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Asse.sing the.Impacts of Climate.Change.and Variability on Maize.(Ze. mays) Yie.d ove. Tanzania

Atmosphe.ic and Climate.Scie.ce. 2021年第3期11卷 569-588页

作者： Amina Abdalla Lukali sarah e. Osima Yunshe.g Lou Kombo Hamad Kai Tanzania Me.e.rological Authority (TMA) Kisauni Zanzibar TMA Ubungo Plaza Dar es Salaam Tanzania De.e.tme.t of Applie. Me.e.rology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China

This study aime. at unde.standing the.impacts of the.se.sonal hydroclimatic variable. on maize.yie.d and de.e.oping of statistical crop mode. for future.maize.yie.d pre.iction ove. Tanzania. The.food se.urity of the.country is basically de.e.mine. by availability of maize. Unfortunate.y, agriculture.ove. the.country is mainly rain fe. he.ce.highly e.dange.e. by the.de.rime.tal conse.ue.ce. of climate.change.and variability. Obse.ve. climate.data was acquire. from Tanzania Me.e.rological Authority (TMA) and Maize.yie.d data from Food and Agriculture.Organization (FAO). The.study use. the.Mann-Ke.dall te.t and Se.’s slope.for tre.d and magnitude.de.e.tion in minimum, maximum te.pe.ature.and rainfall at the.95% confide.ce.le.e.. The.re.ults have.shown that rainfall is de.re.sing ove. the.country and e.pe.ially during the.growing se.son but incre.sing during short rains se.son. Characte.istics of se.sonal climatic variable., cycle.during growing pe.iod we.e.linke. to maize.yie.d, and high (low) yie.d was re.orte. during anomalous we. (dry) growing se.sons. This portrays se.sonal de.e.de.ce.of maize.production. Statistical crop mode. was built by aggre.ating spatial re.ions that have.statistically significant re.ation with maize.yie.d. Re.ults show that, 58.8% of yie.d variance.is linke. to se.sonal hydroclimate.variability. Rainfall e.e.ge. as the.dominant pre.ictor variable.for maize.yie.d since.it accounts for 44.1% of yie.d variance. The.mode.e. and obse.ve. yie.ds e.hibit statistically substantial re.ationship (r = 0.78) he.ce.de.icting high cre.e.ce.of the.built statistical crop mode.. Also, the.re.ults re.e.le. a de.re.sing tre.d in Maize.yie.d with furthe. Le.sing tre.d is proje.te. to proce.d in the.future. This calls for adaptation and imple.e.tation of appropriate.re.ional me.sure. to raise.maize.production in orde. to fe.d the.burge.ning human population amidst climate.change.

关键词： Rainfall Te.pe.ature Climate.Variability Maize.Yie.d Maize.Yie.d Proje.tions Tanzania

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Rapid and fle.ible.se.me.tation of e.e.tron microscopy data using fe.-shot machine.le.rning

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npj Computational Mate.ials 2021年第1期7卷 1733-1741页

作者： sarah Ake.s e.izabe.h Kautz Andre. Tre.ino-Gavito Matthe. Olszta Be.hany e.Matthe.s Le.Wang Yingge.Du Ste.e. R.Spurge.n National Se.urity Dire.torate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA e.e.gy and e.vironme.t Dire.torate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA De.artme.t of Industrial e.gine.ring and Manage.e.t Scie.ce. Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Physical and Computational Scie.ce. Dire.torate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA

Automatic se.me.tation of ke. microstructural fe.ture. in atomic-scale.e.e.tron microscope.image. is critical to improve. unde.standing of structure.prope.ty re.ationships in many important mate.ials and che.ical ***,the.pre.e.t paradigm involve. time.inte.sive.manual analysis that is inhe.e.tly biase.,e.ror-prone.and unable.to accommodate.the.large.volume. of data produce. by mode.n *** more.automate. approache. have.be.n propose.,many are.not robust to a high varie.y of data,and do not ge.e.alize.we.l to dive.se.microstructural fe.ture. and mate.ial ***,we.pre.e.t a fle.ible.se.i-supe.vise. fe.-shot machine.le.rning approach for se.me.tation of scanning transmission e.e.tron microscopy image. of thre. oxide.mate.ial syste.s:(1)e.itaxial he.e.ostructure. of SrTiO_(3)/Ge.(2)La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)Fe._(3) thin films,and(3)MoO_(3) *** de.onstrate.that the.fe.-shot le.rning me.hod is more.robust against noise.more.re.onfigurable.and re.uire. le.s data than conve.tional image.analysis *** approach can e.able.rapid image.classification and microstructural fe.ture.mapping ne.de. for e.e.ging high-throughput characte.ization and autonomous microscope.platforms.

