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Tomato fruit as a model for tissue-specific gene silencing in crop plants

Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 839-845页

作者： Ari Feder sarah jensen Anquan Wang Lance Courtney Lesley Middleton Joyce Van Eck Yongsheng Liu James J.Giovannoni Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA Section of Plant Breeding and Genetics Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering Hefei University of Technology230009 HefeiChina Section of Plant Biology Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA US Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service Robert W.Holley Center for Agriculture and HealthIthacaNYUSA

Use of CRISPR-Cas9(Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats(CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated 9)-mediated genome editing has proliferated for use in numerous plant species to modify gene function and expression,usually in the context of either transient or stably inherited genetic *** extremely useful in many applications,modification of some loci yields outcomes detrimental to further experimental evaluation or viability of the target *** of Cas9 under a promoter conferring gene knockouts in a tissue-specific subset of genomes has been demonstrated in insect and animal models,and recently in *** developed an in planta GFP(green fluorescent protein)assay system to demonstrate fruit-specific gene editing in tomato using a phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 2 gene *** then targeted a SET-domain containing polycomb protein,SlEZ2,previously shown to yield pleiotropic phenotypes when targeted via ^(35)S-driven RNA interference and we were able to characterize fruit phenotypes absent additional developmental ***-specific gene editing will have applications in assessing function of essential genes otherwise difficult to study via germline modifications and will provide routes to edited genomes in tissues that could not otherwise be recovered when their germline modification perturbs their normal development.

关键词： otherwise specific editing

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Erythrocyte invasions and receptor heterogeneity in field isolates of Nanay river basin Iquitos

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第8期5卷 589-593页

作者： Kuppusamy Chenniappan sarah H Johns Laboratorio de Investigacion deproductos Naturales Antiparasitarios de la Amazonia UNAPPampa chicaIquitosPeru 065

Objective:To determine whether the requirements for sialic acid varies and whether several types of silaic acid independent receptors utilized for invasion mechanisms of fresh filed isolates collected around Nanay river basin,***:The field isolates were cultured as described previously by jensen and Trager and MR4 protocol with little *** erythrocytes preparation and subsequent enzyme treatment was done as described previously by *** little *** assay was performed as described previously by Sharma et al with little ***:The Nanay river basin isolates showed five types of invasion mechanisms or types of receptors-ligand *** we observed that an equal numbers of neuraminidase sensitive and resistant invasion receptor-ligand interaction profiles as the most common receptor-ligand invasion *** resistance trypsin sensitive chymotrypsin sensitive(NM_RT_SCT_S) invasion of receptor-ligand interaction profile was found in seven isolates,Five field isolates and one reference strain showed neuraminidase sensitive, trypsin sensitive and chymotrypsin resistant(NM_RT_SCT_R) invasion of receptor-ligand interactions, six isolates including one reference strains dd2 showed neuraminidase sensitive,trypsin and chymotrypsin resistance(NM_ST_RCT_R) indicating its dependence on sialic acids and independence of trypsin and chymotrypsin sensitive *** isolates showed neuraminidase sensitive, trypsin sensitive and chymotrypsin sensitive(NM_ST_SCT_S) invasion of receptor-ligand interactions, seven isolates were neuraminidase resistant,trypsin sensitive and chymotrypsin resistance (NM_RT_SCT_R) invasion of receptor-ligand interactions,indicating its dependence on trypsin sensitive ***:The Nanay river basin isolates showed five types of invasion mechanisms or types of receptors-ligand interactions.A full understanding of theses invasion mechanisms may allow the developm

关键词： Nanay river basin Invasion Sialic acid Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

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Construction,expression and binding specificity of bispecific CD3×VEGFR-2 and CD3×NCAM antibodies in the single chain and diabody format

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第5期4卷 654-664页

作者： Anke Kopacek Thomas Boldicke sarah Lergenmüller Frank Berthold Markus jensen Peter P.Müller Ludger Grosse-Hovest Helmholtz Center for Infection Research Department of Molecular BiotechnologyBraunschweigGermany Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology University of CologneUniversity Hospital CologneCologneGermany Institute for Cell Biology Department of ImmunologyEberhard Karls UniversityTübingenGermany

