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Contribution of ultrasonic surface rolling process to the fatigue properties of TB8 alloy with body-centered cubic structure

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第2期61卷 63-74页

作者： Dan Liu Daoxin Liu Mario Guagliano Xingchen Xu Kaifa Fan sara Bagherifard College of Civil Aviation Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Department of Mechanical Engineering Politecnico di MilanoMilan 20156Italy

The effect of ultrasonic surface rolling process(USRP) as a severe plastic deformation technology was investigated on the evolution of microstructure, residual stress and surface morphology of TB8 alloys with body-centered cubic structure. Stress-controlled rotating-bending fatigue tests indicated increased fatigue strength in USRP samples prepared using different number of passes compared to the base material, which was attributed to the presence of gradient structure surface layers. Five subsequent USRP passes resulted in the highest fatigue strength, due to the optimal surface properties including higher extent of grain refinement, larger compressive residual stresses, "smoother" surface morphology and increased micro-hardness. However, the effect of USRP technology on improving fatigue strength of TB8 alloy was not significant in comparison with that of other titanium alloys(for example, Ti6 Al4 V), which was attributed to the notable surface residual stresses relaxation revealed from measurements on postfatigued USRP samples. Electron backscatter diffraction analysis confirmed that fatigue crack initiation occurred in the larger grains on the surface with high Schmid factor. Small cracks were found to propagate into the core material in a mixed transgranular and intergranular mode. Further analysis indicated that grain growth existed in post-fatigued USRP-treated TB8 samples and that the average geometrically necessary dislocations value reduced after fatigue loading.

关键词： Ultrasonic surface rolling process Gradient structure layers Fatigue crack Rotating-bending fatigue TB8 alloys

Symmetry in Seeded Metal Nanocrystal Growth

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Accounts of Materials Research 2021年第8期2卷 621-629页

作者： sara E.Skrabalak Department of Chemistry Indiana University−BloomingtonBloomingtonIndiana 47405United States

CONSPECTUS:Symmetry underpins the structure and function of the world around us and is also captured in modern nanomaterials,where changing the symmetry of a nanocrystal or the interparticle spacing and orientation of nanocrystal building blocks in a superlattice can give new ***,the synthesis and assembly of nanocrystals have been limited largely to simple compositions and *** remains a grand challenge to achieve nanocrystals with compositional and structural complexity while maintaining the monodispersity required for their *** Account will illustrate through recent examples that seeded methods enable the synthesis of compositionally and structurally complex multimetallic crystals with defined and predictable symmetries for applications in plasmonics and *** outcome arises because the barrier for heterogeneous nucleation(i.e.,seeded)is lower than that of homogeneous nucleation,where seeds can serve as preferential sites for the growth of complex structures and crystal *** analysis begins by considering metal overgrowth from single-crystalline seeds of different shapes and symmetries,where the kinetics of adatom addition to seeds relative to their diffusion across seeds accounts for the expressed nanocrystal *** results are then compared to overgrowth from seeds with different internal structures(i.e.,planar defects),where the relationships between nanocrystal size and volumetric strain energy and surface energy are discussed.A major finding from this analysis is that often the underlying symmetry of seeds can be predictably transferred to the final crystals during overgrowth *** of this finding are the predictable syntheses of crystals with different hierarchies akin to snowcrystals as well as nanocrystals with complex compositions(e.g.,quaternary nanoparticles).Yet,there are subtle aspects to seeded growth that pave a path toward examples where nanocrystal symmetry has been reduced compared

关键词： symmetry crystal finding

Portraying Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Comparative Evaluation of Diabetic Foot Infections versus Diabetic Foot Ulcers

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 297-309页

作者： Jamal Wadi Al Ramahi Leen Sharqawi sarah AL-Najafi Eman Awwad Haya M. Al-Obaidi Abdel Hafez Mohammad sara Nofal Dina Riyadh Al-Janabi Ibrahim Zuhair Hamza Jamal Al-Masaeid Mohammed Al-Ithawi Dina Rasheed Bellal O. Al-Far Osama Al-Izi Qutaiba Al-Bustanji School of Medicine The University of Jordan Amman Jordan Department of the Internal Medicine The Specialty Hospital Amman Jordan Department of Pharmacy The Specialty Hospital Amman Jordan Department of the Medical Al Khalidi Hospital Amman Jordan Department of Pharmacy Jordan Hospital Amman Jordan Department of Internal Medicine Jordan Hospital Amman Jordan Department of General Surgery Jordan Hospital Amman Jordan