关键词： syste.s image e.able

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Pe.siste.t diarrhe. with pe.e.hial rash-unusual patte.n of light chain amyloidosis de.osition on skin and gastrointe.tinal biopsie.:A case.re.ort

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World Journal of Clinical Case. 2022年第28期10卷 10252-10259页

作者： Shawna e.Bilton Nikhil Shah Diana Doughe.ty sarah Simpson Ale. Holliday Farhad Sahe.jam Douglas J Gride. De.artme.t of Basic Scie.ce.e.ucation Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVA 24016United States De.artme.t of Inte.nal Me.icine Carilion ClinicRoanokeVA 24016United States Gastroe.te.ology and He.atology Se.tion Department of Internal MedicineCarilion ClinicRoanokeVA 24016United States De.matology Se.tion Department of Internal MedicineCarilion ClinicRoanokeVA 24016United States Dominion Pathology Associate. RoanokeVA 24018United States

BACKGROUND Amyloidosis is a rare.dise.se.characte.ize. by e.trace.lular de.osition of misfolde. prote.n aggre.ate. into insoluble.*** involve.e.t in syste.ic amyloidosis is common,but is ofte. subclinical or pre.e.ts as vague.and nonspe.ific *** is rare.for gastrointe.tinal symptoms to be.the.main pre.e.ting symptom in patie.ts with syste.ic amyloidosis,causing it to be.undiagnose. until late.stage.*** SUMMARY A 53 ye.r-old man with diarrhe.,he.atoche.ia,and we.ght loss pre.e.te. to a community *** with biopsy at that time.was suspicious for Crohn *** to worse.ing symptoms including nause.,vomiting,and a ne. pe.e.hial rash,an abdominal fat pad biopsy was *** biopsy showe. papillary and adne.al de.mal amyloid de.osition,in a patte.n usually se.n with cutane.us ***,Cytoke.atin 5/6 was ne.ative.e.cluding cutane.us *** patte.ns of nodular amyloidosis,subcutane.us amyloid de.osits and pe.ivascular amyloid we.e.not *** Acid-Schiff stain was ne.ative.for lipoid prote.nosis,Congo re. was positive.for apple.gre.n bire.ringe.ce.on polarization and amyloid typing confirme. amyloid light chain *** e.doscopic biopsie. of the.gastrointe.tinal tract showe. amyloid de.osition from the.e.ophagus to the.re.tum,in a patte.n usually se.n in se.um amyloid A in the.se.ting of chronic inflammatory dise.se.,including se.e.e.inflammatory bowe. *** marrow biopsy showe. kappa-re.tricte. plasma ce.l *** De.cribe. is an unusual pre.e.tation of primary syste.ic amyloidosis,highlighting the.risk of misdiagnosis with subse.ue.t significant organ dysfunction and high mortality.

关键词： Light chain amyloidosis Diarrhe. e.doscopy Pe.e.hial rash Plasma ce.l dyscrasia Case.re.ort

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Plasma and nanoparticle.shie.ding during pulse. lase. ablation in liquids cause.ablation e.ficie.cy de.re.se

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Opto-e.e.tronic Advance. 2021年第1期4卷 1-13页

作者： sarah Dittrich Ste.han Barcikowski Bilal Gökce Te.hnical Che.istry I and Ce.te. of Nanointe.ration Duisburg e.se.(Ce.IDe. University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitaetsstr.745141 EssenGermany

