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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2012年第3期2卷 148-152页

作者： Ahmad Amirabadizadeh sara Memarzadeh Naser Tajabor Hadi Arabi Department of Physics Faculty of Science Fer-dowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Birjand Birjand Iran

In this research two samples of a nominal composition bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox were prepared by the solid state reaction method, using two different routes. Codes A and b are used to refer to the two samples. In preparing sample A, the standard method for calcination was used, while for sample b, the SrCO3 and CaCO3 were calcinated at 1100℃ for 3 h. Calcination was done separately on SrCO3 and CaCO3 in order to eliminate CO2. Then after mixing and grinding, the powder mixtures of bi2O3, CuO, PbO, SrO and CaO were calcinated at 840℃ for 70 h. Also, the samples (samples C) of nominal compositions bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox+ % x Gd2O3 (% x = 0, 3, 5, 7 and 9) have been synthesized by this method. The XRD and SEM results show that addition of Gd2O3 helps to increase the amount of bi-2212 phase, while alternative calcination process improves the formation of the bi-2223 phase. In addition, the AC susceptibility measurements confirm the XRD and SEM results.

关键词： bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O System X-Ray Diffraction Scanning Electron Microscopy AC Susceptibility

Evaluating indicators of human well-being for ecosystem-based management

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第12期3卷 2-19页

作者： sara Jo breslow Margaret Allen Danielle Holstein brit Sojka Raz barnea Xavier basurto Courtney Carothers Susan Charnley arah Coulthard Nives Dolsak Jamie Donatuto Carlos Garcia-Quijano Christina C.Hicks Arielle Levine Michael b.Masci Karma Norman Melissa Poe Terre Satterfield Kevin St.Martin Phillip S.Levin Center for Creative Conservation University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA School of Marine and Environmental Affairs University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Nicholas School of the Environment Duke UniversityBeaufortNCUSA College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska FairbanksAnchorageAKUSA Pacific Northwest Research Station USDA Forest ServicePortlandORUSA Department of Social Sciences and Languages Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Community Environmental Health Program Swinomish Indian Tribal CommunityLa ConnerWAUSA Department of Sociology and Anthropology The University of Rhode IslandKingstonRI USA Center for Ocean Solutions Stanford UniversityMontereyCAUSA Lancaster Environment Center Lancaster UniversityLancasterUK Department of Geography San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCAUSA Moore Center for Science Conservation InternationalArlingtonVAUS Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWAUSA Washington Sea Grant University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Institute for Resources Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Department of Geography RutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJUSA School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA

Introduction:Interrelated social and ecological challenges demand an understanding of how environmental change and management decisions affect human *** paper out-lines a framework for measuring human well-being for ecosystem-based management(EbM).We present a prototype that can be adapted and developed for various scales and *** and managers use indicators to assess status and trends in integrated ecosystem assessments(IEAs).To improve the social science rigor and success of EbM,we developed a systematic and transparent approach for evaluating indicators of human well-being for an ***:Our process is based on a comprehensive conceptualization of human well-being,a scalable analysis of management priorities,and a set of indicator screening criteria tailored to the needs of *** tested our approach by evaluating more than 2000 existing social indicators related to ocean and coastal management of the US West *** focused on two foundational attributes of human well-being:resource access and *** and Discussion:Our results suggest that existing indicators and data are limited in their ability to reflect linkages between environmental change and human well-being,and extremely limited in their ability to assess social equity and *** reveal a critical need for new social indicators tailored to answer environmental questions and new data that are disaggregated by social variables to measure *** both,we stress the importance of collaborating with the people whose well-being is to be ***:Our framework is designed to encourage governments and communities to carefully assess the complex tradeoffs inherent in environmental decision-making.

