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Immune checkpoint therapy for pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第43期22卷 9457-9476页

作者： Henrik Johansson Roland Andersson Monika Bauden sarah Hammes Stefan Holdenrieder Daniel Ansari Department of Surgery Clinical Sciences Lund Lund University and Sk?ne University Hospital Institute of Laboratory medicine German Heart Center at the Technical University Munich

Novel treatment modalities are necessary for pancreatic cancer. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibition has shown effect in other solid tumors, and could have a place in pancreatic cancer treatment. Most available clinical studies on immune checkpoint inhibitors for pancreatic cancer are not yet completed and are still recruiting patients. Among the completed trials, there have been findings of a preliminary nature such as delayed disease progression and enhanced overall survival after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors in mono- or combination therapy. However, due to small sample sizes, major results are not yet identifiable. The present article provides a clinical overview of immune checkpoint inhibition in pancreatic cancer. Pub med, Clinical *** and American Society of Clinical Oncology's meeting abstracts were systematically searched for relevant clinical studies. Four articles, five abstracts and 25 clinical trials were identified and analyzed in detail.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Immune checkpoint inhibitors Clinical trials

Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy for functional dyspepsia: Systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第12期22卷 3486-3495页

作者： Li-Jun Du Bin-Rui Chen John J Kim sarah Kim Jin-Hua Shen Ning Dai Department of Gastroenterology Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310020 Zhejiang Province China Division of Gastroenterology Loma Linda University Loma Linda CA 92354 United States

AIM: To evaluate whether Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication therapy benefits patients with functional dyspepsia (FD).METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy and safety of H. pylori eradication therapy for patients with functional dyspepsia published in English (up to May 2015) were identified by searching Pubmed, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library. Pooled estimates were measured using the fixed or random effect model. Overall effect was expressed as a pooled risk ratio (RR) or a standard mean difference (SMD). All data were analyzed with Review Manager 5.3 and Stata ***: This systematic review included 25 RCTs with a total of 5555 patients with FD. Twenty-three of these studies were used to evaluate the benefits of H. pylori eradication therapy for symptom improvement; the pooled RR was 1.23 (95%CI: 1.12-1.36, P < 0.0001). H. pylori eradication therapy demonstrated symptom improvement during long-term follow-up at ≥ 1 year (RR = 1.24; 95%CI: 1.12-1.37, P < 0.0001) but not during short-term follow-up at < 1 year (RR = 1.26; 95%CI: 0.83-1.92, P = 0.27). Seven studies showed no benefit of H. pylori eradication therapy on quality of life with an SMD of -0.01 (95%CI: -0.11 to 0.08, P = 0.80). Six studies demonstrated that H. pylori eradication therapy reduced the development of peptic ulcer disease compared to no eradication therapy (RR = 0.35; 95%CI: 0.18-0.68, P = 0.002). Eight studies showed that H. pylori eradication therapy increased the likelihood of treatment-related side effects compared to no eradication therapy (RR = 2.02; 95%CI: 1.12-3.65, P = 0.02). Ten studies demonstrated that patients who received H. pylori eradication therapy were more likely to obtain histologic resolution of chronic gastritis compared to those who did not receive eradication therapy (RR = 7.13; 95%CI: 3.68-13.81, P < 0.00001).CONCLUSION: The decision to eradicate H. pylori in patients with functional

关键词： Functional dyspepsia Helicobacter pylori eradication Symptom improvement Quality of life Peptic ulceration Meta-analysis

Insight into molecular mechanisms underlying hepatic dysfunction in severe COVID-19 patients using systems biology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第21期27卷 2850-2870页