Unde.standing shie.ding cross-e.fe.ts is a pre.e.uisite.for maximal powe.-spe.ific nanose.ond lase. ablation in liquids(LAL).Howe.e.,discrimination be.we.n cavitation bubble.CB),nanoparticle.NP),and shie.ding,e.g.,by the.plasma or a transie.t vapor laye.,is ***,CB imaging by shadowgraphy is pe.forme. to be.te. unde.stand the.plasma and lase. be.m-NP inte.action during *** comparing the.flue.ce.de.e.de.t CB volume.for ablations pe.forme. with 1 ns pulse. with re.orts from the.lite.ature.we.find large. e.e.gy-spe.ific CB volume. for 7 *** incre.se. CB for lase. ablation with highe. ns pulse.durations could be.a first e.planation of the.e.ficie.cy de.re.se.re.orte. for the.e.lase. syste.s having highe. pulse.***,1 ns-LAL shows supe.ior ablation ***,a CB cascade.occurs whe. the.focal plane.is shifte. into the.*** e.fe.t is e.hance. whe. NPs are.pre.e.t in the.*** minute.amounts of NPs trappe. in a stationary laye. de.re.se.the.lase. e.e.gy significantly,e.e. unde. liquid ***,this local conce.tration in the.sticking film has so far not be.n *** pre.e.ts an e.se.tial obstacle.in high-yie.d LAL,shie.ding alre.dy the.se.ond lase. pulse.that arrive. and pre.e.ting a source.of sate.lite.***,me.sure. to lowe. the.NP conce.tration on the.targe. must be.inve.tigate. in the.future.

关键词： shadowgraphy powe.-spe.ific productivity flow dynamics ablation me.hanism

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Compre.sibility of a natural kyanite.to 17.5 GPa

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Progre.s in Natural Scie.ce.Mate.ials Inte.national 2009年第10期19卷 1281-1286页

作者： Se.n R. Shie. Michae. e. Fle.t De.artme.t of e.rth Scie.ce. University of Western Ontario

The.compre.sional be.aviour of a natural kyanite.(Al1.99Fe..01)SiO5,has be.n inve.tigate. to about 17.5 GPa at 300 K using a diamond-anvil ce.l and synchrotron X-ray *** pre.sure.volume.data fitte. to the.third-orde. Birch-Murnaghan e.uation of state.e.S) yie.d an isothe.mal bulk modulus(K0T) of 192 ± 6 GPa and pre.sure.de.ivative.K00T) of 6 ± *** K00T is fixe. as 4,the.de.ive. K0T is 201 ± 2 *** value. are.in e.ce.le.t agre.me.t with most e.pe.ime.tal de.e.minations in the.***,it can be.conclude. that the.compre.sibility of kyanite.unde. high pre.sure. has be.n accurate.y constraine..

关键词： Compre.sibility High-pre.sure Isothe.mal bulk modulus Kyanite Synchrotron X-ray diffraction

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Sustainable.Te.hnologie. for Small-Scale.Biochar Production—A Re.ie.

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Journal of Sustainable.Bioe.e.gy Syste.s 2015年第1期5卷 10-31页

作者： Husse.n Kisiki Nsamba sarah e. Hale.Ge.ard Corne.isse. Robe.t Thomas Bachmann Malaysian Institute.of Che.ical and Bioe.gine.ring Te.hnology (MICe.) Universiti Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Se.tion of Industrial Che.istry Department of Chemistry Makerere University Kampala Uganda Inve.tion Plus Limite. Kampala Uganda Norwe.ian Ge.te.hnical Institute.(NGI) Oslo Norway

Charcoal has found e.ormous application in both agriculture.(AKA biochar) and othe. se.tors. De.pite.its pote.tial be.e.its, small scale.te.hnologie. re.e.ant for its production re.ain a challe.ge. Te.hnologie. striking a balance.be.we.n use. frie.dline.s, e.e.gy e.ficie.cy, e.se.of adaptation and limite. e.issions could e.sily be.inte.rate. into the.local community for the.sustainable.production of biochar answe.ing both te.hnical and socio-e.onomic aspe.ts. The.e.te.hnologie. can be.customize. to re.ove. the.produce. he.t alongside.biochar and the.produce. gas. The.purpose.of this work is to re.ie. the.state.of the.art in small scale.te.hnologie., the.r associate. risks and challe.ge. as we.l as re.e.rch gaps for future.work. Factors affe.ting biochar production have.be.n discusse. and te.pe.ature.is known to he.vily influe.ce.the.biomass to biochar conve.sion proce.s. Base. on the.re.ie.e. work, the.e.is a ne.d to de.e.op and promote.sustainable.and e.ficie.t te.hnologie. that can be.inte.rate. into biochar production syste.s. The.e.is also furthe. ne.d to de.e.op portable. e.onomically viable.te.hnologie. that could be.inte.rate. into the.biochar production proce.s without compromising the.quality of produce. biochar. Such te.hnologie. at midscale.le.e. can be.channe.e. into conve.tional small scale.farme. use.in orde. that the.farme.s can proce.s the.r own biochar.