Bispecific antibodies are recombinant proteins with novel immunological properties and therapeutic potential. Recombinant protein quality and activity of several bispecific antibodies comprising different variable domain combinations with respect to the parental monospecific single chain fragments (scFv) were evaluated after expression in bacteria or mammalian cells. The parental scFv proteins humanized anti-NCAM scFv, murine anti-VEGFR-2 scFv, murine and humanized anti-CD3 scFv, respectively, could successfully be expressed in E. coli, whereas the murine anti-NCAM scFv version could not be reliably detected. Bispecific CD3 × VEGFR-2 and CD3 × NCAM anti-bodies were expressed in the bispecific single chain and the single chain diabody format. However, the diabody derived from the murine anti-NCAM scFv could not efficiently be expressed in E. coli or in mammalian cells. Significant binding of the CD3 × NCAM single chain diabody comprising the humanized version of anti-CD3 and humanized version of anti-NCAM was efficient to both antigens. Nevertheless, binding of the bispecific single chain version to the NCAM antigen was inefficient in comparison to CD3 binding. In conclusion, the data could indicate that the result of scFv expression in bacteria may be predictive for the chances of success for functional expression of more complex bispecific derivatives.

关键词： Recombinant Antibody Single Chain Diabody Bispecific Antibody Protein Expression

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Methods for improving colorectal cancer annotation efficiency for artificial intelligence-observer training

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World Journal of Radiology 2023年第12期15卷 359-369页

作者： Matthew Grudza Brandon Salinel sarah Zeien Matthew Murphy Jake Adkins Corey T jensen Curtis Bay Vikram Kodibagkar Phillip Koo Tomislav Dragovich Michael A Choti Madappa Kundranda Tanveer Syeda-Mahmood Hong-Zhi Wang John Chang School of Biological Health and Systems Engineering Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287United States Department of Radiology Banner MD Anderson Cancer CenterGilbertAZ 85234United States School of Osteopathic Medicine A.T.Still UniversityMesaAZ 85206United States Department of Abdominal Imaging MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Abdominal Imaging University Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Interdisciplinary Sciences A.T.Still UniversityMesaAZ 85206United States School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287United States Division of Cancer Medicine Banner MD Anderson Cancer CenterGilbertAZ 85234United States Department of Surgical Oncology Banner MD Anderson Cancer CenterGilbertAZ 85234United States IBM Almaden Research Center IBMSan JoseCA 95120United States

BACKGROUND Missing occult cancer lesions accounts for the most diagnostic errors in retrospective radiology reviews as early cancer can be small or subtle,making the lesions difficult to *** is the most effective technique for reducing these events and can be economically implemented with the advent of artificial intelligence(AI).AIM To achieve appropriate AI model training,a large annotated dataset is necessary to train the AI *** goal in this research is to compare two methods for decreasing the annotation time to establish ground truth:Skip-slice annotation and AI-initiated *** We developed a 2D U-Net as an AI second observer for detecting colorectal cancer(CRC)and an ensemble of 5 differently initiated 2D U-Net for ensemble *** model was trained with 51 cases of annotated CRC computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis,tested with 7 cases,and validated with 20 cases from The Cancer Imaging Archive *** sensitivity,false positives per case,and estimated Dice coefficient were obtained for each method of *** compared the two methods of annotations and the time reduction associated with the *** time differences were tested using Friedman’s two-way analysis of *** Sparse annotation significantly reduces the time for annotation particularly skipping 2 slices at a time(P<0.001).Reduction of up to 2/3 of the annotation does not reduce AI model sensitivity or false positives per *** initializing human annotation with AI reduces the annotation time,the reduction is minimal,even when using an ensemble AI to decrease false *** Our data support the sparse annotation technique as an efficient technique for reducing the time needed to establish the ground truth.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Colorectal cancer Detection

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奥利司他对肥胖青少年体重和机体组分的影响——随机对照试验

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美国医学会杂志（中文版） 2006年第1期25卷 34-43页

作者： Jean-Pierre Chanoine, MD, PhD sarah Hampl, MD, FAAP Craig jensen, MD Mark Boldrin, MS Jonathan Hauptman, MD 李呈亿（译） Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit British Columbia Children＇s Hospital Vancouver Children＇s Mercy Hospitals and Clinics Kansas City Mo Department of Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston rex Hoffmann-La Roche Inc NutJey NJ 不详

背景：儿童和青少年超重和肥胖正迅速增加。在该人群，单纯行为疗法减肥及维持体重下降的效果有限，但是对药物治疗尚未进行广泛的研究。目的：确定奥利州他（Orlistat）在青少年体重治疗方面的效果及其安个性。设计、地点和病例：于美... 详细信息

