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The Expression of miRNAs in Sudanese Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Khartoum State

Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2022年第4期12卷 128-136页

作者： sarah mohammed dafalla Ahmed Elhadi Elsadig Tarig A. M. Hamid Huda Mohamed Haroun Sana Eltahir Abdalla Department of Haematology Medical Laboratory Sciences Program Alyarmouk College Khartoum Sudan Department of Haematology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences Alzaiem Al Azhari University Khartoum Sudan Department of Haematology and Immunohematology Sharq El Nile College Khartoum North Sudan Department of Haematology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Madani Sudan Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine Al Neelain University Khartoum Sudan

Background: MicroRNAs (miRs) are noncoding gene regulators that may have a role as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Aim: To measure the blood levels of miR-146a, miR-126 and miR-30a in Sudanese SLE patients and to investigate their potential role in disease pathogenesis and utility as biomarkers for SLE. Material and Methods: A total of 48 SLE patients and 20 matched healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) was assessed. The blood levels of miR-146a, miR-126 and miR-30a were determined by Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in all participants. Γ-INF and IL-2 were analyzed by ELISA, and CD markers were used in flow cytometry. Results: The mean age of the patients was 31.5 ± 8.5 years with disease duration > 5 years. In SLE patients, the mean blood level fold changes of miR-146a (0.33 ± 0.277;P 0.305) compared to controls. Down regulation of miR-146a increase expression of γ-INF (P 0.05) as no differences between the SLE patients and healthy control. Conclusion: Circulating miR-146a and miR-126 could be a potential noninvasive biomarker in SLE. This study provides an overview of the current state of research on the role of miRNAs in the immune pathogenesis and regulation of SLE. Further studies are needed in miRNAs profiling expressions of SLE diseases.

关键词： Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) MicroRNAs

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Blood Vessel Segmentation with Classification Model for Diabetic Retinopathy Screening

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 2265-2281页

作者： Abdullah O.Alamoudi sarah mohammed Allabun Department of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging College of Applied Medical SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Medical Education College of MedicinePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Biomedical image processing is finding useful in healthcare sector for the investigation,enhancement,and display of images gathered by distinct imaging *** retinopathy(DR)is an illness caused by diabetes complications and leads to irreversible injury to the retina blood *** vessel segmentation techniques are a basic element of automated retinal disease screening *** this view,this study presents a novel blood vessel segmentation with deep learning based classification(BVS-DLC)model forDRdiagnosis using retinal fundus *** proposed BVS-DLC model involves different stages of operations such as preprocessing,segmentation,feature extraction,and ***,the proposed model uses the median filtering(MF)technique to remove the noise that exists in the *** addition,a multilevel thresholding based blood vessel segmentation process using seagull optimization(SGO)with Kapur’s entropy is ***,the shark optimization algorithm(SOA)with Capsule Networks(CapsNet)model with softmax layer is employed for DR detection and *** range of simulations was performed on the MESSIDOR dataset and the results are investigated interms of different *** simulation results ensured the better performance of the proposed model compared to other existing techniques interms of sensitivity,specificity,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,accuracy,and F-score.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy deep learning blood vessel segmentation metaheuristics image processing messidor dataset

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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge and attitude among general dentists in Kuwait

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017年第1期8卷 19-24页

作者： sarah A.Alkandari Lolwa Alyahya mohammed Abdulwahab Dental Division Farwaniya Health DistrictMinistry of HealthKuwait Department of Surgical Sciences Faculty of DentistryKuwait UniversitySafatKuwait

BACKGROUND: Dentists as health care providers should maintain a competence in resuscitation. This cannot be overemphasized by the fact that the population in our country is living longer with an increasing proportion of medically compromised persons in the general population. This preliminary study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of general dentists towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR).METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 250 licensed general dental practitioners working in ministry of health. Data were obtained through electronic self-administered questionnaire consisting of demographic data of general dentists, and their experience, attitude and knowledge about CPR based on the 2010 American Heart Association guidelines update for ***: Totally 208 general dentists took part in the present study giving a response rate of 83.2%. Only 36% of the participants demonstrated high knowledge on CPR, while 64% demonstrated low knowledge. Participants' age, gender, nationality, years of experience, career hierarchy, and formal CPR training were associated significantly with CPR knowledge. Almost all the participants(99%) felt that dentists needed to be competent in basic resuscitation skills and showed a positive attitude towards attending continuing dental educational programs on ***: This study showed that majority of general dental practitioners in Kuwait had inadequate knowledge on CPR. It was also found that CPR training signi? cantly in? uenced the CPR knowledge of the participants. Therefore, training courses on CPR should be regularly provided to general dentists in the country.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Knowledge Attitude General dentists

