.key physiological attributes, like metabolic rate, might be a gen.ral mecha n.sm un.erlyin. con.isten. in.ividual differen.es in.behavior .

关键词： Aran.ae Aggression Pace of life syn.rome Temperamen.

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Con.in.ous flow syn.hesis of plasmon.c gold patches an. n.arly-complete n.n.shells on.polystyren. core particles

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Particuology 2023年第4期75卷 137-150页

作者： Thomas Mein.ke Robin.n.Klupp taylor In.titute of Particle Techn.logy Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NürnbergCauerstrasse 491058ErlangenGermany Collaborative Research Cen.er 1411-Design.of Particulate Products Friedrich-Alexan.er Un.versity Erlan.en.n.rn.erg Cauerstrasse 391058 Erlangen Germany

We describe the developmen. of a T-mixer based con.in.ous flow process for the coatin. of 86-500 n. diameter spherical polystyren. particles with thin.gold patches by heterogen.ous n.cleation.an. *** establishin. a suitable flow rate for good mixin. an. sufficien.ly un.form product morphology we systematically in.estigate the main.reaction.*** reveals a con.iderable tun.bility of the patch morphology an.,by virtue of the localized surface plasmon.reson.n.e of gold,the optical properties of the product *** order to further widen.the ran.e of n.n.structures accessible by our process,a secon. T-mixer was *** in.roduced n.w gold precursor,leadin. to further growth of the patches that were formed after the first *** this approach,n.arly-complete gold n.n.shells could be produced in.high yield on.both small an. large core particles,without the un.an.ed production.of free-stan.in. gold *** to the pron.un.ed optical properties of n.arly-complete gold n.n.shells on.small core particles,we could estimate from electrodyn.mic sim-ulation. the equivalen. shell thickn.ss to be as low as 8.6 *** is sign.fican.ly thin.er than.can.be routin.ly achieved usin. the stan.ard seeded growth approach to syn.hesise gold *** results are therefore highly promisin. for the gram-scale syn.hesis of plasmon.reson.n. n.n.structures with design.d optical properties.

关键词： Con.in.ous flow Core-shell particles Patchy particles n.cleation Diffusion.limited growth

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ELECTROHYDRODYn.MIC DISPERSIOn.OF DEFORMABLE AEROSOLS In.THE PRESEn.E OF An.ELECTRIC FIELD An. CHEMICAL REACTIOn.USIn. taylor DISPERSIOn.MODEL

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Journ.l of Hydrodyn.mics 2011年第2期23卷 247-257页

作者： RUDRAIAH n. DEVARAJU n. n. Chiu-On UGC-CAS in.Fluid Mechan.cs Department of Mathematics Bangalore University Bangalore-560 001 India National Research Institute for Applied Mathematics (NRIAM) Bangalore-560 070 India Departmen. of Mechan.cal En.in.erin. The University of Hong Kong

Un.er the effects of electric field an. chemical reaction. the problem of dispersion.of aerosols in.a poorly con.uctin. fluid in.a chan.el is solved an.lytically usin. the mixture theory together with a regular perturbation.techn.que. It is shown.that the aerosols are dispersed relative to a plan. movin. with the mean.speed of atmospheric fluid as well as the mean.speed of agglomeration.of aerosol with a relative diffusion.coefficien., called the taylor dispersion.coefficien.. This coefficien. is n.merically computed an. the results reveal that it in.reases with an.in.rease in.the electric n.mber, but decreases with in.reasin. porous parameter. The physical explan.tion. for the phen.men. are given.in.this article.

关键词： dispersion aerosols electrohydrodyn.mics mixture theory

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Cuticular bacteria appear detrimen.al to social spiders in.mixed but n.t mon.culture exposure

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Curren. Zoology 2016年第4期62卷 377-384页

作者： Carl n. KEISER taylor A. SHEARER lexan.er E. DEMARCO Hayley A. BRITTIn.HAM Karen.A. Kn.TSOn.Can.ice Kuo Katherin. ZHAO Jon.than.n. PRUITT Departmen. of Biological Scien.es University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA

Much of an.an.mal＇s health status, life history, an. behavior are dictated by in.eraction. with its en.ogen.us an. exogen.us bacterial commun.ties. Un.ortun.tely, in.eraction. between.hosts an. members of their residen. bacterial commun.ty are often.ign.red in.an.mal behavior an. behavioral ecology. Here, we aim to iden.ify the n.ture of host-microbe in.eraction. in.a n.n.odel organ.sm, the African.social spider Stegodyphus dumicola. We collected an. iden.ified bacteria from the cuticles of spiders in.situ an. then.exposed spiders to bacterial mon.cultures cultures via topical application.or in.ection. We also topically in.culated spiders with a con.omitan. ＂cocktail＂ of bacteria an. measured the behavior of spiders daily for 24 days after in.culation. Lastly, we collected an. iden.ified bacteria from the cuticles of prey items in.the capture webs of spiders, an. then.fed spiders domestic crickets which had been.in.ected with these bacteria. We also in.ected 1 species of prey-born. bacteria in.o the hemolymph of spiders. On.y Bacillus thurin.ien.is caused in.reased mortality when.in.ected in.o the hemolymph of spiders, whereas n. bacterial mon.cultures caused in.reased mortality when.applied topically, relative to con.rol solution.. However, a bacterial cocktail of cuticular bacteria caused weight loss an. mortality when.applied topically, yet did n.t detectibly alter spider behavior. Con.umin. prey in.ected with prey-born. bacteria was associated with an.elon.ated lifespan.in.spiders. Thus, in.irect eviden.e from multiple experimen.s suggests that the effects of these bacteria on.spider survivorship appear con.in.en. on.their mode of colon.zation.an. whether they are applied in.mon.culture or within.a mixed cocktail. We urge that follow-up studies should test these host-microbe in.eraction. across differen. social con.exts to determin. the role that microbes play in.colon. performan.e.

关键词： cuticular bacteria sickn.ss behavior social spider Stegodyphus dumicola.

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Psychological con.equen.es of a diagn.sis of in.ertility in.men.a systematic an.lysis

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Asian.Journ.l of An.rology 2024年第1期26卷 10-19页

作者： sarah n.Biggs Jan. Halliday Karin.Hammarberg Reproductive Epidemiology Murdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourne 3052Australia Departmen. of Paediatrics University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Public Health an. Preven.ative Medicin. Monash UniversityMelbourne 3004Australia Victorian.Assisted Reproductive Treatmen. Authority Melbourne 3000Australia

Almost half of in.ertility cases in.olve male *** the con.equen.e of a diagn.sis of male in.ertility,as a sole or partial con.ributor to the couples'in.ertility,to the men.al health of men.is required to en.ure clin.cal care meets their psychological *** aim of this systematic an.lysis was to syn.hesize the eviden.e regardin. whether men.diagn.sed with male factor in.ertility experien.e greater psychological distress than.1)men.described as fertile an.(2)men.in.couples with other in.ertility *** databases were searched usin. a combin.tion.of Medical Subject Headin.s(MeSH)headin.s an. keywords relatin. to male in.ertility an. psychological *** search yielded 1016 un.que publication.,of which 23 were in.luded:8 case-con.rol,14 prospective cohort,an. 1 data lin.age *** aspects of psychological distress were iden.ified depression.an.iety,self-esteem,quality of life,fertility-related stress,gen.ral psychological stress or well-bein.,an. psychiatric ***-con.rol studies reported that men.with male factor in.ertility have more symptoms of depression.an.iety an. gen.ral psychological distress,worse quality of some aspects of life,an. lower self-esteem than.*** men.with male factor in.ertility were compared to men.in.couples with other causes of in.ertility,there were few differen.es in.the assessed aspects of psychological *** methodological limitation. within.the studies,this systematic an.lysis suggests that the experien.e of in.ertility,irrespective of its cause,n.gatively affects men.s men.al health an. demon.trates the n.ed for assisted reproduction.techn.logy(ART)providers to con.ider men.un.ergoin. assisted reproduction.as in.ividuals with their own.un.que support n.eds.

关键词： an.iety depression in.ertility male men.al health quality of life

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In.rahepatic n.tural killer T cell population. are in.reased in.human.hepatic steatosis

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World Journ.l of Gastroen.erology 2011年第13期17卷 1725-1731页

作者： Michael Adler sarah taylor Kamalu Okebugwu Herman.Yee Christin. Fieldin. George Fieldin. Michael Poles n.w York Un.versity School of Medicin. n.w York NY 10016 United States

AIM: To determin. if n.tural killer T cell (n.T) population. are affected in.n.n.lcoholic fatty liver disease (n.FLD). METHODS: Patien.s un.ergoin. bariatric surgery un.erwen. liver biopsy an. blood samplin. durin. surgery. The biopsy was assessed for steatosis an. immun.cyte in.iltration. In.rahepatic lymphocytes (IHLs) were isolated from the remain.er of the liver biopsy, an. peripheral blood mon.n.clear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from the blood. Expression.of surface protein. on.both IHLs an. PBMCs were quan.ified usin. flow cytometry. RESULTS: Twen.y-seven.subjects participated in.thisstudy. Subjects with moderate or severe steatosis had a higher percen.age of in.rahepatic CD3+/CD56+ n.T cells (38.6%) than.did patien.s with mild steatosis (24.1%, P = 0.05) or those without steatosis (21.5%, P = 0.03). Patien.s with moderate to severe steatosis also had a higher percen.age of n.T cells in.the blood (12.3%) as compared to patien.s with mild steatosis (2.5% P = 0.02) an. those without steatosis (5.1%, P = 0.05). COn.LUSIOn. n.T cells are sign.fican.ly in.reased in.the liver an. blood of patien.s with moderate to severe steatosis an. support the role of n.T cells in.n.FLD.

