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Occurrence data may provide unreliable thermal preferences and breadth of species

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Current Zoology 2015年第6期61卷 972-982页

作者： sara VILLEN-PEREZ Luis M. CARRASCAL Department of Biogeography and Global Change National Museum of Natural Sciences MNCN-CSIC. C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2 28006 Madrid Spain.

Accurate information on the thermal preference and specialization of species is needed to understand and predict spe- cies geographical range size and vulnerability to climate change. Here we estimate the position and breadth of species within thermal gradients based on the shape of the response curve of species abundance to temperature. The objective of the study is to compare the measurements of this approach based on abundance data with those of the classical approach using species＇ occur- rence data. The relationship between species＇ relative abundance and minimum winter temperature of 106 bird species wintering in the Iberian Peninsula is modeled at 100 Km2 resolution with quadratic logistic regressions. From these models we calculated the preferred temperature of species as the temperature at which the abundance is maximized, and the thermal breadth of species as the relative area under the temperature-abundance curve. We also estimated the thermal preferences and breadth of species as the average temperature and temperature range of the UTM cells in which the species are present. The abundance-temperature response curves reveal that birds prefer higher temperatures to overwinter, and are more thermally selective, than is measured by the classical approach. Moreover, response curves detect a higher inter-specific variability in both thermal preferences and ther- mal breadth of species. As occurrence data gives the same weight to cells with one or many individuals, the average temperature of the cells in which the species is present roughly reflects the average temperature in the region of study and not the environ- mental preferences of species .

关键词： Abundance-temperature response curve Birds Species occurrence Thermal breadth Thermal preferences Winter

A Lightweight Driver Drowsiness Detection System Using 3DCNN With LSTM

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第1期44卷 895-912页

作者： sara A.Alameen Areej M.Alhothali Department of Computer Science King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Today,fatalities,physical injuries,and significant economic losses occur due to car *** the leading causes of car accidents is drowsiness behind the wheel,which can affect any *** and sleepiness often have associated indicators that researchers can use to identify and promptly warn drowsy drivers to avoid potential *** paper proposes a spatiotemporal model for monitoring drowsiness visual indicators from *** model depends on integrating a 3D convolutional neural network(3D-CNN)and long short-term memory(LSTM).The 3DCNN-LSTM can analyze long sequences by applying the 3D-CNN to extract spatiotemporal features within adjacent *** learned features are then used as the input of the LSTM component for modeling high-level temporal *** addition,we investigate how the training of the proposed model can be affected by changing the position of the batch normalization(BN)layers in the 3D-CNN *** BN layer is examined in two different placement settings:before the non-linear activation function and after the non-linear activation *** study was conducted on two publicly available drowsy drivers datasets named 3MDAD and YawDD.3MDAD is mainly composed of two synchronized datasets recorded from the frontal and side views of the *** show that the position of the BN layers increases the convergence speed and reduces overfitting on one dataset but not the *** a result,the model achieves a test detection accuracy of 96%,93%,and 90%on YawDD,Side-3MDAD,and Front-3MDAD,respectively.

关键词： 3D-CNN deep learning driver drowsiness detection LSTM spatiotemporal features

Genetics of inflammatory bowel disease: The role of the HLA complex

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第23期12卷 3628-3635页

作者： Tariq Ahmad sara E Marshall Derek Jewell Gastroenterology Unit University of OxfordGibson LaboratoriesRadcliffe Infirmary Woodstock RoadOxford United Kingdom Department of Immunology Wright-Fleming InstituteImperial CollegeLondonUnited Kingdom Gastroenterology Unit University of OxfordGibson LaboratoriesRadcliffe InfirmaryWoodstock RoadOxfordUnited Kingdom

The human leucocyte antigen （HLA） complex on chromosome 6p21.3 is the most extensively studied genetic region in Inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）. Consistent evidence of linkage to IBD3 （6p21.1-23）, an area which encompasses the HLA complex, has been demonstrated for both Crohn＇s disease and ulcerative colitis, and a number of replicated associations with disease susceptibility and phenotype have recently emerged. However, despite these efforts the HLA susceptibility gene （s） for IBD remain elusive, a consequence of strong linkage disequilibrium, extensive polymorphism and high gene density across this region. This article reviews current knowledge of the role of HLA complex genes in IBD susceptibility and phenotype, and discusses the factors currently limiting the translation of this knowledge to clinical practice.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Human leucocyte antigen complex Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Genetics