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Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites as Antibacterial Agents:A Bio-inspired Approach

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第1期30卷 45-52页

作者： Edreese Alsharaeh sarah Alazzam Faheem Ahmed Nishat Arshi mohammed Al-Hindawi Garwin Kim Sing College of Science & General Studies Alfaisal UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

In this paper, silver nanoparticles （AgNPs） and AgNPs/reduced graphene oxide （RGO） nanocomposites were prepared using lemon juice under microwave irradiation （MWI） and UV light irradiation. AgNPs with face-centered cubic structure RGO peaks were observed by X-ray diffraction. The UV-Vis spectrum showed modifications in the absorption peaks of the AgNPs with the concentration of the precursor solution and irradiation time, and the optimized condition was obtained for 20 min MWI and 60 s of UV light. Raman analysis confirmed the presence of RGO as D and G bands in the spectrum. Transmission electron microscopy analyses confirmed that the AgNPs of size ranging from 3 to 8 nm were anchored onto the RGO sheets. The antibacterial properties of the AgNPs/RGO nanocomposites were investigated using gram-negative bacteria. The results revealed that AgNPs/RGO nanocomposites consisting of approximately 5 wt% AgNPs can achieve antibacterial performance similar to that of neat AgNPS. This method can be useful for the applications of AgNPs-based nanocomposites, where minute amount of silver will be utilized.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) Nanocomposites Reduced graphene oxide Antibacterial

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Research on a Practical Decentralized Key Management and Authentication Scheme Based on Blockchain for VNDN

Research on a Practical Decentralized Key Management and Aut...

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作者： ALMADHEHAGI sarah AHMED ABDO mohammed 兰州理工大学

学位级别：硕士

密钥管理是任何系统都必须应对的最重要的安全挑战之一,尤其是在共享可能危及人类生命安全的敏感信息时。在车载命名数据网络VNDN系统中,车辆通常被要求共享交通拥堵和交通事故等信息时,车辆会使用私钥对共享数据进行签名和使用公钥对... 详细信息

密钥管理是任何系统都必须应对的最重要的安全挑战之一,尤其是在共享可能危及人类生命安全的敏感信息时。在车载命名数据网络VNDN系统中,车辆通常被要求共享交通拥堵和交通事故等信息时,车辆会使用私钥对共享数据进行签名和使用公钥对共享数据的签名进行验证,因此如果攻击者攻击这些密钥,就会对整个系统构成威胁。为了确保密钥是可信任的并且是可用的,必须解决密钥管理问题。目前,大多数密钥管理方案依赖于分层密钥信任模型和公钥基础设施(PKI),但是,由于根密钥和集中式证书颁发机构易受攻击和存在单点故障等问题,传统方案的中心化管理模式使得中心机构对大量实时请求的处理效率成为系统瓶颈。因此,传统的密钥管理方案无法满足VNDN系统的安全需求。论文首先提出了一种基于区块链的高效和去中心化的VNDN密钥管理方案,然后在该密钥管理方案的基础上提出了认证方案和会话密钥协商协议。本文的主要工作贡献如下:1)论文提出了一种基于区块链的VNDN高效去中心化密钥管理方案,用户可以使用智能合约自动注册、更新和撤销自己的公钥,实现高效的密钥管理。将NDN和区块链结合,可以使系统在安全性、隐私、缓存使用以及用户公钥和身份的一般转发可靠性方面具有优势。2)提出了一种基于区块链实现RSU与车辆间的轻量级双向认证协议,该协议可以在车辆加入系统前实现对车辆身份的认证,保证了车辆用户的合法性,并且可以保证兴趣包和数据包共享的完整性和真实性。3)提出了一种基于双变量多项式的密钥协商协议,双变量多项式函数用于创建两个会话密钥,一个用于车辆和RSU之间的会话,另一个用在车辆和网络中的其他车辆之间的会话。会话密钥用于数据传输保护,并确保了VNDN中数据传输的机密性。4)论文使用通用可组合(UC)框架分析方案的安全属性,分析结果表明所提出的方案可以满足解决方案的安全属性,并可以防止Do S攻击,从而避免NDN路由器缓存存储中的兴趣包泛滥。实验结果表明与其他相关方案相比,认证和密钥协商方案具有更高的效率、更低的计算和通信开销。