关键词： Human well-being indicators ecosystem-based management integrated ecosystem assessment resource access self-determination

Retrospective Cohort Study on Acute Care in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Analogies and Differences When Compared to Emergency Medicine

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2017年第4期7卷 473-485页

作者： Giuseppe Chiossi Stefano Palomba sara balduzzi Maged M. Costantine Angela I. Falbo Anna M. Ferrari Giovanni b. La Sala Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova IRCCS Reggio Emilia Italy Statistics Unit Department of Oncology Hematology and Respiratory Diseases University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy Department of Emergency Medicine Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova IRCCS Reggio Emilia Italy University of Modena and Reggio Emilia via Università 4 Modena Italy

Introduction: the demand for urgent obstetric and gynecology care has progressively increased: in the United States approximately 1.4 million gynecologic visits are made to the emergency department (ED) annually, while almost 75% of women make at least 1 unscheduled visit during pregnancy. Moreover, research has recently focused on setting standards in unscheduled care, and developing quality indicators to improve patients’ health. Therefore, we investigated the characteristics of women with acute gynecological or pregnancy complaints using quality indicators developed for emergency medicine, to better define the needs of this population and improve care. Methods: Retrospective cohort study on ED, and Obstetrics and Gynecology (ObGyn) triage visits, at a tertiary care hospital in Italy, during 2012. Data were analyzed with population-averaged logistic regression and Poisson regression. Results: When compared to the 33,557 ED visits, the 9245 ObGyntriage referrals were more frequently associated with pregnancy (≤12 weeks’ gestation, OR: 30.7, 95%CI;24.5 - 38.4;>12 weeks’ gestation, OR 81.2, 95%CI;64.8 - 101.4), vaginal bleeding (OR 156.6, 95%CI;82.7 - 294.4), diurnal (night access OR 0.87, 95% CI;0.78 - 0.96) and weekday access (holiday access OR 0.87, 95%CI;0.78 - 0.95), frequent users (recurrent ED visits IRR 0.87, 95%CI;0.83 - 0.9) and lower hospital admissions (ED admission OR 1.6, 95%CI;1.4 - 1.8). Conclusion: ObGyn triage patients differed from ED users, and were at higher risk of “crowding”. Such diversities should be considered to improve female healthcare services and allocate resources more efficiently.

关键词： Acute Care Obstetric Urgencies Gynecologic Urgencies Obstetrics and Gynecology Triage Emergency Department

Electron Micrographic Representations of Mechanisms of Action of Murine Norovirus on ATCC TIb-71 Cells and Level of Gene Expression

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Advances in Microbiology 2023年第1期13卷 32-47页

作者： Uchenna b. Iloghalu sara E. Miller Akamu J. Ewunkem Janak R. Khatiwada Shurrita S. Davis Leonard L. Williams Department of biology North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro USA Department of biology Guilford College Greensboro USA Department of Pathology Duke University Durham USA Department of biological Sciences Winston-Salem State University Winston-Salem USA Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies Kannapolis North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro USA

Human noroviruses (HuNoV) are the number one cause of viral gastroenteritis worldwide resulting in a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in all age groups. However, despite the medical relevance of HuNoV, effective treatment against norovirus infection is yet to be developed. In this study, we investigated the anti-Noroviral activity of Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) calyces and Zanthoxylum armatum (ZA) seeds using murine norovirus, a surrogate of human norovirus. The antiviral mechanisms of action were also examined using a gene expression studies and transmission electron microscopy. Our results showed that virus-infected cells were left potentially void of all the cell machineries whereas uninfected cells represent healthy normal and dividing cells. The infected treated cells with extracts showed restoration of the dense cytoplasm, cytoplasmic membrane, and the nucleus. These cells were also associated with the expression of ORF genes. This study demonstrates the antiviral properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) calyces and Zanthoxylum armatum (ZA) and thus indicates their potential as natural remedies to treat noroviruses.