作者： sarah Musa Hammoudeh Arabella Musa Hammoudeh Poorna Manasa Bhamidimarri Bassam Mahboub Rabih Halwani Qutayba Hamid Mohamed Rahmani Rifat Hamoudi Sharjah Institute for medical Research College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates College of medicine University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates General Surgery Department Tawam HospitalSEHAAl-Ain 15258United Arab Emirates Rashid Hospital 315 Umm Hurair SecondDubai Health AuthorityDubai 4545United Arab Emirates Meakins-Christie Laboratories McGill UniversityQuebec H4A 3J1MontrealCanada Division of Surgery and Interventional Science University College LondonLondon W1W 7TYUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),a pandemic contributing to more than 105 million cases and more than 2.3 million deaths worldwide,was described to be frequently accompanied by extrapulmonary manifestations,including liver *** dysfunction and elevated liver enzymes were observed in about 53%of COVID-19 *** To gain insight into transcriptional abnormalities in liver tissue of severe COVID-19 patients that may result in liver *** The transcriptome of liver autopsy samples from severe COVID-19 patients against those of non-COVID donors was *** expressed genes were identified from normalized RNA-seq data and analyzed for the enrichment of functional clusters and *** differentially expressed genes were then compared against the genetic signatures of liver diseases including cirrhosis,fibrosis,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and hepatitis A/B/*** expression of some differentially expressed genes was assessed in the blood samples of severe COVID-19 patients with liver dysfunction using *** Analysis of the differential transcriptome of the liver tissue of severe COVID-19 patients revealed a significant upregulation of transcripts implicated in tissue remodeling including G-coupled protein receptors family genes,DNAJB1,IGF2,EGFR,and ***,the differential transcriptome of severe COVID-19 liver tissues substantially overlapped with the disease signature of liver diseases characterized with pathological tissue remodeling(liver cirrhosis,Fibrosis,NAFLD,and hepatitis A/B/C).Moreover,we observed a significant suppression of transcripts implicated in metabolic pathways as well as mitochondrial function,including cytochrome P450 family members,ACAD11,CIDEB,GNMT,and ***,drug and xenobiotics metabolism pathways are significantly suppressed suggesting a decrease in liver detoxification *** correspondence with the RNA-seq data analysis,we observ

关键词： COVID-19 Hepatic dysfunction Tissue remodeling Metabolic pathways Drug metabolism Hepatic detoxification

Review of key telepsychiatry outcomes

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2016年第2期6卷 269-282页

作者： Sam Hubley sarah B Lynch Christopher Schneck Marshall Thomas Jay Shore Helen and Arthur E Johnson Depression Center Department of Family Medicine Department of Clinical Health Psychology University of Colorado Denver

AIM: To conduct a review of the telepsychiatry ***: We conducted a systematic search of the literature on telepsychiatry using the search terms, "telepsychiatry", "telemental health", "telecare", "telemedicine", "e-health", and "videoconferencing". To meet criteria for inclusion, studies had to:(1) be published in a peer-reviewed journal after the year 2000;(2) be written in English;(3) use videoconferencing technology for the provision of mental health assessment or treatment services; and(4) use an adequately-powered randomized controlled trial design in the case of treatment outcome studies. Out of 1976 studies identified by searches in Pub med(medline database), Ovid medline, Psych Info, Embase, and EBSCO PSYCH, 452 met inclusion criteria. Studies that met all inclusion criteria were organized into one of six categories:(1) satisfaction;(2) reliability;(3) treatment outcomes;(4) implementation outcomes;(5) cost effectiveness; and(6) and legal issues. All disagreements were resolved by reassessing study characteristics and ***: Overall, patients and providers are generally satisfied with telepsychiatry services. Providers, however, tend to express more concerns about the potentially adverse of effects of telepsychiatry on therapeutic rapport. Patients are less likely to endorse such concerns about impaired rapport with their provider. Although few studies appropriately employ non-inferiority designs, the evidence taken together suggests that telepsychiatry is comparable to face-to-face services in terms of reliability of clinical assessments and treatment outcomes. When non-inferiority designs were appropriately used, telepsychiatry performed as well as, if not better than face-to-face delivery of mental health services. Studies using both rudimentary and more sophisticated methods for evaluating cost-effectiveness indicate that telepsychiatry is not more expensive than face-to-face delivery of mental health services and that telepsy

关键词： Telepsychiatry Telemental health Videoconferencing Treatment access Implementation

Sepsis: A Systematic Review of Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Therapies

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Modern Research in Inflammation 2022年第2期11卷 9-23页

作者： Jasmine Macias Omar Kahly Roshana Edward sarah Khan Amad Qureshi Alisha Shaik Arta Shala Darsh Shah Socratic med Inc. New York USA