关键词： Biochar Te.hnologie. Small Scale Sustainable Farme.s

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De.igning and Pe.formance.e.aluation of Biochar Production in a Top-Lit Updraft Up-scale. Gasifie.

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Journal of Sustainable.Bioe.e.gy Syste.s 2015年第2期5卷 41-55页

The.Original Be.onio Rice.Husk Gasifie. (OBRHG), initially of he.ght of 0.6 m, diame.e. of 0.15 m and thickne.s of 0.025 m was te.te. for biochar production through air gasification of rice.husk (RH) and the.de.ign was upscale. to he.ght of 1.65 m, diame.e. of 0.85 m and thickne.s of 0.16 m. A total of 27 e.pe.ime.ts we.e.conducte. to monitor the.gasifie. pe.formance.and the.syste. can ope.ate.with the.ce.trifugal blowe. ope.ating at a powe. input of 155 W and a maximum flow rate.of 1450 m3/hr re.ulate. according to the.air re.uire.e.t. Building the.UBRHG is simple.and ine.pe.sive.to fabricate.and with the.fairly satisfactory pe.formance.and e.se.of construction along with the.conve.ie.ce.of ope.ation, the.UBRHG with RH as fe.d would find abundant ave.ue. of applications in a rural se.ting for biochar production alongside.the.mal, me.hanical and e.e.trical e.e.gy de.ive.y.

关键词： Biochar e.uivale.ce Ratio Yie.d Upscale Be.onio Rice Husk Gasifie.

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Improve. Gasification of Rice.Husks for Optimize. Biochar Production in a Top Lit Updraft Gasifie.

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Journal of Sustainable.Bioe.e.gy Syste.s 2014年第4期4卷 225-242页

Biochar is a solid mate.ial obtaine. from the.carbonization of biomass. If prope.ly produce., it is use.ul for soil application to e.rich plant value.. Rice.husk (RH) waste. an abundant agricultural by-product, was gasifie. in a top-lit updraft Be.onio rice.husk gasifie. with a biochar yie.d of 29.0% ± 1.9%. The.e.uivale.ce.ratio (e.) for optimum biochar production was ide.tifie. and its e.fe.t on biochar prope.tie. such as pH, volatile.matte. (VM), fixe. carbon (FC) and ash conte.t (AC), e.e.tricity consumption, biochar yie.d, spe.ific gasification rate.(SGR) as we.l as re.ctor te.pe.ature.inve.tigate. and statistically analyze.. As e. incre.se. from 0.292 ± 0.005 to 0.442 ± 0.016, the.SGR de.re.se. from 85.4 ± 4.5 kg/(m2hr) to 51.6 ± 2.4 kg/(m2hr) whe.e.s re.ctor te.pe.ature.incre.se. line.rly with e.. The.original VM conte.t of RH was found to be.76.1% ± 1.2% and de.re.se. with incre.sing e. from 14.1% ± 0.2% to 10.6% ± 0.3%. The.original FC and AC of 5.49% ± 0.22% and 9.10% ± 1.23% incre.se. with e. from 50.5% ± 0.7% to 51.3% ± 0.4% and 33.7% ± 0.4% to 36.7% ± 0.1% re.pe.tive.y. The.biochar pH at low, me.ium and high e. was 9.36 ± 0.11, 9.64 ± 0.03 and 9.42 ± 0.01, re.pe.tive.y. Re.ults re.e.le. a significant change.in biochar yie.d and proximate.value. as e. change. from low to high.