Woodland Mediterranean birds can resist a dry extreme cold wave

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Current Zoology 2014年第4期60卷 429-437页

作者： sara VILLEN-PEREZ Luis M. CARRASCAL Department of Biogeography and Global Change Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC) C/Jos6 Guti6rrez Abascal 228006 Madrid Spain

The ecological consequences of climate extreme events are still poorly understood, especially those related to cold episodes. Winter cold spells might imperil the energy balance of small passerines, thus compromising their survivorship. Here we analyze how the abundance and habitat use of three tree-gleaning passerine species wintering in a montane oakwood of central Spain at ca. 1,300 m a.s.1, was influenced by the cold wave that hit Europe in February 2012. We monitored temperature, wind and the relative abundance of great tit Parus major, blue tit Cyanistes caeruleus and long-tailed tit Aegithalos caudatus in 15 plots throughout three periods： before, during and after the cold wave. Our results clearly rule out widespread mortality and temporal migration of the studied passerine populations, as the abundance of these species did not diminish during the cold wave. Moreover, the species usually foraging higher in the tree canopy -and thus more exposed to windmoved to the less windy woodland plots （long-tailed tit） and reduced their foraging height above ground during the cold wave （long-tailed tit and blue tit）, probably to mitigate the deleterious effects of wind chill. Therefore, these forest birds were able to cope with a dry cold wave that was statistically extreme in terms of temperature and wind chill, according to the historic climate records of the region. It seems that, at least when foraging substrates are not heavily covered by snow or ice, Mediterranean birds can resist an extreme cold wave [Current Zoology 60 （4）： 429-437, 2014].

关键词： Cold wave Harsh weather Mediterranean oakwoods Temperature Tree-gleaning birds Wind chill

Comparative and Competitive Adsorption of Cu（II） and Cd（II） Using Scoria： Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2017年第3期33卷 471-478页

作者： SEYFI sara AZADMEHR Amir Reza MAGHSOUDI Abbas Department of Mining & Metallurgical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran *** Iran

Heavy metals, such as Cu（Ⅱ） and Cd（Ⅱ） are among the hazardous pollutants that lead to severe ecological problems and have a toxic effect on living organisms. This study was carried out on adsorption of Cu（Ⅱ） and Cd（Ⅱ） from single-and multi-component aqueous solutions with Iranian scoria. Two- and three-parameter isotherm models, such as Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Khan and Toth have been studied for single and bi- nary adsorption of Cu（Ⅱ） and Cd（Ⅱ） onto scoria. The best result was attained from Langmuir model for Cu（Ⅱ） and Cd（Ⅱ） ions in single and binary solution. Therefore, homogenous adsorption is dominated, which was emphasized by three-parameter isotherm models. Based on the value of the free energy of adsorption for Cu（Ⅱ） and Cd（Ⅱ）, the inte-raction between these ions and scoria is a physical adsorption. In order to investigate competitive adsorption behavior, modified and extended Langmuir and Freundlich models have been studied, which indicated that adsorption of Cu（Ⅱ） and Cd（Ⅱ） on scoria has synergistic behavior. Extended Freundlich model and modified Langmuir model described Cu（Ⅱ） and Cd（Ⅱ） adsorption onto scoria, respectively.

关键词： Adsorption Individual isotherm Multi-component isotherm Kinetics Thermodynamic

Misfolded amyloid-βstrains and their potential roles in the clinical and pathological variability of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 119-120页

作者： sara Kelley Nelson Perez-Urrutia Rodrigo Morales Department of Neurology University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTXUSA Centro Integrativo de Biologia y Quimica Aplicada(CIBQA) Universidad Bernardo O’HigginsSantiagoChile

Potential causes for the clinical and pathological variability observed in Alzheimer’s disease(AD):AD is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the impairment of cognitive functions such as memory,learning,and *** commonly described clinical symptoms are due to particular pathological changes in the brain,including inflammation,synaptic loss,and neuronal *** changes are a consequence of the accumulation of abnormally folded amyloid-β(Aβ)and tau proteins in specific areas of the central nervous *** the progressive aging of the world’s population,the number of people affected by AD is expected to substantially and consistently increase in the coming *** positions AD as one of the main public health challenges in the near future.