Sepsis is a medical emergency that depicts the body’s systemic immune reaction to an infectious process that could result in organ dysfunction and death. Early sepsis pathogen identification and early delivery of antimicrobial therapy result in better clinical outcomes for patients diagnosed with sepsis and septic shock. Method: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses that discussed sepsis pathogen identification, antibiotic resistance and timing in the treatment of sepsis were taken into account irrespective of the approach of the included studies, quantitative or qualitative. This literature review gathers data from twelve primary studies to perform a systematic review and evaluate existing empirical antibiotic therapies in order to treat the various degrees of sepsis and minimize antibiotic resistance. The remaining reviews, case studies, etc., were used as supplementary references. The studies compiled data from laboratory tests including lactate levels, fluid resuscitation, and diagnostic diagnostics like the SOFA score. Results: This paper identifies multiple factors that must be taken into account when treating individuals with sepsis. Prior to the administration of broad-spectrum empiric antibiotics, the severity and morbidity of the disease must be addressed. Excessive antibiotic usage has been associated with increased sepsis hospitalized mortality rates, and thus it is crucial to minimize antibiotic misuse in non-septic patients. This can be accomplished by differentiating between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, the purpose of biomarkers and identifying the antibiotic resistance pathway. Many patients from low economic statuses may experience difficulties accessing healthcare services and resources for sepsis treatment when diagnosed with sepsis. Additionally, through educational efforts, promoting awareness of sepsis and the relevance of timing in sepsis therapy can help dispel misconceptions about the illness and minimize sepsis patients from rec

关键词： Timing Antibiotics Sepsis Pathogen Resistance

Perioperative glucose management and outcomes in liver transplant recipients: A qualitative systematic review

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World Journal of Transplantation 2018年第3期8卷 75-83页

作者： Prani Paka sarah R Lieber Ruth-Ann Lee Chirag S Desai Robert E Dupuis Alfred Sidney Barritt Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine University of North Carolina Division of Abdominal Transplant Department of Surgery University of North Carolina School of Medicine

AIM To investigate the relationship between post-liver transplantation(LT) glycemic control and LT outcomes. METHODS A qualitative systematic review on relevant prospective interventions designed to control glucose levels including insulin protocols. Studies investigating an association between glycemic control and post-LT outcomes such as mortality, graft rejection, and infection rate were reviewed. Pub med, EMBASE, and other databases were searched through October 2016. RESULTS Three thousands, six hundreds and ninety-two patients from 14 studies were included. Higher mortality rate was seen when blood glucose(BG) ≥ 150 mg/dL(P = 0.05). BG ≥ 150 mg/dL also led to higher rates of infection. Higher rates of graft rejection were seen at BG > 200 mg/dL(P med at managing post-LT hyperglycemia, post-transplant diabetes mellitus(PTDM) and their impact on post-LT outcomes.

关键词： Diabetes Liver transplant Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Outcomes Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Nature：大规模研究揭示生命所必需的基因

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现代生物医学进展 2016年第31期16卷 I0002-I0003页

