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Anti-fatty liver effects of oils from Zingiber officinale and curcuma longa on ethanol-induced fatty liver in rats

Journal of Integrative Medicine 2014年第1期12卷 59-65页

作者： sarah Onyenibe Nwozo Damilola Adeola Osunmadewa Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye Nutritional and Industrial Research Laboratories Department of BiochemistryFaculty of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of MedicineUniversity of Ibadan Department of Biochemistry College of SciencesAfe Babalola University

OBJEcTIVE： The present study is aimed at evaluating the protective effects of oils from Zingiber officinale （ginger） and curcuma Ionga （turmeric） on acute ethanol-induced fatty liver in male Wistar rats. METHODS： Ferric reducing antioxidant power activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity of the oils were evaluated ex vivo. Rats were pretreated for 28 d with standard drug （Livolin Forte） and oils from Z. officinale and c. Ionga before they were exposed to 45% ethanol （4.8 g/kg） to induce acute fatty liver. Histological changes were observed and the degree of protection was measured by using biochemical parameters such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities. Serum triglyceride （TG） level, total cholesterol （Tc） level and the effects of both oils on reduced gluthatione （GSH）, glutathione-S- transferase （GST）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and hepatic malondialdehyde （MDA） levels were estimated. RESULTS： Oils from Z. officinale and c. Ionga at a dose of 200 mg/kg showed hepatoprotection by decreasing the activities of serum enzymes, serum TG, serum Tc and hepatic MDA, while they significantly restored the level of GSH as well as GST and SOD activities. Histological examination of rats tissues was related to the obtained results. cONcLUSION： From the results it may be concluded that oils from Z. officinale and c. Ionga （200 mg/kg） exhibited hepatoprotective activity in acute ethanol-induced fatty liver and Z. officinale oil was identified to have better effects than c. Ionga oil.

关键词： curcuma Ionga Zingiber officinale plant extracts fatty liver in vivo

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Do key innovations unlock diversification?A case-study on the morphological and ecological impact of pharyngognathy in acanthomorph fishes

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current Zoology 2020年第5期66卷 575-588页

作者： Olivier Larouche Jennifer R.Hodge Laura R.V.Alencar Benjamin camper Danielle S.Adams Katerina Zapfe sarah T.Friedman Peter c.Wainwright Samantha A.Price Department of Biological Sciences Clemson UniversityClemsonSC29634USA Department of Evolution&Ecology University of California DavisDavisCA95616USA

Key inn ovations may allow lin eages access to new resources and facilitate the invasi on of new adaptive zon es,potentially influencing diversificati on patter *** studies have focused on the impact of key inno vations on speciation rates,but far less is known about how they influe nee phe notypic rates and patterns of ecomorphological *** use the repeated evolution of pharyngognathy within acanthomorph fishes,a commonly cited key innovation,as a case study to explore the predicti ons of key inn ovation ***,we in vestigate whether transiti ons to phary ngognathy led to shifts in the rate of phenotypic evolution,as well as shifts and/or expansion in the occupation of morphological and dietary space,using a dataset of 8 morphological traits measured across 3,853 species of *** the 6 evolutionarily independent pharyngognathous clades together,we found no evidence to support pharyngognathy as a key innovation;however,comparisons between individual pharyngognathous lineages and their sister clades did reveal some consistent *** morphospace,most pharyngognathous clades cluster in areas that correspond to deeper-bodied morphologies relative to their sister clades,whereas occupying greater areas in dietary space that reflects a more diversified diet Additi on ally,both cichlidae and Labridae exhibited higher univariate rates of phenotypic evolution compared with their closest ***,few of these results were exceptional relative to our null *** results suggest that transitions to pharyngognathy may only be advantageous when combined with additional ecological or intrinsic factors,illustrating the importance of account!ng for lineage-specific effects when testing key innovation ***,the challenges we experienced formulating informative comparisons,despite the ideal evolutionary scenario of multiple independent evolutionary origins of pharyngognathous clades,illustrates the comple

关键词： Acanthomorpha comparative methods ecomorphological diversification evolutionary innovations phenotypic rates

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The nanostructure of barium dititanate prepared by hydrothermal method

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2019年第2期9卷 7-13页

作者： sarah L.Rasheed Emad K.Al-Shakarchi Physics Department College of Science Al-Nahrain UniversityBaghdadIraq

