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The Incidence of Endophthalmitis Cases in an Island Nation

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第3期14卷 236-249页

作者： Isaac Bertuello sarah Refalo-Azzopardi Anastasia Ghio Ophthalmology Department Mater Dei Hospital Msida Malta

Endophthalmitis is a severe ocular infection which can have sight threatening complications and should be treated urgently. Malta is an archipelago in the middle of the Mediterranean sea, with one main hospital (Mater Dei Hospital), where all emergency ophthalmic cases are referred during the years audited. This allowed the authors to review all the cases of endophthalmitis which presented to Mater Dei Hospital from 2009 to 2020 and to be able to reliably compare incidence of local endophthalmitis cases with worldwide quoted incidence rates. All theatre logbooks documenting procedures locally from 2009 to 2020 were reviewed and patients undergoing intravitreal tap and antibiotics injections were included in this audit. This was based on the assumption that all endophthalmitis cases which presented underwent these procedures. Data was analyzed and the average incidence of endophthalmitis cases noted and compared with international numbers. The local numbers are higher than the accepted average, taking into consideration sources of error during data collection for this audit. The authors suggest that a local standard operating procedure in terms of response of suspected endophthalmitis is needed as well as a register for local endophthalmitis cases.

关键词： Endophthalmitis Malta Ophthalmic Surgery Complications Cataract Intravitreal Injections

Letter to the Editor: Reverse T3;a Reliable Diagnostic Test for Discerning between Euthyroid Sick and Central Hypothyroidism

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 73-74页

作者： Udaya M. Kabadi sarah Exley Broadlawns Medical Center Des Moines Iowa Faulty of Endocrinology Clinic University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa

Letter to the Editor

关键词： Letter ism Sick

A Comparative Study of Adomian Decomposition Method with Variational Iteration Method for Solving Linear and Nonlinear Differential Equations

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第8期12卷 2789-2819页

作者： sarah Khaled Al Baghdadi N. Ameer Ahammad General Studies Department Technical and Vocational Training Corporation Tabuk KSA Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science University of Tabuk Tabuk KSA

This study compares the Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM) and the Variational Iteration Method (VIM) for solving nonlinear differential equations in engineering. Differential equations are essential for modeling dynamic systems in various disciplines, including biological processes, heat transfer, and control systems. This study addresses first, second, and third-order nonlinear differential equations using Mathematica for data generation and graphing. The ADM, developed by George Adomian, uses Adomian polynomials to handle nonlinear terms, which can be computationally intensive. In contrast, VIM, developed by He, directly iterates the correction functional, providing a more straightforward and efficient approach. This study highlights VIM’s rapid convergence and effectiveness of VIM, particularly for nonlinear problems, where it simplifies calculations and offers direct solutions without polynomial derivation. The results demonstrate VIM’s superior efficiency and rapid convergence of VIM compared with ADM. The VIM’s minimal computational requirements make it practical for real-time applications and complex system modeling. Our findings align with those of previous research, confirming VIM’s efficiency of VIM in various engineering applications. This study emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate methods based on specific problem requirements. While ADM is valuable for certain nonlinearities, VIM’s approach is ideal for many engineering scenarios. Future research should explore broader applications and hybrid methods to enhance the solution’s accuracy and efficiency. This comprehensive comparison provides valuable guidance for selecting effective numerical methods for differential equations in engineering.

关键词： Differential Equations Numerical Analysis Mathematical Computing Engineering Models Nonlinear Dynamics

How University Athletics Can Impact Mental Health among Student Athletes at the University of Evansville

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Health 2024年第3期16卷 218-233页

作者： Claudia Hollis Blake Johnson Salma Gonzalez sarah Harness College of Education and Health Sciences University of Evansville Evansville USA

In recent years, the NCAA student athlete population in the United States has surpassed 500,000, and is continuing to rise each year [1]. These student athletes work their entire lives academically and athletically to reach the ultimate goal: competing in university athletics. However, when these athletes reach university, they are met with non-stop training, homework, exams, and evolving social lives. We have conducted a study at the University of Evansville evaluating how participation in university athletics may impact mental health status among these student athletes, as well as measuring players’ awareness of accessible mental health resources. Over fifty percent of participants reported experiencing at least one mental health condition while competing in their sport;eighty percent reported having knowledge of the mental health resources available to them on campus, however, nearly thirty percent of those knowledgeable reported not knowing how to access these resources. This has indicated a gap in awareness and utilization of mental health resources among student athletes at the University of Evansville.