作者： Dickinson, Mary E. Flenniken, Ann M. Ji, Xiao Teboul, Lydia Wong, Michael D. White, Jacqueline K. Meehan, Terrence F. Weninger, Wolfgang J. Westerberg, Henrik Adissu, Hibret Baker, cand.ce N. Bower, Lynette Brown, James M. Caddle, L. Brianna Chiani, Francesco Clary, Dave Cleak, James Daly, Mark J. Denegre, James M. Doe, Brendan Dolan, Mary E. Edie, sarah M. Fuchs, Helmut Gailus-Durner, Valerie Galli, Antonella Gambadoro, Alessia Gallegos, Juan Guo, Shiying Horner, Neil R. Hsu, Chih-Wei Johnson, Sara J. Kalaga, Sowmya Keith, Lance C. Lanoue, Louise Lawson, Thomas N. Lek, Monkol Mark, Manuel Arschall, Susan M. Mason, Jeremy McElwee, Melissa L. Newbigging, Susan Nutter, Lauryl M. J. Peterson, Kevin A. Ramirez-Solis, Ramiro Rowland, Douglas J. Ryder, Edward Samocha, Kaitlin E. Seavitt, John R. Selloum, Mohammed Szoke-Kovacs, Zsombor Tamura, Masaru Trainor, Amanda G. Tudose, Ilinca Wakana, Shigeharu Warren, Jonathan Wendling, Olivia West, David B. Wong, Leeyean Yoshiki, Atsushi MacArthur, Daniel G. Tocchini-Valentini, Glauco P. Gao, Xiang Flicek, Paul Bradley, Allan Skarnes, William C. Justice, Monica J. Parkinson, Helen E. Moore, Mark Wells, Sara Braun, Robert E. Svenson, Karen L. de Angelis, Martin Hrabe Herault, Yann Mohun, Tim Mallon, Ann-Marie Henkelman, R. Mark Brown, Steve D. M. Adams, David J. Lloyd, K. C. Kent McKerlie, Colin Beaudet, Arthur L. Bucan, Maja Murray, Stephen A. Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys Houston TX 77030 USA Toronto Ctr Phenogen Toronto ON M5T 3H7 Canada Mt Sinai Hosp Toronto ON M5G 1X5 Canada Univ Penn Perelman Sch Med Genom & Computat Biol Program Philadelphia PA 19104 USA med Res Council Harwell Mammalian Genet Unit Harwell OX11 0RD Oxon England Mary Lyon Ctr Harwell OX11 0RD Oxon England Hosp Sick Children Mouse Imaging Ctr Toronto ON M5T 3H7 Canada Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Cambridge CB10 1SA England European Bioinformat Inst European Mol Biol Lab Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Cambridge CB10 1SD England med Univ Vienna Ctr Anat & Cell Biol A-1090 Vienna Austria Hosp Sick Children 555 Univ Ave Toronto ON M5G 1X8 Canada Jackson Lab 600 Main St Bar Harbor ME 04609 USA Univ Calif Davis Mouse Biol Program Davis CA 95618 USA Italian Natl Res Council CNR Inst Cell Biol & Neurobiol Monterotondo Mouse Clin I-00015 Monterotondo Italy Massachusetts Gen Hosp Analyt & Translat Genet Unit Boston MA 02114 USA Broad Inst MIT & Harvard Program Med & Populat Genet Cambridge MA 02142 USA German Res Ctr Environm Hlth Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen Inst Expt Genet D-85764 Neuherberg Germany German Mouse Clin D-85764 Neuherberg Germany Baylor Coll med Dept Mol & Human Genet Houston TX 77030 USA Nanjing Univ Nanjing Biomed Res Inst Collaborat Innovat Ctr Genet & Dev SKL Pharmaceut Biotechnol & Model Anim Res Ctr Nanjing 210061 Jiangsu Peoples R China Univ Strasbourg ICS Infrastruct Natl PHENOMIN F-67404 Illkirch Graffenstaden France Univ Strasbourg INSERM CNRS IGBMC F-67404 Illkirch Graffenstaden France RIKEN BioResource Ctr Tsukuba Ibaraki 3050074 Japan Childrens Hosp Oakland Res Inst Oakland CA 94609 USA IMPC San Anselmo CA 94960 USA Tech Univ Munich Sch Life Sci Weihenstephan Chair Expt Genet D-81675 Freising Weihenstephan Germany German Ctr Diabet Res DZD D-85764 Neuherberg Germany Francis Crick Inst Mill Hill Lab Mill Hill London NW1 1AT England Univ Penn Perlman

在哺乳动物基因组中。大约三分之一的基因是生命所必需的。在一项新的研究中，来自美国贝勒医学院等多个机构的研究人员描述了这些基因的大规模发现。以及它将如何影响对哺乳动物发育和人类疾病的理解。相关研究结果在线发表在Nature期... 详细信息

在哺乳动物基因组中。大约三分之一的基因是生命所必需的。在一项新的研究中，来自美国贝勒医学院等多个机构的研究人员描述了这些基因的大规模发现。以及它将如何影响对哺乳动物发育和人类疾病的理解。相关研究结果在线发表在Nature期刊上，论文标题为“High—throughput discovery of novel developmental phenotypes”。

关键词：动物基因组生命哺乳动物研究人员人类疾病医学院