The dielectric ceramic of barium dititanate compound BaTi_(2)O_(5) had been prepared through the hydrothermal process by applying different parameters,such as pH-value,reaction time,temperature and *** prepared powders were examined by X-ray diffraction(XRD).The predominant phase was a monoclinic phase with lattice constants(a=16:6381,b=3:555,c=9:3406Å),(β=107:47°,α=γ=90°),and the unit cell volume(527Å^(3)).The surface morphology was demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM).It exhibited the grains in spherical and elliptical shapes with high *** shapes of nanostructure were analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM).The appearance of nanostructures like the nanoparticles and nano rods were *** size of nanoparticles was in the range of 9–31 nm,and size of nanorods was 32–37 *** dielectric measurements were done by using LcR meter at different temperature and frequencies(10,50 and 100 kHz).It was clear that the curie temperature had a high value up to(485℃).The relative permittivity was partially changed for two prepared samples regarding high pressure and long reaction time,which were the main preparation conditions of hydrothermal method.

关键词： Barium dititanate hydrothermal method nanostructures monoclinic phase dielectric properties

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Multiplexed Five-color Molecular Imaging of cancer cells and Tumor Tissues with carbon Nanotube Raman Tags in the Near-Infrared

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Nano Research 2010年第3期3卷 222-233页

作者： Zhuang Liu Scott Tabakman sarah Sherlock Xiaolin Li Zhuo chen Kaili Jiang Shoushan Fan Hongjie Dai Functional Nano&Soft Materials Laboratory(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department of chemistry Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Physics and Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research center Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)with five different c13/c12 isotope compositions and well-separated Raman peaks have been synthesized and conjugated to five targeting ligands in order to impart molecular *** Raman imaging of live cells has been carried out by highly specific staining of cells with a five-color mixture of *** vivo multiplexed Raman imaging of tumor samples uncovers a surprising up-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)on LS174T colon cancer cells from cell culture to in vivo tumor *** is the first time five-color multiplexed molecular imaging has been performed in the near-infrared(NIR)region under a single laser *** zero interfering background of imaging is achieved due to the sharp Raman peaks unique to nanotubes over the low,smooth autofluorescence background of biological species.

关键词： carbon nanotubes Raman scattering biomedicine multiplexed imaging

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Fatty acid oxidation and autophagy promote endoxifen resistance and counter the effect of AKT inhibition in ER-positive breast cancer cells

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Journal of Molecular cell Biology 2021年第6期13卷 433-444页

作者： Lei Duan sarah calhoun Daeun Shim Ricardo E.Perez Lothar A.Blatter carl G.Maki Department of cell and Molecular Medicine Rush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 60612USA Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology Rush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 60612USA

Tamoxifen(TAM)is the first-line endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor-positive(ER+)breast cancer(Bc).However,acquired resistance occurs in∼50%***,although the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is a viable target for treatment of endocrine therapy-refractory patients,complex signaling feedback loops exist,which can counter the effectiveness of inhibitors of this ***,we analyzed signaling pathways and metabolism in ER+McF7 Bc cell line and their TAM-resistant derivatives that are co-resistant to endoxifen using immunoblotting,quantitative polymerase chain reaction,and the Agilent Seahorse XF *** found that activation of AKT and the energy-sensing kinase AMPK was increased in TAM and endoxifen-resistant ***,ERRα/PGc-1βand their target genes McAD and cPT-1 were increased and regulated by AMPK,which coincided with increased fatty acid oxidation(FAO)and autophagy in TAM-resistant *** of AKT feedback-activates AMPK and ERRα/PGc-1β-McAD/cPT-1 with a consequent increase in FAO and autophagy that counters the therapeutic effect of endoxifen and AKT ***,our results indicate increased activation of AKT and AMPK with metabolic reprogramming and increased autophagy in TAM-resistant *** inhibition of AKT and FAO/autophagy is necessary to fully sensitize resistant cells to endoxifen.

关键词： endoxifen fatty acid oxidation autophagy AMPK AKT

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Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA Mutants Implicate GAUT Genes in the Biosynthesis of Pectin and Xylan in cell Walls and Seed Testa

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Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 1000-1014页