关键词：车辆命名数据网络(VNDN) 身份验证密钥协商协议区块链通用可组合(UC)

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Correlation between Serum CD36 Level and Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Khartoum State, Sudan

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2023年第1期13卷 68-75页

作者： Eglal Elamein mohammed Ali Abuagla M. dafalla Yousif Abdelhameed mohammed Bakri Yousif Mohamed Nour Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. DM-related dyslipidemia are associated with complications resulting from progressive damage of various organs. CD36 is 88-kD, class B scavenger receptor, expressed on different types of cells. In diabetic patients, LDL particles are glycated with strong level;this increases CD36 expression, initiates foam cell formation and accelerates atherosclerosis. Objective: This study aimed to determine the correlation between serum CD36 level and lipid profile among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Zeenam Specialized center, Khartoum State, Sudan, in a period between 2019 and 2022. Methodology: Hundred participants at different ages were included in this study;70 were type 2 diabetic patients (cases) and 30 apparently healthy individual (control). 3 ml of venous blood were collected from the participants by using a sterile needle and syringe into a labeled plain container. Each sample was stood until complete clot occurs. Clotted blood sample was then centrifuged to obtain the serum. Then they were used for measurement of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride and soluble CD36 levels. Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were measured using Biosystem chemistry analyzer BTS-302. Serum CD36 was measured using Microplate Reader (URIT-660). Results: The results revealed that serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with control (P = 0.03, P = 0.031, P = 0.000, P = 0.000) respectively, while there is no statistically significant differences in serum CD36 level between cases and control (P = 0.129). Also this study showed that there is no statistically significant correlation between serum CD36 level and total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, age and body mass index. Conc

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Serum CD36 Lipid Profile Sudan

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Evaluation of Plasma Malondialdehyde among Sudanese Type 2 Diabetic Patients

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2023年第12期13卷 234-243页

作者： Gad Allah Modawe Ibtihal Elamin mohammed Abuagla M. dafalla Abdelmarouf Mohieldein Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Biochemistry Omdurman Islamic University Omdurman Sudan Medical Laboratory Sciences Department of Clinical Chemistry National University Khartoum Sudan Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences Department of Clinical Chemistry University of Gezira WadMadani Sudan College of Applied Medical Sciences Department of Medical Laboratories Qassim University Buraidah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Background and objectives: Diabetes is a chronic multifactorial disease which requires a variety of strategies to reduce its epidemic. Type 2 diabetes (T2MD) is the most common form of diabetes which results from inefficiency of insulin secretion or resistance to insulin action, both of which lead to chronic hyperglycemia. Lipid peroxidation is an oxidative stress process that involve in T2DM complications. This study aimed to 1) determine plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as a biomarker for lipid peroxidation in Sudanese patients with T2DM, and 2) assess the associations between MDA and diabetes-related variables. Material and Methods: This case-control study was conducted from November 2022 to June 2023 at the National University, Sudan. It included 100 participants, of whom 50 were T2DM patients and 50 were healthy controls. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, and biochemical markers (FBS, HbA1c, and MDA) were collected. The NycoCard HbA1c method and the GOD-POD Method were used for HbA1c and glucose measurement, respectively. MDA was determined by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances method. The data were analyzed using SPSS Version. Results: Significant differences were observed between T2DM patients and healthy controls in FBS (P = 0.000), HbA1c (P = 0.000), and MDA (P = 0.010), with T2DM patients exhibiting higher levels. The study revealed a strong positive correlation between MDA levels and the duration of diabetes (r = 0.69, P = 0.00), while other variables, including age, BMI, and glucose control, did not significantly correlate with MDA levels. Conclusion: Findings revealed elevated MDA levels in Sudanese T2DM patients, with a positive correlation between MDA and diabetes duration. These findings emphasize the importance of oxidative stress in T2DM pathogenesis and call for the need for targeted strategies to mitigate oxidative damage and improve diabetes care.