关键词： n.n.lcoholic fatty liver disease n.tural killer T cells n.tural killer T-like cells Lymphocytes Hepatic steatosis

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Den.trification.from n.trogen.fixin. biologically crusted soils in.a cool desert en.iron.en.,southeast Utah,USA

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Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 156-164页

作者： n.chole n.Barger sarah C Castle Gavin.n.Dean Departmen. of Ecology an. Evolution.ry Biology University of ColoradoCampus Box 334BoulderCO 80309-0334USA Departmen. of Ecosystem an. Con.ervation.Scien.es College of Forestry and ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMT59812USA.

In.roduction.n.trogen.fixation.by microorgan.sms within.biological soil crust(“biocrust”)commun.ties provides an.importan. pathway for n.in.uts in.cool desert en.iron.en.s where soil n.trien.s are low an. symbiotic n.fixin. plan.s may be *** of n.fixation.in.biocrusts often.greatly exceed that of n.accretion.rates leadin. to un.ertain.y regardin. n.loss ***:In.this study we examin.d n.trogen.fixation.an. den.trification.rates in.biocrust commun.ties that differed in.n.fixation.poten.ial(low n.fixation.light cyan.bacterial biocrust,high n.fixation.dark cyan.lichen.crust)at four temperature levels(10,20,30,40°C)an. four simulated rain.all levels(0.05,0.2,0.6,1 cm rain.even.s)un.er con.rolled laboratory ***:Acetylen. reduction.rates(AR,an.in.ex of n.fixation.activity)were over six-fold higher in.dark crusts relative to light *** biocrusts also exhibited eight-fold higher den.trification.*** was n. con.isten. effect of temperature on.den.trification.rates,but there was an.in.eractive effect of water addition.an. crust *** light crusts,den.trification.rates in.reased with in.reasin. water addition.whereas the highest den.trification.rates in.dark crusts were observed at the lowest level of water ***:These results suggest that there are n. clear an. con.isten. en.iron.en.al con.rols on.short-term den.trification.rates in.these biologically crusted *** together,estimates of den.trification.from light an. dark biocrusts con.tituted 3 an. 4%of n.fixation.rates,respectively suggestin. that losses as den.trification.are n.t sign.fican. relative to n.in.uts via *** estimate is based on.a previously published con.ersion.ratio of ethylen. produced to n.fixed that is low(0.295),resultin. in.high estimates of n.*** future n.fixation.studies in.biologically crusted soils show that these ratios are closer to the theoretical 3:1 ratio,den.trification.may con.titute a more sign.fican.

关键词： Biological soil crust Colorado Plateau Cool desert Den.trification n.trogen.fixation Soil n.trogen.cyclin.

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A Review of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Symptoms, Risk Factors, Treatmen., an. Health Related Quality of Life Issues

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Open.Journ.l of Rheumatology an. Autoimmun. Diseases 2021年第4期11卷 115-143页

作者： sarah n. Al-Gahtan. Departmen. of In.ern.l Medicin. King Fahd Medical City Riyadh Saudi Arabia

In.this paper, we presen. a thorough review of on. of the most life-threaten.n. autoimmun. diseases, Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus). Symptoms, risk factors, in.ludin. gen.tic an. epidemiological factors are disc... 详细信息

In.this papern., we present a thorough review of one of the mostn.style="fon.-family:Verdan.;"> life-threaten.n. autoimmun. diseases, Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus). Symptoms, risk factors, in.ludin. gen.tic an. epidemiological factors are discussed. Treatmen., life expectan.ies, an. Health Related Quality of Life of patien.s with SLE will be discussed as well. Special atten.ion.will be given.to Lupus n.phritis.

关键词： Autoimmun. Disorders Systemic Lupus Erythematosus En.iron.en.al Risk Factors Familial Aggregation Lupus n.phritis Treatmen. of SLE Health Related Quality of Life

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Ivabradin. tolerability in.heart failure

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Journ.l of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第11期15卷 708-709页

作者： sarah Birkhoelzer Dan.el Steven. Don.h Zachariah Jackie taylor n.gel Rowell Paul R Kalra Portsmouth Hospitals n.S Trust UK Medical Affairs Departmen. Servier Laboratories UK Glasgow Royal In.irmary UK South Tees Hospitals n.S Foun.ation.Trust UK

The Systolic Heart failure treatmen. with the I( in.ibitor ivabradin. Trial (SHIFT, n.= 6505) evaluated patien.s with symptomatic chron.c heart failure (CHF), in.sin.s rhythm with restin. heart rate ≥70 beats/min.an.... 详细信息

关键词： Heart failure Ivabradin. Quality of life The elderly

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