作者： Kerry H. caffall Sivakumar Pattathil sarah E. Phillips Michael G. Hahn Debra Mohnen Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA complex carbohydrate Research center BioEnergy Science Center 315 Riverbend Road University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA Department of Plant Biology University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Galacturonosyltransferase 1 （GAUT1） is an α1,4-D-galacturonosyltransferase that transfers galacturonic acid from uridine 5＇-diphosphogalacturonic acid onto the pectic polysaccharide homogalacturonan （Sterling et al., 2006）. The 25-member Arabidopsis thaliana GAUT1-related gene family encodes 15 GAUT and 10 GAUT-like （GATL） proteins with, respectively, 56-84 and 42-53% amino acid sequence similarity to GAUT1. Previous phylogenetic analyses of AtGAUTs indicated three clades： A through c. A comparative phylogenetic analysis of the Arabidopsis, poplar and rice GAUT families has sub-classified the GAUTs into seven clades： clade A-1 （GAUTs 1 to 3）; A-2 （GAUT4）; A-3 （GAUTs 5 and 6）; A-4 （GAUT7）; B-1 （GAUTs 8 and 9）; B-2 （GAUTs 10 and 11）; and clade c （GAUTs 12 to 15）. The Arabidopsis GAUTs have a distribution comparable to the poplar orthologs, with the exception of GAUT2, which is absent in poplar. Rice, however, has no orthologs of GAUTs 2 and 12 and has multiple apparent orthologs of GAUTs 1, 4, and 7 compared with eitherArabidopsis or poplar. The cell wall glycosyl residue compositions of 26 homozygous T-DNA insertion mutants for 13 of 15 Arabidopsis GAUTgenes reveal significantly and reproducibly different cell walls in specific tissues of gaut mutants 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 from that of wild-type Arabidopsis walls. Pectin and xylan polysaccharides are affected by the loss of GAUT function, as demonstrated by the altered galacturonic acid, xylose, rhamnose, galactose, and arabinose composition of distinct gaut mutant walls. The wall glycosyl residue compositional phenotypes observed among the gaut mutants suggest that at least six different biosynthetic linkages in pectins and/or xylans are affected by the lesions in these GAUTgenes. Evidence is also presented to support a role for GAUT11 in seed mucilage expansion and in seed wall and mucilage composition.

关键词： carbohydrate metabolism cell walls Arabidopsis biosynthesis mutant pectin mucilage

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Machine learning for automated experimentation in scanning transmission electron microscopy

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npj computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 25-40页

作者： Sergei V.Kalinin Debangshu Mukherjee Kevin Roccapriore Benjamin J.Blaiszik Ayana Ghosh Maxim A.Ziatdinov Anees Al-Najjar christina Doty sarah Akers Nageswara S.Rao Joshua c.Agar Steven R.Spurgeon Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA computational Sciences and Engineering Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Argonne National Laboratory Data Science and Learning DivisionChicagoIL 60439USA University of chicago GlobusChicagoIL 60637USA National Security Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

Machine learning(ML)has become critical for post-acquisition data analysis in(scanning)transmission electron microscopy,(S)TEM,imaging and *** emerging trend is the transition to real-time analysis and closed-loop microscope *** effective use of ML in electron microscopy now requires the development of strategies for microscopy-centric experiment workflow design and ***,we discuss the associated challenges with the transition to active ML,including sequential data analysis and out-of-distribution drift effects,the requirements for edge operation,local and cloud data storage,and theory in the loop ***,we discuss the relative contributions of human scientists and ML agents in the ideation,orchestration,and execution of experimental workflows,as well as the need to develop universal hyper languages that can apply across multiple *** considerations will collectively inform the operationalization of ML in next-generation experimentation.

关键词： optimization automated execution

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Alleviative effects of cannabis flower on migraine and headache

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第5期18卷 416-424页

作者： sarah SStith Jegason PDiviant Franco Brockelman Keenan Keeling Branden Hall Storri Lucern Jacob M.Vigil Deparment of Economics Faculy of Economics.University of New MexicoAlbuiquerqueNew Mexico 87131USA Department of Psychology Sudent of Psychologv.University of New Mexico.AlbuquerqueNew Mexico 87131.USA Morebetter Ltd.Sofwure Developer HatsvileMaryland 20781USA Department of Psycholog Faculy of Psychology.University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew Mexico 87131USA

Objective: Few studies to date have measured the real-time effects of consumption of common and commercially available cannabis products for the treatment of headache and migraine under naturalistic conditions. This study examines, for the first time, the effectiveness of using dried cannabis flower, the most widely used type of cannabis product in the United States, in actual time for treatment of headache-and migraine-related pain and the associations between different product characteristics and changes in symptom intensity following cannabis ***: Between 06/10/2016 and 02/12/2019, 699 people used the Releaf Application to record realtime details of their cannabis use, including product characteristics and symptom intensity levels prior to and following self-administration;data included 1910 session-level attempts to treat headache-(1328 sessions) or migraine-related pain(582 sessions). changes in headache-or migraine-related pain intensity were measured on a 0–10 scale prior to, and immediately, following cannabis ***: Ninety-four percent of users experienced symptom relief within a two-hour observation window. The average symptom intensity reduction was 3.3 points on a 0–10 scale(standard deviation = 2.28,cohen's d = 1.58), with males experiencing greater relief than females(P ce greater relief than older users(P = 0.08). Mixed effects regression models showed that, among the known(i.e., labeled) product characteristics, tetrahydrocannabinol levels 10% and higher are the strongest independent predictors of symptom relief, and this effect is particularly prominent in headache rather than migraine sufferers(P c. indica" rather than ‘‘c. sativa" or other hybrid ***: These results suggest that whole dried cannabis flowe