关键词： Lipid Peroxide Malondialdehyde Hyperglycemia Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Sudanese

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Evaluation of Cavity Formation and the Use of Cut-off Wall to Reduce the Risk of Washing Subsurface Fine Material

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Open Journal of Geology 2013年第2期3卷 71-76页

作者： Fouzan Alfouzan Muawia A dafalla Akeel Alharbi Assistant Professor and Consultant Civil Engineering BRCES King Saud University Assistant Research Professor King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology KACST Saudi Arabia Scientific Researcher King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology KACST Saudi Arabia

This study shows the results of mapping numerous cavities and distress which appeared and detected in Qassim area, Saudi Arabia. This phenomenon was observed near a school building and residential area and became a serious risk to occupants and residents. The survey was carried out applying geotechnical techniques which included advancing rotary boreholes to depths of 23 m to 30 m with sampling and testing. The evaluation process also included resistivity imaging profiles using 2D electrical resistivity measurements. Results obtained from this research showed a thick top layer of silty clayey sand soil rich of gypsum and carbonate presenting a hazardous and high-risk soil type. The percentage of fines that are likely to be washed out as a result of chemical disintegration and exposure to significant hydraulic gradient was of great concern. Assessment was made using combined geotechnical and geophysical approach in addition to chemical tests. Based on the data collected and analysis of test results a practical solution was suggested to solve this problem. The use of “cut-off wall” in order to reduce the level of subsurface scour and cajuvity formation were found appropriate. The depth of the cut off wall was determined based on the subsurface geological profile. Advantages of this approach and concerns need to be considered in adopting typical solutions that are presented.

关键词： Collapse Cavities Electrical Resistivity sarah Formation Geotechnical Methods

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Analysis of Hyaluronidase Expression by qPCR in Egyptian Clinical Isolates of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>and Its Correlation with Phenotypic Plate Assay

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Advances in Microbiology 2018年第7期8卷 614-624页

作者： sarah A. Abdelkader mohammed El-Mowafy Eman Abdelmegeed Ramadan Hassan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt

Hyaluronidase enzyme (HysA) is an extracellular enzyme that is considered to be an important virulence factor for Staphylococcus aureus. We screened the production of HysA enzyme in the spent media of Egyptian clinical isolates (32 isolates) via phenotypic plate assay. We found that 75% of the isolates (24 isolates) were able to produce HysA enzyme. We designed primers for qPCR analysis of hysA mRNA expression that was derived from the alignment of hysA gene sequences of 41 strains of S. aureus. The designed primers could be used for the amplification of hysA in 79.2% of the isolates (19 isolates) that were positive for HysA production as demonstrated by phenotypic plate assay. A significant positive correlation, as indicated by Pearson correlation analysis (r = 0.84 at P < 0.001), was found between phenotypic plate assay and qPCR of mRNA expression of hysA in the investigated isolates of S. aureus. In conclusion, we analyzed for the first time hysA mRNA expression via qPCR in S. aureus. Additionally, our work showed a good agreement between the phenotypic assay of HysA production via plate assay and hysA expression in S. aureus. The qPCR analysis of this study could be used as a more reliable quantitative method for hysA expression analysis particularly in infected animal models of S. aureus.

关键词： Hyaluronidase qPCR Staphylococcus aureus Virulence Factor

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Association of XbaI GLUT1 Polymorphism with Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Nephropathy

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2016年第2期6卷 71-78页

作者： Ragaa Abdelkader Ramadan Ahmad Mohamed Zaki Gehan Mahmoud Magour Moyassar Ahmad Zaki sarah Ahmed Aglan Marwa Ahmed Madkour mohammed mohammed Shamseya Chemical Pathology Department Medical Research Institute Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Clinical and Experimental Internal Medicine Department Medical Research Institute Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

Objectives: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the chronic microangiopathic complications of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and has become the most frequent cause of end-stage renal disease. The XbaI polymorphism in the glucose transporter (GLUT1) has been suggested in the development of DN. We examined the association between XbaI polymorphism of GLUT1 and susceptibility to T2DM and development of DN. Methods: The study included 227 T2DM patients divided into 107 without DN (DM ? DN) and 120 with DN (DM + DN), in addition to 100 apparently healthy controls. Genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: The GLUT1 XbaI T allele was associated with increased susceptibility to T2DM, when comparing the healthy controls to the whole diabetic group, odds ratio (OR) = 1.899, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.149 - 3.136), p = 0.011. This association was also significant between healthy controls and DM ? DN OR = 1.997 (1.079 - 3.699), p = 0.026 as well as between healthy controls and DM + DN OR = 1.818 (1.016 - 3.253), p = 0.042. However there was no significant association of XbaI polymorphism with DN when comparing DM ? DN to DM + DN OR = 0.910 (0.474 - 1.747), p = 0.777. Conclusion: XbaI T allele is associated with increased susceptibility to T2DM, but not to development of DN. Further studies are needed to replicate such findings.

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Diabetic Nephropathy Glucose Transporter 1 XbaI Polymorphism

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