背景：儿童和青少年超重和肥胖正迅速增加。在该人群，单纯行为疗法减肥及维持体重下降的效果有限，但是对药物治疗尚未进行广泛的研究。目的：确定奥利州他（Orlistat）在青少年体重治疗方面的效果及其安个性。设计、地点和病例：于美国和加拿大32个中心、539例肥胖青少年（12—16岁；体重指数[body mass index，BMI]在第95百分化之上≥2单位）进行的多ln0、54剧（2000年8月至2002年10月）随机双盲研究。干预：给予奥利司他（n=357）或安慰剂（n=182）120mg，每口3次，持续1年；加适度低热卡饮食（脂肪占30％）、运动和行为治疗。主要观察指标：BMI变化；二级指标包括腰围和髋用、体重下降、脂质测量以及机体对口服葡萄糖的血糖和胰岛素反心。结果：至12周时，两组BMI均有下降；此后，奥利司他组体重维持稳定而安慰剂组则超过基线。研究结束时，奥利司他组BMI下降0．55。而安慰剂组则增加0．31（P=0．001）。与安慰剂组的15．7％相比，奥利司他组26．5％的病例BMI下降≥5％（P=0．005）；BMI下降≥10％者分别为4．5％和13．3％（P=0．002）。在研究结束时，奥利司他组体重增加0．53kg，安慰剂组增加3．14kg（P〈0．001）。双能X线吸收测量娃示，这种差异可用脂肪体再的变化解释。奥利司他组腰围下降，安慰剂组腰围上升（-1．33cm比＋0．12cm；P〈0．05）。奥利司他组发生轻至中度胃肠道不良事件者为9％-50％，安慰剂组为1％～13％。结论：与安慰剂比较，奥利司他与饮食、运动和行为改善联合可显著改善肥胖青少年体重的治疗。在这个青少年人群，连续使用奥利司他1年并无重要安全问题，尽管奥利司他组胃肠道不良事件较为常见。

关键词：青少年人群奥利司他体重下降随机对照试验肥胖机体低热卡饮食组分随机双盲研究双能X线吸收

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Drug Susceptibility Patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Tuberculosis Patients in Coastal Kenya

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2017年第4期5卷 201-219页

作者： Shadrack A. Yonge Michael F. Otieno Rekha R. Sharma sarah S. Nteka Department of Environment and Health Sciences Technical University of Mombasa Mombasa Kenya Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Kenyatta University Kahawa Kenya Department of Zoological Sciences Kenyatta University Kahawa Kenya Department of Laboratory Coast General Referral Hospital Mombasa Kenya

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance is an emerging health problem in Kenya and especially in Coastal region. This is a major challenge in tuberculosis control. Diagnosis is based on Ziel-Neelsen staining alone and patients are treated without information on sensitivity patterns. Aim: This study aimed to determine drug susceptibility patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Coastal Kenya. Study Design: Hospital and laboratory based cross-sectional study was carried between April 2015 and July 2016 at Coast General Referral hospital;Tudor, Port-Reitz, Likoni Sub-County hospitals;Mlaleo, Kongowea and Mikindani health centers. Methodology: Sputum samples from patients with bacteriological confirmed TB on microscopy were cultured on Lowenstein jensen (LJ) media. Strains of MTB complex from Lowenstein jensen (LJ) slopes were subjected to drug susceptibility testing (DST) to first-line drugs including isoniazid (H), rifampicin (R), streptomycin (S) and Ethambutol (E) using proportional method on the Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) conventional method. Participants were offered diagnostic testing and counselling for HIV testing. Results: Drug sensitivity test was performed for a total of 210 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates for the first line anti-TB drugs. About seventy eight percent and twenty nine percent of the strains from new patients and previously treated patients were fully sensitive to all the drugs tested respectively. Prevalence of any resistance to one drug was 102 (48.6%, 95% CI: 20.45 - 28.23). Any single drug resistance was most frequent in isoniazid 30 (16.0%), Ethambutol 20 (10.0%), Streptomycin 18 (18.3%) and Rifampicin 4 (2.1%) in newly diagnosed patients. Among previously treated patients any resistance to streptomycin, ethambutol, isoniaziad and rifampicin was 10 (58.8%), 9 (52.9%), 7 (41.2%) and 4 (23.5%) respectively. Prevalence of M

关键词： Tuberculosis Resistance Patterns Susceptibility Tests Multidrug Resistance

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Population-Based Tuberculosis Disease Prevalence Survey in Ghana: The Role and Lessons Learnt from the Laboratory

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2019年第2期7卷 95-108页

作者： Kennedy Kwasi Addo Samuel Ofori Addo Christian Bonsu Ezekiel Mensah sarah Edusei Prosper Dedzo Michael Amo Omari Samuel Kudzawu Honesty Ganu Samuel Kumah Atiadevie Frank Adae Bonsu Department of Bacteriology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research College of Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana Chest Clinic Laboratory Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital Accra Ghana National Tuberculosis Control Programme Accra Ghana

