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Causative bacteria of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care unit in Bahrain:Prevalence and antibiotics susceptibility pattern

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2023年第3期12卷 165-175页

作者： Mohamed Eliwa Hassan Safaa Abdulaziz Al-Khawaja Nermin Kamal Saeed Sana Abdulaziz Al-Khawaja Mahmood Al-Awainati sara salah yusuf radhi Mohamed Hameed Alsaffar Mohammed Al-Beltagi Intensive Care Unit Department of Internal medicineSalmaniya Medical ComplexMinistry of HealthManamaKingdom of BahrainManama 12ManamaBahrain Infectious Disease Unit Department of Internal MedicineSalmaniya Medical ComplexMinistry of HealthKingdom of BahrainManama 12ManamaBahrain Medical Microbiology Section Department of PathologySalmaniya Medical ComplexMinistry of HealthKingdom of BahrainManama 12ManamaBahrain Medical Microbiology Section Department of PathologyIrish Royal College of SurgeonBahrainBusiateen 15503MuharraqBahrain Department of Family Medicine Ministry of HealthManamaKingdom of BahrainManama 12ManamaBahrain Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31511AlghrabiaEgypt Department of Pediatrics University Medical CenterKing Abdulla Medical CityArabian Gulf UniversityDr.Sulaiman Al Habib Medical GroupManama 26671ManamaBahrain

BACKGROUND Ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP)is defined as pneumonia that occurs two calendar days following endotracheal intubation or after *** is the most common infection encountered among intubated *** incidence showed wide variability between *** To define the VAP incidence in the intensive care unit(ICU)in the central gove-rnment hospital in Bahrain and review the risk factors and the predominant bacterial pathogens with their antimicrobial susceptibility *** The research was a prospective cross-sectional observational study over six months from November 2019 to June *** included adult and adolescent patients(>14 years old)admitted to the ICU and required intubation and mechanical *** was diagnosed when it occurred after 48 h after endotracheal intubation using the clinical pulmonary infection score,which considers the clinical,laboratory,microbiological,and radiographic *** The total number of adult patients admitted to the ICU who required intubation and mechanical ventilation during the study period was ***-six patients developed VAP during their ICU stay(29.7%).The calculated VAP rate was 22.14 events per 1000 ventilator days during the study period,with a mean age of 52 years±*** VAP cases had late-onset VAP with a mean number of ICU days before the development of VAP of 9.96±***-negative contributed to most VAP cases in our unit,with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter being the most identified *** The reported VAP rate in our ICU was relatively high compared to the international benchmark,which should trigger a vital action plan for reinforcing the implementation of the VAP prevention bundle.

关键词： Ventilator-associated pneumonia Intensive care unit Antibiotics susceptibility pattern Kingdom of Bahrain Adults Bacterial resistance Acinetobacter

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Development of new lateral-flow immunochromatographic strip using colloidal gold and mesoporous silica nanoparticles for rapid diagnosis of active schistosomiasis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第8期9卷 315-322页

作者： Manal Kamel Faten salah Zeinab Demerdash sara Maher Shimaa Atta Abeer Badr Ahmed Afifi Hanan El Baz Immunology Department Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteKornish El Nil streetGizaEgypt Zoology Department Faculty of ScienceCairo University12613GizaEgypt

Objective: To develop a new sandwich based lateral flow immunochromatographic strip for rapid detection of circulating Schistosoma mansoni antigen in serum and urine samples of patients with active schistosomiasis. Methods: This lateral flow immunochromatographic strip was prepared by using anti-Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigen monoclonal antibody conjugated gold nanoparticles (MAb-AuNPs) as antigen-detecting antibody, while crystalline material (MCM)-41-MAb bioconjugate was immobilized at the test line as antigen-capturing antibody. Both antigen capturing and detecting antibodies formed sandwich complexes with circulating Schistosoma mansoni antigen in the positive samples. Sandwich complexes immobilized at the test line gave distinct red color. The assay reliability was examined by using urine and serum samples of 60 Schistosoma mansoni infected patients, 20 patients infected with parasites other than Schistosoma, and 20 healthy individuals as negative controls. Results were compared with those obtained via sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The detection limit of circulating Schistosoma mansoni antigen by lateral flow immunochromatographic strip was lower (3 ng/mL) than the detection limit by ELISA (30 ng/mL). The sensitivity and specificity of lateral flow immunochromatographic strip in urine samples were 98.3% and 97.5%, respectively compared to 93.5% and 90.0% by ELISA. In serum samples, they were 100.0% and 97.5%, respectively compared to 97.0% and 95.0% by ELISA. The strip test took approximately 10 min to complete. Conclusions: This new lateral flow immunochromatographic strip offers a sensitive, rapid, and field applicable technique for diagnosis of active schistosomiasis.

关键词： Schistosomiasis Nanoparticles Immunochromatographic Monoclonal antibodies

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Economical Evaluation of a Low-Enthalpy Geothermal Resource Located in an Arid-Zone Area

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2012年第7期6卷 1013-1021页

作者： salah Masheitil Brian Agnew sara Walker Mosbah Talbi Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Benghazi University Benghazi Libya School of the Built and Natural Environment Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne UK Marine Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Tripoli University Tripoli Libya

In this work an economical evaluation that established the viability of a low enthalpy geothermal resource as an energy source in north Africa is presented. The factors considered included the payback period, average rate of return, net present value, and net benefit-cost ratio. The model was based on utilising the energy source to energise four models that comprised thermal equipment consisting of water/air cooled single/half effect lithium bromide water mixture absorption chillers and an R-245fa organic Rankine cycle. These modelled cycles were based on the energy demand for Waddan city a community in southern Libya which has a demand for combined cooling/electricity only or cooling/electricity with district hot water supply. The results revealed that all of the proposed simulated stand-alone models, except the water-cooled half effect chiller, are not economically viable unless they are heavily subsidized or combined with the district hot water supply at least in the winter season.

关键词：经济评价地热资源吸收式冷水机组干旱区水冷式冷水机组面积焓空气冷却

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