关键词： Norovirus Plant Extracts Transmission Electron Microscope Prevention/Control

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基于模糊逻辑的智能驾驶关键技术研究

基于模糊逻辑的智能驾驶关键技术研究

作者： sara Saved M.Abdelkader 湖南大学

学位级别：硕士

在过去的30年,用于城市地面交通工具中自动驾驶技术的开发已经得到了飞速的发展。目前,现代自主驾驶车辆已具备一定感知车辆周围环境的能力,比如根椐分类所分析对象的类型并进行检测;观测周身环境的变化并评估对象的移动可能性;在遵循... 详细信息

在过去的30年,用于城市地面交通工具中自动驾驶技术的开发已经得到了飞速的发展。目前,现代自主驾驶车辆已具备一定感知车辆周围环境的能力,比如根椐分类所分析对象的类型并进行检测;观测周身环境的变化并评估对象的移动可能性;在遵循交通法规的基础之上对复杂的交通现状进行车辆路径规划并分析障碍物的移动方向等。在这些复杂的情况下,这种自主导航能力是建立在很多学科（例如：计算机学、电子工程学、机器人技术和控制学等）的基础之上跨越并结合之后研发的。本学位论文对自主车辆系统所包含很多重叠和整合系统及技术知识进行了探讨,并对从摄像机镜头捕捉到的图像以及对于车辆位置、车辆性质种类、不同物体的速度及来自从各种传感器如GPS、雷达、相机、和其他人对车辆周围的危险指数分析并对相关数据资料加以分析和总结。值得说明的是对所研究对象来判断并得出详细描述他们的内容研究（比如根椐他们的外部形象特征来将其归类）不在本论文的范围内。首先我们设计或规划得出描述每个对象的N个特征向量等数据,每个特征向量包含的数据描述如下：（1）对象属性（比如汽车、人群、树木、障碍物等等）（2）测试车辆和物体之间的距离以[以（x,y）坐标轴的方式描述与计算]。（3）运动客体的相对移动方向[以（x,y）坐标轴的方式描述与计算]。（4）行驶车辆的当前速度。行驶环境范围内,车辆与每个物体之间计算得出的时间值可能会有冲突,这是证明风险的关键点。基于可能存在的碰撞时间标准,每个对象都是通过使用不同的分类技术风险和危险水平来排序。目前这些技术具体包含：K最近邻群集算法（KNN）、神经网络（NN）、支持向量机（SVM）等。相比较之下,K-means算法经研究被验证为最适用于本文所描述数据集的最好方法。然后,我们研究如何处理那些仅使用单项输入模式可能无法实现的、并从多个特征向量中为了提高准确性和更具体推论规则和推理的数据融合系统相结合的数据,以及为了给予一个正确精准的决策而需要对n向量操控和整合等方面的问题。为了计算给出一个正确的决策信息,我们针对一个由F个自定义的特征组成向量,并结合N个采集对象特征向量,然后融合集成所有必需的数据集。在此研究背景的框架下,我们提出了两种不同的融合算法： A)基于车辆相对位置的决策级数据融合[最高风险从（左,右和前面,后面）]。 b)基于对象特征属性的数据融合[风险最高的(汽车、人力、交通信号灯、和障碍]。并且,在此基础上我们详细比较了这两个方法。同时在决策阶段时依据输入的特性选用其中之一方法,以便得到较好的决策结果。最后,我们介绍了提出的模糊逻辑控制系统,用于解决不确定性的考虑多个选择的问题,一种合适的模糊逻辑决策算法。该算法的思想是依据不同行为特征选择导致的有关车辆位置等不同距离特征的影响,并以计算得出的汽车碰撞时间进行测试。不同距离特征会影响所需计算的汽车碰撞时间,这个运算法则始于那些行为被选择,而后执行“并”的法则完成和遵循。系统描述了汽车自主行驶决策的各种工况,包括每个“仅在前”,“仅在后”,“仅在左”,“仅在右”等方向的工况下车辆对象可能产生事故的原因。由于本文方法具备了提示正确的方向转向和适当的速度来避免碰撞的能力,这项研究结果将进一步提高影响车辆驾驶人和自主驾驶代理未来的自主驾驶决策和辨识能力。

关键词：自主驾驶技术模糊逻辑数据融 K最近邻算法神经元网络支持向量机

Double tracer PET/CT:what is it and what does it mean?