关键词： clinical Alzheimer amyloid

Production of micro-cuttings from acorns to test the plasticity of response to contrasting soil water regimes

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第5期27卷 995-1001页

作者： julien parelle sara belabbes fabienne tatin-froux UMR Chrono-Environnement 6249 Universite de Bourgogne Franche-Comte/CNRS USC INRA 16 route de Gray 25030 Besancon Cedex France

We collected acorns from selected Quercus robur and Quercus petraea mother trees growing at sta- tions with different depths to the water table. We produced pairs of micro-cuttings from these single acorns. The obtained pairs of cuttings represented phenotypes of high similarity according to photosynthetic parameters. These pairs of cuttings were used to test the plasticity of response to contrasting water regimes. For each pair, one cutting was submitted to drought and the other was submitted to waterlogging. Drought response was recorded according to gas exchange traits （stomatal closure and water use effi- ciency）. The response to waterlogging was recorded according to the capacity to form hypertrophied lenticels and to maintain the CO2 assimilation rate. Intermediary phenotypes presenting both high water use efficiency and the capacity to develop hypertrophied lenticels were expected.

关键词： Acorns Drought petraea Quercus sessiliflora Quercus robur Quercus Waterlogging

Enhanced removal of benzene in nonthermal plasma with ozonation, flow recycling, and flow recirculation

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Plasma Science and Technology 2019年第9期21卷 91-100页

作者： Roohollah ROSTAMI Gholamreza MOUSSAVI sara DARBARI Ahmad JONIDI JAFARI Research Center for Health Sciences and Technologies Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan *** Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Faculty of Medical Sciences Tarbiat Modares University Tehran *** Iran ECE Department Tarbiat Modares University Tehran *** Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Faculty of Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran *** Iran

A double stage AC/DC sequential high voltage reactor has been developed to study the decomposition of benzene in the air stream at atmospheric pressure. The removal efficiency was measured as a function of ozonation, flow recycling, and flow recirculation. Ozonation in the inlet, and recycling of the exhaust stream increased the removal of benzene, also with increasing of specific input energy(J l^-1) the effect of inlet flow ozonation on benzene decomposition was enhanced. The highest removal efficiency was obtained up to >99% in recirculation six times,while CO2 selectivity reached 99.9% and energy efficiency was 0.59 g kWh^-1. O3 production/decomposition > production of OH radicals > electronic and ionic collisions were indicated as the main mechanisms influencing benzene abatement in this research.

关键词： plasma benzene positive corona air pollution

Intercontinental response to variations in the Arabia-Eurasia Plate convergence,calcite e-twin evidence of the Kuhbanan Fault system,Central Iran

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第5期18卷 1321-1339页

作者： sara ESMAEILIAN Saeed MADANIPOUR Shahram SHAAFIEIBAFTI Yasamin EBRAHIMI Department of Geology Tarbiat Modares UniversityTehran 14115-175Iran Department of Geology Shahid Bahonar UniversityKerman ***Iran

Variations in the plate convergence direction have generally reflected on the kinematics of the major fault zones developed in the intercontinental parts of the collision *** Kuhbanan Fault system is one of the most important intercontinental faults in the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone with a dextral strike slip *** fault system is composed of three fault strands including Kuhbanan,Bazargan,and Kerman *** we used calcite e-twin analysis of the vein samples developed in these fault zones to reconstruct deformation condition and the paleodifferential stress direction and magnitude at the Kuhbanan Fault *** results represent 190°C-200°C of the deformation temperature and related 5–6±1 km of deformation depth at the Kuhbanan Fault *** paleodifferential stress magnitude in the Kuhbanan Fault system using e-twin parameters ranges from 169-196 MPa similar to the inner parts of the orogenic *** the data set of the Kuhbanan Fault system with previous studies at the Zagros orogen represents an increase of deformation depth and paleodifferential stress magnitudes from the foreland of the Zagros orogen to its hinterland and finally northward around the Kuhbanan Fault system in the central Iranian *** have also proposed a shift of the stress direction from paleo NE to recent N directed by comparing paleostress direction deduced from the calcite e-twin and recent stress direction calculated from GPS and earthquake data analysis around the Kuhbanan Fault *** kinematics change due to plate reorganization is in agreement with the observed regional variation in convergence direction all in the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone.

关键词： Kuhbanan Fault system Calcite e-twin analysis Paleodifferential stress Arabia Eurasia collision Central Iranian blocks Paleostress analysis