关键词： Student Athlete Mental Health Mental Health Resources

Periodontal disease:A silent factor in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第8期15卷 1672-1676页

作者： sarah Monserrat LomelíMartínez Irán Cortés Trujillo Melissa Martínez Nieto Ana Esther Mercado González Department of Medical and Life Sciences Centro Universitario de la CiénegaUniversidad de GuadalajaraOcotlán 47810Mexico Master of Public Health Department of Wellbeing and SustainableCentro Universitario del NorteUniversidad de GuadalajaraColotlán 46200Mexico Periodontics Program Department of Integrated Dentistry ClinicsCentro Universitario de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44340Mexico Antiguo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara“Fray Antonio Alcalde” Guadalajara 44280Mexico

The global increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and its complications presents significant challenges to public ***,periodontal disease(PD)was recognized as a factor that is likely to influence the progression of T2DM and its complications due to its potential to exacerbate systemic inflammation and oxidative *** this editorial,we comment on the article published by Thazhe Poyil et al in the very recent issue of the World Journal of Diabetes in 2024,which investigated the correlation between PD and diabetic retinopathy(DR)in T2DM patients,with emphasis on the association between periodontal swollen surface area,glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),interleukin-6(IL-6),and lipoprotein(a).The findings by Thazhe Poyil et al are significant as they demonstrate a strong link between PD and DR in T2DM *** correlation highlights the importance of addressing periodontal health in diabetes management to potentially reduce the risk and severity of DR,a complication of *** integration of periodontal evaluation and treatment into diabetes care protocols may lead to improved glycemic control and better overall outcomes for T2DM patients.A few studies have established an interconnection between PD and diabetic complication,specifically DR,in T2DM patients,which we aim to highlight in this *** was placed on the different mechanisms that suggest a bidirectional relationship between PD and T2DM,where the presence of periodontal inflammation negatively influenced glycemic control and contributed to the development and progression of DR through shared inflammatory and vascular *** article highlights the importance of collaboration amongst diabetes specialists,ophthalmologists,periodontists,and public health professionals to advance the prevention,early detection,and treatment of PD and *** will improve the health and quality of life of T2DM ***,the editorial highlights the need for further re

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Periodontal disease Periodontitis Diabetic retinopathy Editorial

From signalling pathways to targeted therapies: unravelling glioblastoma’s secrets and harnessing two decades of progress

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第11期8卷 5270-5302页

作者： Brittany Dewdney Misty RJenkins sarah ABest Saskia Freytag Krishneel Prasad Jeff Holst Raelene endersby Terrance GJohns Cancer Centre Telethon Kids InstituteNedlandsWA6009Australia Centre For Child Health Research University of Western AustraliaPerthWA6009Australia Immunology Division The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchMelbourne3052Australia Department of Medical Biology University of MelbourneMelbourne3010Australia Personalised Oncology Division The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchMelbourne3052Australia School of Biomedical Sciences University of New South WalesSydney2052Australia

Glioblastoma,a rare,and highly lethal form of brain cancer,poses significant challenges in terms of therapeutic resistance,and poor survival rates for both adult and paediatric patients *** advancements in brain cancer research driven by a technological revolution,translating our understanding of glioblastoma pathogenesis into improved clinical outcomes remains a critical unmet *** review emphasises the intricate role of receptor tyrosine kinase signalling pathways,epigenetic mechanisms,and metabolic functions in glioblastoma tumourigenesis and therapeutic *** also discuss the extensive efforts over the past two decades that have explored targeted therapies against these *** therapeutic approaches,such as antibody-toxin conjugates or CAR T cell therapies,offer potential by specifically targeting proteins on the glioblastoma cell *** strategies incorporating protein-targeted therapy and immune-based therapies demonstrate great promise for future clinical ***,gaining insights into the role of cell-of-origin in glioblastoma treatment response holds the potential to advance precision medicine *** these challenges is crucial to improving outcomes for glioblastoma patients and moving towards more effective precision therapies.