Background: Confusion often arises in caring for diabetic foot infections and ulcers, especially with antimicrobials;we aim to shed light on this entity and alert healthcare workers to its stewardship. Methods: Records were reviewed between February 2016 and September 2023. Data for patients diagnosed with diabetes and foot ulcers, infected or not, were examined following ICD 9 search terms. Records for patients were included if they were prediabetic/diabetic adults with foot ulcers, more than 18 years old, and on antidiabetic treatment. Patients were excluded if they insulin resistant, with normal HgbA1c levels, wheel-chair dependent, bed-bound, non-diabetic patients, diabetic patients who had vascular lower limb surgery earlier to ulcers, diabetic patients who had aortocoronary bypass, deep venous thrombosis within six months, malignancy, and severe clinical depression. A modified IWGDF/IDSA guidelines definitions for DFI and DFU was considered. Statistical analysis was done using R programming. Statistical methods were employed as appropriate, and a significant P-value was considered for P Results: Most characteristics were well balanced between DFI and DFU, on imaging osteomyelitis and tissue swelling were significantly more in DFI. Endovascular radiological procedures showed angiograms to be considerably more in DFI, while angioplasty was more in DFU, in addition to smoking. Bacteremia was uncommon, and swab cultures were mostly polymicrobial in both ulcers;no clear association with blood bacteria was detected with the polymicrobial growth, though few were concordant. Antimicrobials prescribed for both ulcers were not statistically different except for carbapenems, which were more in DFI (P Conclusion: Attention should be paid to best practices while caring for diabetic ulcers. These include swab culture interpretations, the use of antimicrobials, and plan management according to DFI or DFU to utilize either local care or combination with antimicrobials.

关键词： Diabetic Foot Ulcers Diabetic Limb Amputation Antimicrobials Stewardship Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobials in Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa Duque Samuel M.S.Cheng Carolyn A.Cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu Yuet Chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang Yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.Wong Leo C.H.Tsang sara Chaothai Tsz Chun Kwan John K.C.Li Karl C.K.Chan Leo L.H.Luk Jenson C.H.Ho Wing Yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer H.Y.Lam Sau Man Chan Wilfred H.S.Wong Issan Y.S.Tam Masashi Mori Sophie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Wenwei Tu Yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKU‑Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NCT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over IM administration in *** Participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-CC versus ID-CC)and post-dose 3(IMCCC versus ID-CCC).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin G(IgG),S-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum of individual(S),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4^(+),SNM-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),S-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-CCC,S-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),interferon-γ+CD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated SARSCoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

Deubiquitinase Otub1 negatively regulates IL-15 signaling in CD8 T cells and NK cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第11期16卷 846-847页

作者： Matthew A.Huggins sara E.Hamilton Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Center for ImmunologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN 55414USA

Regulation of cells with cytotoxic functionality is crucial to provide an effective and proportional response to immune ***8 T cells and NK cells are responsible for differentiating infected or tumorigenic host cells from healthy self-cells and removing them from the ***-15 signaling promotes the survival,maturation,and proliferation of CD8 T cells and NK cells.1 In a recent work,Zhou et *** a novel regulatory checkpoint that inhibits activation through the IL-15 signaling pathway.2 This study dissects the mechanism through which the deubiquitinase Otub1 negatively regulates CD8 T cell and NK cell activation in response to *** findings identify an intriguing and previously undescribed checkpoint that can potentially be manipulated to modulate the immune ***,the authors demonstrate that by removing Otub1 inhibition,immune tolerance to self-cells and tumor antigens can be broken.

关键词： ubiquitin al. removing

Agreements’profile of Scheimpflug-based optical biometer with gold standard partial coherence interferometry

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第12期16卷 2095-2104页

作者： sara Sardari Akbar Fotouhi Ebrahim Jafarzadehpur Mehdi Khabazkhoob Research and Technology Deputy Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Noor Ophthalmology Research Center Noor Eye HospitalTehran ***Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology Noor Eye HospitalTehran ***Iran Department of Basic Sciences School of Nursing and MidwiferyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran

AIM:To determine the agreement of ocular biometric indices including axial length,keratometric readings,anterior chamber depth,and horizontal corneal diameter between the Pentacam AXL and IOL Master ***:The study was a large cross-sectional population-based study(Tehran Geriatric Eye Study)conducted from Jan 2019 to Jan 2020.A total of 160 clusters were randomly selected proportional to size(each cluster contained 20 individuals)from 22 strata of Tehran *** people aged 60y and above were invited to participate in the *** all participants,preliminary ocular examinations were performed including the measurement of uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity,objective and subjective refraction,anterior and posterior segment *** participants underwent an ocular biometry using the Pentacam AXL and IOL Master ***:The 95%limits of agreement(LoA)between the two devices were-0.13 to 0.19,-0.15 to 0.17,and-0.13 to 0.19 in normal,pseudophakic,and cataractous eyes,*** increasing the axial length,the difference between the two devices significantly increased in all three groups of normal,pseudophakic,and cataractous eyes(P<0.001).The 95% LoAs between the two devices regarding the mean keratometry shows that the best LoAs were seen in cataractous(-0.33 to 0.81)and followed by normal eyes(-0.36 to 0.86)and the pseudophakic eyes(-0.48 to 0.90)had the widest *** 95% LoAs for horizontal corneal diameter measurements were-0.08 to 0.86,-0.03 to 0.83,and-0.07 to 0.87 in normal,pseudophakic,and cataractous eyes,*** 95% LoAs of anterior chamber depth measurements between the two devices was-0.39 to 0.19 and-0.37 to 0.13 in normal eyes and cataractous,***:The Pentacam AXL has excellent agreement with the gold standard,IOL Master 500 in measuring axial *** eyes with cataracts,the difference between the two devices is more *** the increasing of axial length,the difference between the