Background: Bacteriologically-confirmed tuberculosis (TB) cases used in calculating TB prevalence in a country are obtained through laboratory examination of sputum specimens. Objective: This article describes laboratory processing of specimens, results overview, conclusions and key lessons learnt from the perspective of laboratory personnel involved in the conduct of TB disease prevalence survey in Ghana in 2013. Methods: Symptoms screening and Chest X-ray suggestive of TB were used to select participants who produced sputum to confirm TB cases using microscopy, culture and Xpert®MTB/RIF assay (GeneXpert). Results: A total of 15,935 single and paired sputum specimens were received from eligible participants. About half of Ziehl-Nielsen (129/263) and Auramine O (122/246) stained smear positives were scanty positive. Culture positivity rate for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex was 266/14,994 (1.7%) and 100/15,179 (0.7%) in Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) and Lowenstein-jensen (LJ) media respectively;while non-tuberculous mycobacterium was 294/14,994 (1.96%) and 167/15,179 (1.1%). Total contamination rates in MGIT (5.4%) were higher than in LJ (1.7%). Prevalence of smear positive TB and bacteriologically confirmed TB among adult population (≥15 years) was estimated at 111 (95% CI: 76 - 145) and 356 (95% CI: 288 - 425) per 100,000 population respectively. Conclusions and Lessons Learnt: Direct supervision of specimen collection by well-trained laboratory personnel, timely transportation of specimens from field to laboratory, prompt specimen processing and use of electronic data management systems are essential for a reliable TB disease prevalence survey data. More importantly, strengthening human and logistical capacity of the laboratory must be of utmost priority.

关键词： Prevalence Survey Tuberculosis Laboratory Lessons Learnt Ghana

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阿基坦创意经济与文化中心

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城市环境设计 2019年第2期118卷 74-83页

作者： Alexander Codda Alicia Marie sarah Borhardt Annette Birthe jensen ?smund Skeie Aya Fibert Bartosz Kobylakiewicz Bernhard Touzet Brigitta Gulyás David Tao Edouard Champelle Espen Vik Greta Krenciute Greta Tafel Hyojin Lee Ivan Genov Jan Magasanik Jeffrey Mark Mikolajewski Karol Bogdan Borkowski Katarzyna Swiderska Kekoa Charlot Lorenzo Boddi Maria Teresa Fernandez Rojo Melissa Andres Michael Sch?nemann jensen Nicolas Millot Ola Hariri Ole Dau Mortensen Pascale Julien Paul-Antoine Lucas Raphael Ciriani Santiago Palacio Villa Se Hyeon Kim Sebastian Liszka Seunghan Yeum Snorre Emanuel Nash J?rgensen Teresa Fernández Thiago De Almeida Thomas Jakobsen Randb?ll Yang Du Zoltan David Kalaszi Ivan Mata Laurent de Carniere 朱翰林

这栋建筑将三个文化机构融入其中:FRAC(阿基坦区当代艺术基金会)、ECLA(写作、音乐、电影和广播文化机构)和OARA(阿基坦区行为艺术家工作室)。现在它们被共同整合为阿基坦创意经济与文化中心,即MéCA文化中心。我们希望设计一栋可以将... 详细信息

这栋建筑将三个文化机构融入其中:FRAC(阿基坦区当代艺术基金会)、ECLA(写作、音乐、电影和广播文化机构)和OARA(阿基坦区行为艺术家工作室)。现在它们被共同整合为阿基坦创意经济与文化中心,即MéCA文化中心。我们希望设计一栋可以将波尔多滨水步道整合其中的建筑,允许公众生活路线从中穿过。

关键词：阿基坦波尔多城市客厅经济与文化

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向日常生活致敬:2018 danishdesign MAKERS家具展

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现代装饰 2018年第12期 86-93页

作者： Alvilde Holm Antonio Scaffidi Edvard & Steenfatt Ellinor Ericsson Evalou Hauge Gustav Max Lindholm Jesper Junge Jonas Lyndby jensen Nordvink/Anne N?rbjerg & Sanne Kyed ?rn Duvald Petter Th?rne Rasmus Warberg Rikke Frost Sahtel Mouritsen Lystager Signe?.Lund & Isabel Ahm Thomas Albertsen Thomas e.Alken Troels Flensted Witek Golik danishdesign MAKERS Kristine Funch & Emilia Therese 彭佳 Studio Fem-Anders Engholm & sarah Cramer

本届2018danishdesign MAKERS家具展的主题为“向日常生活致敬”,其灵感来源于丹麦诗人Dan Turell诗歌中关于日常生活之美的语句,同时也表达了对于如今设计行业中奢侈浪费现象的思考。

关键词：家具展浪费现象设计行业 Dan

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