关键词： Migraine Headache cannabis Marijuana Symptom management

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Sugarcane bagasse amendment mitigates nutrient leaching from a mineral soil under tropical conditions

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Pedosphere 2022年第6期32卷 876-883页

作者： Nan XU Jehangir H.BHADHA Abul RABBANY Stewart SWANSON James MMccRAY Yuncong LI sarah LSTRAUSS Rao MYLAVARAPU Horticultural Sciences Department University of FloridaGainesville FL 32611(USA) Everglades Research and Education center University of FloridaBelle Glade FL 33430(USA) Department of Soil Waterand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of FloridaGainesville FL 32611(USA) Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences(IFAS)Extension University of FloridaLaBelle FL 33935(USA) Agronomy Department University of FloridaBelle Glade FL 33430(USA) Department of Soil Waterand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of FloridaHomestead FL 33031(USA) Department of Soil Waterand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of FloridaImmokalee FL 34142(USA)

Large quantities of organic by-products are generated by the sugarcane industry during sugar extraction *** by-products may be used as soil amendments to improve soil quality,as nutrient leaching is common in mineral soils of Florida in USA due to their sandy texture and frequent rain events.A soil column study was designed to evaluate the effects of bagasse application at 85 t ha^(-1) of fresh bagasse,170 t ha^(-1) of fresh bagasse,and 170 t ha^(-1) of fresh bagasse+nitrogen(N)on the leaching potential of carbon(c),N,phosphorus(P),and potassium(K).Bagasse was incorporated within the topsoil(0-15 cm)in outdoor soil columns exposed to natural conditions,with periodical irrigation during the *** approximately 57 weeks,the distributions of c,N,P,and K were evaluated at three soil depths(i.e.,0-15,15-30,and 30-53 cm)within the soil *** organic c(TOc),N,and P in leachates decreased significantly from the soils amended with bagasse compared with the control with no bagasse and no *** on K content changes in the columns,bagasse could also be utilized as a potential source of K for ***,application of bagasse as a soil amendment might be an effective way to sustainably reutilize organic by-products while reducing concerns regarding major nutrients entering groundwater *** results of this study could assist in developing nutrient management plans of using sugarcane bagasse as a potential soil amendment in mineral soils.

关键词： nutrient leaching potential nutrient loss pore volume sandy soil soil amendment soil column sugarcane by-product

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Incorporation of near-real-time hospital occupancy data to improve hospitalization forecast accuracy during the cOVID19 pandemic

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第1期7卷 277-285页

作者： Alexander Preiss Emily Hadley Kasey Jones Marie c.D.Stoner caroline Kery Peter Baumgartner Georgiy Bobashev Jessica Tenenbaum charles carter Kimberly clement sarah Rhea RTI International Research Triangle ParkNCUSA Explosion BerlinGermany North carolina Department of Health and Human Services RaleighNCUSA North carolina State University Department of Population Health and PathobiologyRaleighNCUSA

Public health decision makers rely on hospitalization forecasts to inform cOVID-19 pandemic planning and resource *** forecasts are most relevant when they are accurate,made available quickly,and updated *** rapidly adapted an agent-based model(ABM)to provide weekly 30-day hospitalization forecasts(i.e.,demand for intensive care unit[IcU]beds and non-IcU beds)by state and region in North carolina for public health decision *** ABM was based on a synthetic population of North carolina residents and included movement of agents(i.e.,patients)among North carolina hospitals,nursing homes,and the *** assigned SARScoV-2 infection to agents using county-level compartmental models and determined agents’cOVID-19 severity and probability of hospitalization using synthetic population characteristics(e.g.,age,comorbidities).We generated weekly 30-day hospitalization forecasts during MayeDecember 2020 and evaluated the impact of major model updates on statewide forecast accuracy under a SARS-coV-2 effective reproduction number range of *** the 21 forecasts included in the assessment,the average mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)was 7.8%for non-IcU beds and 23.6%for IcU *** the major model updates,integration of near-real-time hospital occupancy data into the model had the largest impact on improving forecast accuracy,reducing the average MAPE for non-IcU beds from 6.6%to 3.9%and for IcU beds from 33.4%to 6.5%.Our results suggest that future pandemic hospitalization forecasting efforts should prioritize early inclusion of hospital occupancy data to maximize accuracy.

关键词： forecast hospital adapted

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