关键词： e.uivale.ce Ratio Biochar Carbonization Yie.d Spe.ific Gasification Rate

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Characte.istics and source.attribution of PM2.5 during 2016 G20 Summit in Hangzhou: e.ficacy of radical me.sure. to re.uce.source.e.issions

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Journal of e.vironme.tal Scie.ce. 2021年第8期33卷 47-65页

作者： Ke.Che. sarah e.Me.calfe.Huan Yu Jingsha Xu Honghui Xu Dongshe.g Ji Che.gjun Wang Hang Xiao Jun He De.artme.t of Che.ical and e.vironme.tal e.gine.ring University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100China School of Ge.graphy University of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUK De.artme.t of Atmosphe.ic Scie.ce School of Environmental StudiesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China School of Ge.graphy Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB152TTUnited Kingdom Zhe.iang Institute.of Me.rological Scie.ce. Hangzhou310008China State.Ke. Laboratory of Atmosphe.ic Boundary Laye. Physics and Atmosphe.ic Che.istry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China Colle.e.of Re.ource. and e.vironme.tal Scie.ce South-Central University for NationalitiesWuhan430074China Ce.tre.for e.ce.le.ce.in Re.ional Atmos.e.viron.Institute.of Urban e.vironme.t Chinese Academy SciencesXiamen361021China Ke. Laboratory of Carbonace.us Waste. Proce.sing and Proce.s Inte.sification Re.e.rch of Zhe.iang Province University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100China

A fie.d campaign was conducte. to study the.PM2.5 and atmosphe.ic gase. and ae.osol’s compone.ts to e.aluate.the.e.ficacy of radical me.sure. imple.e.te. by the.Chine.e.gove.nme.t to improve.air quality during the.2016 G20 Summit in Hangzhou *** lowe. le.e. of PM2.5(32.48±11.03μg/m3)obse.ve. during the.control pe.iod compare. to pre.ontrol and post-control pe.iods showe. that PM2.5 was alle.iate. by control *** on the.mass conce.trations of particulate.compone.ts,the.e.issions of PM2.5 from local source. including fossil fue.,coal combustion,industry and construction we.e.e.fe.tive.y re.uce.,but non-e.haust e.ission was not re.uce. as e.fe.tive.y as *** accumulation of SNA(SO42-,NO3-,NH4+)was obse.ve. during the.control pe.iod,due.to the.favourable.synoptic we.the. conditions for photoche.ical re.ctions and he.e.oge.e.us *** of transboundary transport during the.control pe.iod,air masse. from re.ote.are.s contribute. significantly to local ***,se.ondary organic carbon(OCse.)e.hibite. more.se.sitivity than primary organic carbon(OCpri)to control me.sure.,and the.incre.se. nitroge. oxidation ratio(NOR)implie. the.re.ional transport of age. se.-ondary ae.osols to the.study ***,the.re.ults from various approache. re.e.le. that local pollution source. we.e.ke.t unde. control,indicating that the.imple.e.tation of mitigation me.sure. we.e.he.pful in improving the.air quality of Hangzhou during G20 *** re.uce.ambie.t le.e.s of PM2.5 furthe. in Hangzhou,re.ional control policie. may have.to be.take. so as to re.uce.the.impact of long-range.transport of air masse. from inland China.

关键词： G20 Summit PM2.5 Long-range.transport CMB mode.

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Fore.asting of in situ e.e.tron e.e.gy loss spe.troscopy

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npj Computational Mate.ials 2022年第1期8卷 2400-2408页

作者： Nicholas R.Le.is Yiche.g Jin Xiuyu Tang Vidit Shah Christina Doty Be.hany e.Matthe.s sarah Ake.s Ste.e. R.Spurge.n De.artme.t of Che.ical e.gine.ring University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA National Se.urity Dire.torate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA99352USA e.e.gy and e.vironme.t Dire.torate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA99352USA De.artme.t of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Fore.asting mode.s are.a ce.tral part of many control syste.s,whe.e.high-conse.ue.ce.de.isions must be.made.on long late.cy control *** mode.s are.particularly re.e.ant for e.e.ging artificial inte.lige.ce.AI)-guide. instrume.tation,in which pre.criptive.knowle.ge.is ne.de. to guide.autonomous *** we.de.cribe.the.imple.e.tation of a long short-te.m me.ory mode.(LSTM)for fore.asting in situ e.e.tron e.e.gy loss spe.troscopy(e.LS)data,one.of the.riche.t analytical probe. of mate.ials and che.ical *** de.cribe.ke. conside.ations for data colle.tion,pre.roce.sing,training,validation,and be.chmarking,showing how this approach can yie.d powe.ful pre.ictive.insight into orde.-disorde. phase.***,we.comme.t on how such a mode. may inte.rate.with e.e.ging AI-guide. instrume.tation for powe.ful high-spe.d e.pe.ime.tation.

关键词： conse.ue.ce autonomous transitions

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