关键词： ocular biometry optical biometer Pentacam AXL

Viscoelasticity of amyloid plaques in transgenic mouse brain studied by Brillouin microspectroscopy and correlative Raman analysis

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2017年第6期10卷 3-16页

作者： sara Mattana Silvia Caponi Francesco Tamagnini Daniele Fioretto Francesca Palombo Department of Physics and Geology University of Perugia Perugia I-06123Italy Istituto Officina dei Materiali del CNR(CNR-IOM)-Unita di Perugia Department of Physics and Geology University of Perugia Perugia I-06123Italy Hatherly Laboratories Medical School University of ExeterExeter EX44PSUK School of Physics and Astronomy University of Exeter Exeter EX44QLUK

A myloidopathy is one of the most prominent hallmarks of Alkheimer's disease(AD),the leading cause of dementia worldwide,and is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain *** plaques consist of abnornal deposits mainly composed of an aggregation-prone protein fragment,B-amyloid 140/1-42,into the extracellular *** micro-spectroscopy is an all-optical contactless technique that is based on the interaction between visible light and longitudinal acoustic waves or phonons,giving access to the viscoelasticity of a sample on a subcellular ***,we describe the first application of micromechanical mapping based on Brillouin scattering spectroscopy to probe the stifness of individual amyloid plaques in the hippocampal part of the brain of a B-amyloid overexpressi ng transgenic *** analysis based on Brillouin and Raman microspectroscopy showed that amyloid plaques have a complex structure with a rigid core of B-pleated shoet conformation(B-aryloid)protein sur-rounded by a softer ring-shaped region richer in lipids and other protein *** preliminary results give a new insight into the plaque biophysics and biomechanics,and a valuable contrast mechanism for the study and diagnosis of amnyloidopathy.

关键词： Alzheimer's imaging vibrational spectrosecopy protein misfolding light scattering

Growth of TiO2 Nanotube on Titanium Substrate to Enhance its Biotribological Performance and Biocorrosion Resistance

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第6期16卷 1039-1051页

作者： Jiajun Luo Bianhong Li sara Ajami Shuanhong Ma Feng Zhou Chaozong Liu Institute of Orthopaedic&Musculoskeletal Science Division of Surgery&Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonRoyal National Orthopaedic HospitalStanmoreHA14LPUnited Kingdom School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Solid L ubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

TiO2 nanotubes(NTs)have a great potential in improving the osetointegration of titanium(Ti)-based *** efforts have been made to evaluate the biological performance of the TiO2 nanotube in regulating protein adsorption and cells *** often used in orthopaedic applications,although biotribological performance and biocorrosion are important issues in these applications,few researches have been reported on the biotribological perfonnance of NT *** paper reports the preparation of a structure-optimised TiO2 NT(SO-NT)material via a multi-step oxidation strategy,as well as its biotribological and biocorrosion *** this procedure,an interfacial bonding layer of approximately 120 nm=150 nm was first formed on the titanium substrate,which was then joined to the NT *** mechanical testing with respect to impact,bending,and biotribological perfbnnance have demonstrated the resultant SO-NT layer possess improved mechanical stability compared to conventional *** uniform hyperfine interfacial bonding layer with nano-sized grains exhibited a strong bonding to NT layer and Ti *** was observed that the layer not only effectively dissipates external impacts and shear stress but also acts as a good corrosion resistance barrier to prevent the Ti substrate from *** models were proposed to analyze and predict the shear performance and corrosion-resistance mechanisms of the resultant *** obtained results demonstrated that the SO-NT material has great potential in orthopaedic applications.

关键词： TiO2 nanotubes tribology titanium implant surface modification biomaterials

Engineering carbon quantum dots for photomediated theranostics

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Nano Research 2018年第1期11卷 1-41页

作者： Mahbub Hassan Vincent G. Gomes Alireza Dehghani sara M. Ardekani School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia

Carbon quantum dots （CQDs） have emerged as potential alternatives to classical metal-based semiconductor quantum dots （QDs） due to the abundance of their precursors, their ease of synthesis, high biocompatibility, low cost, and particularly their strong photoresponsiveness, tunability, and stability. Light is a versatile, tunable stimulus that can provide spatiotemporal control. Its interaction with CQDs elicits interesting responses such as wavelength-dependent optical emissions, charge/electron transfer, and heat generation, processes that are suitable for a range of photomediated bioapplications. The carbogenic core and surface characteristics of CQDs can be tuned through versatile engineering strategies to endow specific optical and physicochemical properties, while conjugation with specific moieties can enable the design of targeted probes. Fundamental approaches to tune the responses of CQDs to photo-interactions and the design of bionanoprobes are presented, which enable biomedical applications involving diagnostics and therapeutics. These strategies represent comprehensive platforms for engineering multifunctional probes for nanomedicine, and the design of QD probes with a range of metal-free and emer^in~ 2D materials.

关键词： carbon quantum dots nanobiophotonics therapeutics diagnostics nanomedicine