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2016年第1期2卷 321-328页

作者： Mattia Pellicciari Silvia Ortolani Elisabetta Grego Giampaolo Tortora sara Cingarlini Department of Clinical Oncology Comprehensive Cancer NetworkG.B.Rossi University HospitalUniversity of Verona37134 VeronaItaly

^(68)Ga-DOTA-peptide PET/CT is a recommended imaging modality in the workup of neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs),which shows high diagnostic sensitivity and is a strong predictor of successful somatostatin receptor directed *** not routinely recommended,reliable evidences show that^(18)F-FDG PET/CT can provide complementary information in this setting with the ability to discriminate slow-proliferating tumors from aggressive,rapidly-proliferating ***,it has been proposed as an independent prognostic factor for the prediction of either overall survival or progression free *** this review,we provide insight into the biologic significance of ^(68)Ga-DOTA-peptides and ^(18)F-FDG uptake,and of the use of double tracer(^(68)Ga-DOTA-peptides plus ^(18)F-FDG)PET/CT in the clinical evaluation of patients affected by NENs.

关键词： 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT ^(18)F-FDG PET/CT neuroendocrine neoplasms

A new approach for the treatment of CLL using chlorambucil/hydroxychloroquine-loaded anti-CD20 nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2016年第2期9卷 537-548页

作者： sara Capolla Nelly Mezzaroba Sonia Zorzet Claudio Tripodo Ramiro Mendoza-Maldonado Marilena Granzotto Francesca Vita Ruben Spretz Gustavo Larsen Sandra Noriega Eduardo Mansilla Michele Dal bo Valter Gattei Gabriele Pozzato Luis Nunez Paolo Macor Department of Life Sciences University of Trieste 34127 Trieste Italy Department of Human Pathology University of Palermo 90133 Sicilia Italy Molecular Oncology Unit National Laboratory Consorzio Interuniversitatio per le Biotecnologie (CIB) 34012 Trieste Italy Dipartimento Universitario Clinico di Scienze mediche Chirurgiche e della Salute University of Trieste 34149 Trieste Italy LNK Chemsolutions LLC Lincoln NE 68521 USA bio-Target Inc. Chicago IL 60637 USA Centro Unico Coordinador de Ablacion e Implante Provincia de buenos Aires (C.U.CA.I.b.A.) Ministry of Health La Plata Buenos AiresArgentina Clinical and Experimental Onco-Hematology Unit Centro di Riferimento Oncologico Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico(I.R.C.C.S.) 33081 Aviano Italy Callerio Foundation Onlus Institutes of Biological Researches 34127 Trieste Italy

Current approaches for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia （CLL） have greatly improved the prognosis for survival, but some patients remain refractive to these therapeutic regimens. Hence, in addition to reducing the long-term side- effects of therapeutics for all leukemia patients, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies for difficult-to-treat leukemia cases. Due to the cytotoxicity of drugs, the major challenge currently is to deliver the therapeutic agents to neoplastic cells while preserving the viability of non-malignant ceils. In this study, we propose a therapeutic approach in which high doses of hydroxychloroquine and chlorambucil were loaded into biodegradable polymeric nanopartides coated with an anti-CD20 *** first demonstrated the ability of the nanoparticles to target and internalize in tumor b-cells. Moreover, these nanoparticles could kill not only p53-mutated]deleted leukemia cells expressing a low amount of CD20, but also circulating primary ceils isolated from chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. The safety of these nanoparticles was also demonstrated in healthy mice, and their therapeutic effects were shown in a new model of aggressive leukemia. These results showed that anti-CD20 nanoparticles containing hydroxychloroquine and chlorambucil can be effective in controlling aggressive leukemia and provided a rationale for adopting this approach for the treatment of other b-cell disorders.