关键词： glioblastoma therapies targeted

Community-Based Hepatitis B Campaign in Asian Americans

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2024年第9期15卷 389-412页

作者： Chul S. Hyun Soonsik Kim sarah Hyun Joseph McMenamin The Center for Viral Hepatitis Englewood Cliffs NJ USA Korean Community Services of Metropolitan New York Bayside NY USA Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University New York NY USA Christian & Barton LLP Richmond VA USA

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) disproportionately affects minority groups in the US, particularly Asian Americans, with numerous factors contributing to this disparity. Of the 2.4 million people living with chronic HBV in the US, 60% are Asian American. Many are unaware of their status and lack access to proper clinical care, with less than ten percent receiving necessary antiviral treatment. Barriers to screening and care include lack of disease awareness, language and cultural barriers, and financial constraints. Additionally, healthcare providers and systems in the US often overlook the importance of CHB, leading to inadequate care. In response, the Center for Viral Hepatitis (CVH) has implemented a community-based outreach program over the past sixteen years, employing a multifaceted approach involving all sectors of society and various organizations to combat health disparities in CHB. This grassroots campaign has proven highly effective, leveraging CVH’s leadership in spearheading numerous collaborative activities with community members, healthcare professionals, and policymakers. We have summarized the key points of CVH's efforts and their significance in combating CHB-related health disparities. The CHB Screening and Awareness Campaign, tailored to the Asian American community, serves as a successful model for increasing CHB screening, linkage-to-care, and addressing socio-cultural barriers and health literacy. Insights from these outreach programs have guided the development of culturally relevant resources and education initiatives. These findings suggest that such community-driven approaches are essential for addressing health disparities. The strategies and outcomes of CVH’s efforts can inform future health initiatives for other minority communities in the US and globally.

关键词： Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Health Disparity Health Inequity Asian Americans Cultural Competence in Healthcare Community-Based Screening Linkage-to-Care (LTC)

Comparison of fungal vs bacterial infections in the medical intensive liver unit:Cause or corollary for high mortality?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 379-392页

作者： sarah Khan Hanna Hong Stephanie Bass Yifan Wang Xiao-Feng Wang Omar T Sims Christine E Koval Aanchal Kapoor Christina C Lindenmeyer Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Pharmacy Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Quantitative Health Sciences/Biostatistics Section Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Infectious Disease Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Critical Care Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

BACKGROUND Due to development of an immune-dysregulated phenotype,advanced liver disease in all forms predisposes patients to sepsis acquisition,including by opportunistic pathogens such as *** data exists on fungal infection within a medical intensive liver unit(MILU),particularly in relation to acute on chronic liver *** To investigate the impact of fungal infections among critically ill patients with advanced liver disease,and compare outcomes to those of patients with bacterial *** From our prospective registry of MILU patients from 2018-2022,we included 27 patients with culture-positive fungal infections and 183 with bacterial *** compared outcomes between patients admitted to the MILU with fungal infections to bacterial *** was extracted through chart *** All fungal infections were due to Candida species,and were most frequently blood *** among patients with fungal infections was significantly worse relative to the bacterial cohort(93%vs 52%,P<0.001).The majority of the fungal cohort developed grade 2 or 3 acute on chronic liver failure(ACLF)(90%vs 64%,P=0.02).Patients in the fungal cohort had increased use of vasopressors(96%vs 70%,P=0.04),mechanical ventilation(96%vs 65%,P<0.001),and dialysis due to acute kidney injury(78%vs 52%,P=0.014).On MILU admission,the fungal cohort had significantly higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(108 vs 91,P=0.003),Acute Physiology Score(86 vs 65,P=0.003),and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium scores(86 vs 65,P=0.041).There was no significant difference in the rate of central line use preceding culture(52%vs 40%,P=0.2).Patients with fungal infection had higher rate of transplant hold placement,and lower rates of transplant;however,differences did not achieve statistical *** Mortality was worse among patients with fungal infections,likely attributable to severe ACLF *** studies examinin

关键词： Fungal Infection Sepsis Acute on chronic liver failure Intensive care

19世纪的欧洲肖像画长什么样?——钢琴之王李斯特

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艺术品鉴 2024年第4期 46-51页

作者： sarah 不详

“钢琴之王”费伦茨·李斯特(Franz Liszt,1811-1886年),除了能出神入化地演奏钢琴,还能谱写钢琴曲、歌曲与管弦乐曲,他的成就是音乐史上极重要的一页。这位西方古典音乐界第一位真正意义上的超级明星以一头飘逸的长发和棱角鲜明的俊俏... 详细信息

“钢琴之王”费伦茨·李斯特(Franz Liszt,1811-1886年),除了能出神入化地演奏钢琴,还能谱写钢琴曲、歌曲与管弦乐曲,他的成就是音乐史上极重要的一页。这位西方古典音乐界第一位真正意义上的超级明星以一头飘逸的长发和棱角鲜明的俊俏面庞,就像一场风暴席卷19世纪中叶的欧洲大陆。

关键词：李斯特管弦乐曲费伦茨西方古典音乐 19世纪中叶超级明星肖像画钢琴