关键词： chronic lymphocytic leukemia immune targeted nanoparticles treatment xenograft model

Does Missing Data in Studies of Hard-to-Reach Populations bias Results? Not Necessarily

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Open Journal of Statistics 2017年第2期7卷 264-289页

作者： Anneliese C. bolland sara Tomek John M. bolland Institute for Social Science Research The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama USA Department of Educational Studies in Psychology Research Methodology and Counseling The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama USA

Missing data are always an issue in community-based longitudinal studies, calling into question the representativeness of samples and bias in conclusions, the research has generated. This may be due to the difficulty of implementing random sampling procedures in these studies and/or the inherent difficulty in sampling hard-to-reach segments of the population being studied. In fact, the ability to accurately study hard-to-reach populations in light of potential bias created by missing data remains an open question. In this study, missing data are defined as both failure to interview potential research participants identified in the sampling frame and failure to retain enrolled research participants longitudinally. Using the sample from the Mobile Youth Survey, a multiple-cohort, longitudinal study of adolescents living in highly impoverished neighborhoods in Mobile, Alabama, we examined sample representativeness and dropout to determine whether missing data led to a nonrepresentative, and therefore, biased sample. Results indicate that even though random procedures are not strictly used to draw the sample, (a) the sample appears to be largely representative of the population that was studied, and (b) attrition is largely uncorrelated with characteristics of those who dropped out. This suggests that it is possible to study with validity hard-to reach populations in community settings.

关键词： Hard-to-Reach Populations Missing Data Representativeness Community-based Research

The Effect of Sulfur-Containing Humic Acid on Yield and Nutrient Uptake in Olive Fruit

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Open Journal of Ecology 2017年第4期7卷 279-288页

作者： Atoosa Danyaei sara Hassanpour Mohammad Ali baghaee Maryam Dabbagh Mehrdad babarabie Dr. Shariaty Faculty Technical & Vocational University Tehran Iran Dr.Shariaty Faculty Technical & Vocational University Tehran Iran Agronomy Shahed University and Company’s Technical Manager of Khorram Bahar Atis Tehran Iran Olericulture Department of Horticulture Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan Iran Young Researchers and Elite Club Gorgan Branch Islamic Azad University Gorgan Iran

The combined application of organic and mineral fertilizers can be a proper way of nutrition management to increase the yield and quality and to mitigate environmental impacts of chemicals and the pertaining costs. The impact of different rates of sulfur-containing humic acid was studied on yield and nutrient uptake of the fruits of olive “Zard” three-year-old trees in a trial based on a Randomized Complete block Design with three replications in Shariati College of Tehran, Iran. The studied treatment was sulfur-containing humic acid at four rates of 0, 20, 25 and 30 kg⋅ha−1, which was applied at two stages. The highest fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, N and Cu contents were related to humic acid rate of 20 kg⋅ha−1. The highest fruit length, chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll were observed in control. The highest K, Fe and Mn contents were obtained from plants treated with 30 kg⋅ha−1 humic acid. Plants treated with 25 kg⋅ha−1 exhibited the highest P and Zn contents. All in all, the application of sulfur-containing humic acid at different rates had favorable impacts on quantitative and qualitative traits of olive fruits.

关键词： Humic Acid Olive Sulfur Yield

Role of Urban Planning in the Environment of Saida City in Algeria

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(b) 2014年第2期3卷 109-114页

作者： sara Zatir Sidi Mohammed E1 Habib Ratiba Widad biara Department of Architecture Oran University Oran 31000 Algeria

Urban planning and environment have long evolved on two parallel tracks. but today, people can design a layout without addressing its environmental impacts on the environment. Documents of the regulatory urban have the role to control the urban development of a town, they act indirectly on the urban landscape, but what about the environment？ Algeria like many countries in the world introduced an economy based on developing sustainable economy. It was officially pronounced with the promulgation of Law No. 01-20 of December 12, 2001 relating to the development and sustainable development of the territory, one of the objectives of this law is the protection, setting values and rational use of natural resources and preservations for future generations. Even with these initiatives but still certain deficiencies that may be identified by the difference between these urban planning instruments and negligence of the socio-economic component. In this context, the idea is to find a balance between present and future generations, between economic needs and ecological and cultural needs backup, between individual and collective interests. It is to develop new strategies and management laws and mastery of the environment.

关键词： Algeria environment spatial development urban planning.